本文選題：原位靜電紡絲技術(shù) + 納米止血�。� 參考：《青島大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：靜電紡納米纖維材料具有不同于普通纖維材料的納米尺度、比表面積大、孔徑小等優(yōu)良特性,在生物醫(yī)療、儲能催化、環(huán)境治理、航空航天等領(lǐng)域有著廣闊的實際應(yīng)用前景。靜電紡絲法是一種基于高壓靜電連續(xù)生產(chǎn)納米纖維的簡單技術(shù),該方法簡單高效、生產(chǎn)成本較低、改造加工性強,是近年來納米技術(shù)的研究熱點之一。原位靜電紡絲技術(shù)在充分發(fā)揮靜電紡納米纖維優(yōu)良特性的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合便攜式靜電紡絲裝置使用靈活的優(yōu)勢,在生物醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域展現(xiàn)出廣泛的應(yīng)用前景和巨大的發(fā)展?jié)摿�。本論文擬利用自主設(shè)計的便攜式靜電紡絲裝置,探索原位靜電紡絲技術(shù)在生物醫(yī)學(xué)方面的應(yīng)用。本論文主要由以下三部分組成:(1)針對醫(yī)用膠涂抹給藥存在的用藥量大、給藥范圍不確定的缺陷,我們設(shè)計了一種靜電紡絲噴涂裝置,通過在傳統(tǒng)靜電紡絲裝置上添加輔助氣流實現(xiàn)了醫(yī)用膠纖維的定向、定點精確沉積。與傳統(tǒng)的涂抹給藥方式相比,醫(yī)用膠納米纖維化不僅有助于提升粘合強度,而且用藥量僅為涂抹給藥的1/6,顯著降低了醫(yī)用膠的毒副作用。此外,醫(yī)用膠纖維定向沉積,有效避免了組織粘連問題,預(yù)防組織的感染,促進傷口愈合。(2)靜電紡納米纖維無紡布在醫(yī)用敷料領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用十分廣泛,高比表面積、三維網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)和高孔隙率能夠顯著加快傷口愈合速度。我們利用自主設(shè)計的便攜式手持靜電紡絲裝置在傷口表面原位噴敷納米纖維抗菌敷料。紡絲液中摻雜硅載銀納米顆粒使得納米纖維具敷料有廣譜抗菌性能。這種原位噴敷的納米纖維敷料不受突發(fā)急救現(xiàn)場環(huán)境以及傷口面積、部位的限制,可以隨時隨地實施治療。本方法在發(fā)揮納米纖維敷料優(yōu)勢的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合便攜式手持靜電紡絲裝置,攜帶方便,操作靈活,在戰(zhàn)場、交通事故及突發(fā)的急性創(chuàng)傷救治方面有著良好的應(yīng)用前景。(3)傳統(tǒng)單針頭靜電紡絲裝置制備納米纖維的產(chǎn)量極低,嚴(yán)重阻礙了靜電紡絲技術(shù)從實驗室研究走向產(chǎn)業(yè)化應(yīng)用的發(fā)展推廣。無針頭靜電紡絲技術(shù)克服了紡絲噴頭的數(shù)量限制,極大提高了納米纖維產(chǎn)量,為靜電紡絲技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展打下了堅實基礎(chǔ)。目前采用滾筒電極或者線電極的大規(guī)模靜電紡絲設(shè)備已經(jīng)用于產(chǎn)業(yè)化生產(chǎn)。我們主要介紹了當(dāng)前靜電紡絲技術(shù)的產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,重點介紹了幾種代表性的新型無針頭靜電紡絲裝置,并對目前市場上銷售的靜電紡絲產(chǎn)業(yè)化生產(chǎn)設(shè)備以及日常生活中使用的納米纖維產(chǎn)品進行了調(diào)研。
[Abstract]:Electrospun nanofibers have many excellent properties, such as large specific surface area and small pore size, which are different from ordinary fiber materials. They have wide application prospects in biomedicine, energy storage catalysis, environmental control, aerospace and other fields. Electrostatic spinning is a simple technology for the continuous production of nanofibers based on high voltage electrostatic. It is one of the research hotspots of nanotechnology in recent years. On the basis of giving full play to the fine characteristics of electrospun nanofibers and combining the flexible advantages of portable electrostatic spinning devices, in situ electrospinning technology has shown a wide range of applications and great potential in the field of biomedicine. The purpose of this paper is to explore the application of in situ electrospinning technology in biomedicine by using a portable electrostatic spinning device designed by ourselves. This paper mainly consists of the following three parts: (1) in view of the defects of large amount of medicine and uncertain range of administration of medical glue smear, we have designed an electrostatic spinning spraying device. The orientation and precise deposition of medical glue fibers were realized by adding auxiliary airflow to the traditional electrostatic spinning device. Compared with the traditional smear administration, the nano-fibrosis of medical glue not only helps to improve the adhesive strength, but also uses only 1 / 6 of the dosage of the smear, which significantly reduces the toxic and side effects of medical glue. In addition, the directional deposition of medical glue fibers effectively avoids the problem of tissue adhesion, prevents tissue infection, and promotes wound healing.) Electrospun nanofiber nonwoven fabrics are widely used in the field of medical dressings, with high specific surface area. Three-dimensional reticular structure and high porosity can significantly accelerate wound healing. We used a portable hand-held electrostatic spinning device to spray nano-fiber antibacterial dressing on wound surface in situ. The doped silver-loaded silver nanoparticles in the spinning solution make the nanofibers have broad spectrum antibacterial properties. This in-situ sprayed nanofiber dressing can be treated anywhere and anytime without being limited by the emergency scene, the area and the location of the wound. Based on the advantages of nano-fiber dressing and portable hand-held electrostatic spinning device, the method is convenient to carry, flexible in operation and in battlefield. Traffic accidents and sudden acute trauma have a good prospect of application. (3) the production of nanofibers prepared by traditional single needle electrostatic spinning device is extremely low. It seriously hinders the development and popularization of electrostatic spinning technology from laboratory research to industrial application. The technology of needle free electrostatic spinning overcomes the limitation of the number of spinners and greatly increases the output of nanofibers, which lays a solid foundation for the industrialization of electrostatic spinning technology. At present, large-scale electrostatic spinning equipment using drum electrode or wire electrode has been used in industrial production. We mainly introduced the current status of the industrialization of electrostatic spinning technology, focusing on the introduction of several representative new type of needle free electrostatic spinning device. The production equipment of electrostatic spinning and the nanofiber products used in daily life were investigated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R318.0;TB383.1

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