發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-25 06:47

  本文選題：碳納米管 + 理化表征��； 參考：《北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：碳納米管的獨(dú)特理化性質(zhì)使其在生物醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域有著廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。迄今為止,已有大量的研究報(bào)道碳納米管可能在藥物、基因或蛋白的載體和分子成像的造影劑方面有誘人的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。碳納米管在生物醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用的前提之一是在水溶液中均勻、穩(wěn)定分散。但是分散在水溶液中的碳納米管很難用傳統(tǒng)的分析技術(shù)來(lái)進(jìn)行理化性質(zhì)表征。此外,碳納米管作為生物醫(yī)藥載體應(yīng)用時(shí),不可避免進(jìn)入循環(huán)血液,了解并對(duì)其血液相容性進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)于碳納米管的安全應(yīng)用具有重要意義。雖然已有諸多文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道碳納米管會(huì)引起血小板的活化和聚集,促進(jìn)內(nèi)源性凝血,降低血管內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞的活性等,但是關(guān)于碳納米管對(duì)紅細(xì)胞的作用以及對(duì)凝血過(guò)程的影響和血栓力學(xué)性質(zhì)的報(bào)道十分有限。 本論文的研究工作主要包括以下三個(gè)方面： (1)建立碳納米管羧基化和氨基化的表面處理方法和制備穩(wěn)定的碳納米管水分散液。 (2)對(duì)碳納米管進(jìn)行物理化學(xué)表征,建立針對(duì)分散在水溶液中的碳納米管的物理化學(xué)表征體系。 (3)研究碳納米管對(duì)血液中各成分的作用,特別是對(duì)紅細(xì)胞的作用和對(duì)血栓形成過(guò)程的影響。 取得的主要研究結(jié)果為： (1)通過(guò)濃酸超聲氧化法制備表面含有羧基等含氧基團(tuán)的碳納米管,通過(guò)控制超聲時(shí)間制備得到氧化程度不同的碳納米管。在羧基化碳納米管的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)縮合反應(yīng)使碳納米管表面氨基化。將修飾后的碳納米管通過(guò)超聲輔助方法制得穩(wěn)定的碳納米管水分散液。 (2)以紫外-可見(jiàn)-近紅外吸收光譜(UV-vis-NIR)為主,結(jié)合掃描電鏡(SEM)、動(dòng)態(tài)光散射儀(DLS)、熱重法(TGA)、X-射線光電子譜儀(XPS)和傅里葉紅外光譜儀(FTIR)對(duì)水溶液中的碳納米管進(jìn)行表征。將特征吸收光譜進(jìn)行分峰擬合處理,建立了主峰峰位和強(qiáng)度與碳納米管尺寸以及表面含氧量的關(guān)系。并采用吸收光譜方法對(duì)表征了碳納米管在水中分散穩(wěn)定性的規(guī)律。 (3)碳納米管與血液共孵育后對(duì)血液系統(tǒng)中各成分均造成不同程度的損傷,引起紅細(xì)胞形態(tài)皺縮甚至細(xì)胞膜破裂。當(dāng)碳納米管具有相同尺寸時(shí),氨基化的MWCNTs對(duì)紅細(xì)胞的破壞作用要強(qiáng)于羧基化的碳納米管；當(dāng)碳納米管具有相同的表面化學(xué)組成時(shí),短碳納米管對(duì)紅細(xì)胞的破壞作用要大于長(zhǎng)碳納米管。四種碳納米管均引起了血小板中等強(qiáng)度的活化(10%-25%),長(zhǎng)碳納米管激活血小板的水平要強(qiáng)于短碳納米管。同時(shí)長(zhǎng)氨基化碳納米管引起紅細(xì)胞和血小板數(shù)量減少。四種碳納米管均能使初凝時(shí)間提前,凝血時(shí)間改變和影響血凝塊的力學(xué)性質(zhì)。在相同的凝血時(shí)間內(nèi),氨基化碳納米管使血凝塊硬度升高,而羧基化碳納米管使血凝塊硬度降低。四種碳納米管對(duì)血管內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞均造成中等程度的損傷。
[Abstract]:The unique physicochemical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) make them promising in biomedical applications. Up to now, many studies have reported that carbon nanotubes may have attractive application value in drug, gene or protein carrier and molecular imaging contrast agent. One of the prerequisites for the application of carbon nanotubes in biomedical applications is the uniform and stable dispersion of carbon nanotubes in aqueous solutions. However, it is difficult to characterize the physicochemical properties of carbon nanotubes dispersed in aqueous solution by traditional analytical techniques. In addition, when carbon nanotubes are used as biomedical carriers, they inevitably enter the circulation of blood. It is of great significance to understand and evaluate their blood compatibility for the safe application of carbon nanotubes. Although there have been many reports that carbon nanotubes can cause platelet activation and aggregation, promote endogenous coagulation, reduce the activity of vascular endothelial cells, and so on. However, the effects of carbon nanotubes on red blood cells, coagulation process and the mechanical properties of thrombus are very limited. The research work of this thesis mainly includes the following three aspects: A surface treatment method for carboxylation and aminolysis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the preparation of stable water dispersions of CNTs were established. 2) the physicochemical characterization of carbon nanotubes was carried out, and the physicochemical characterization system of carbon nanotubes dispersed in aqueous solution was established. (3) to study the effects of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on blood components, especially on red blood cells (RBC) and thrombosis process. The main findings obtained are: 1) carbon nanotubes with carboxyl and other oxygen groups on the surface were prepared by concentrated acid ultrasonic oxidation, and carbon nanotubes with different degree of oxidation were prepared by controlling ultrasonic time. On the basis of carboxyl carbon nanotubes, the surface of carbon nanotubes was aminated by condensation reaction. Stable water dispersions of carbon nanotubes were prepared by ultrasonic assisted method. The carbon nanotubes in aqueous solution were characterized by UV-vis-NIR (UV-vis-NIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLSX), thermogravimetric TGAGA-X- ray photoelectron spectrometer (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The relationship between the position and intensity of the main peak and the size of carbon nanotubes and the oxygen content on the surface was established by fitting the characteristic absorption spectra. The dispersion stability of carbon nanotubes in water was characterized by absorption spectra. (3) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) co-incubated with blood caused various components of the blood system to different degrees of damage, resulting in erythrocyte morphological shrinkage and even cell membrane rupture. When the carbon nanotubes have the same size, the amino MWCNTs is more destructive to the red blood cells than the carboxylated carbon nanotubes, and when the carbon nanotubes have the same surface chemical composition, Short carbon nanotubes are more destructive to red blood cells than long carbon nanotubes. All four carbon nanotubes cause moderate activation of platelets. Long carbon nanotubes activate platelets more than short carbon nanotubes. At the same time, long carbon nanotubes (CNTs) cause a decrease in the number of red blood cells and platelets. Four kinds of carbon nanotubes can advance the initial coagulation time, change the coagulation time and affect the mechanical properties of blood clots. At the same coagulation time, the hardness of hemagglutination was increased by amino carbon nanotubes, while the hardness of blood clots was decreased by carboxylated carbon nanotubes. All four carbon nanotubes caused moderate damage to vascular endothelial cells.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R318.08

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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