本文選題：靜電紡絲 + 醫(yī)用膠　； 參考：《青島大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：靜電紡絲技術(shù)是一種簡單高效、可大規(guī)模制備連續(xù)、均勻的一維納米纖維的方法。利用靜電紡絲技術(shù)制備的聚合物納米纖維具有高比表面積和高孔隙率等優(yōu)良特性,近年來受到國內(nèi)外科研人員的廣泛關(guān)注。α-氰基丙烯酸酯類醫(yī)用膠是一種快速粘合的醫(yī)用膠粘劑,具有粘合強(qiáng)度高、耐水性好、生物降解性等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。聚合原理簡述為醫(yī)用膠單體在陰離子作用下,發(fā)生快速聚合反應(yīng)形成致密薄膜對傷口進(jìn)行封閉。傳統(tǒng)的醫(yī)用膠涂抹給藥方式用藥量較大,而且容易造成組織粘連,只適用于體外傷口,對于硬腦膜、腎臟等軟組織傷口的封閉有著明顯的缺陷。本文利用自主設(shè)計的新型便攜式靜電紡絲裝置成功制備出醫(yī)用膠微納米纖維,探究醫(yī)用膠纖維在快速止血、傷口封閉等領(lǐng)域的新應(yīng)用。針對現(xiàn)有的醫(yī)用膠涂抹給藥方式存在的諸多不足,我們利用靜電紡絲技術(shù)結(jié)合氣流引導(dǎo)設(shè)計了一種靜電紡絲/噴涂裝置。我們首先利用靜電紡絲技術(shù)成功制備了醫(yī)用膠微納米纖維,紡絲過程中無需添加其他有機(jī)溶劑,電紡制備出純醫(yī)用膠微納米纖維。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對傳統(tǒng)靜電紡絲裝置進(jìn)行加工改造,引入氣流輔助紡絲的同時,實(shí)現(xiàn)醫(yī)用膠微納米纖維能夠定向沉積,極大避免了顱腦手術(shù)過程中發(fā)生的組織粘連問題。通過改變醫(yī)用膠的微觀結(jié)構(gòu),對醫(yī)用膠與器官組織的界面性質(zhì)也得到了大幅提高。在體外模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中,醫(yī)用膠微納米纖維膜展現(xiàn)出良好的柔韌性和顯著的封閉效果。與此同時,氣流輔助靜電紡絲/噴涂裝置解決了藥物沉積不定向問題,避免了術(shù)后的組織粘連問題,極大緩解了患者術(shù)后的痛苦。我們還以雞蛋和羊腦為模型,進(jìn)行了體外模擬修補(bǔ)硬腦膜的實(shí)驗(yàn),對設(shè)備的穩(wěn)定性與可靠性進(jìn)行了檢驗(yàn)和評價。進(jìn)一步地,以腎臟創(chuàng)面為模型,利用氣流引導(dǎo)靜電紡絲/噴涂裝置,在腎臟創(chuàng)面原位噴敷醫(yī)用膠微納米纖維,成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了腎臟創(chuàng)面快速止血。該方法避免了醫(yī)用膠臨床使用時存在的栓塞和粘管風(fēng)險,成功解決了不定向性和用藥量難以控制的難題。
[Abstract]:Electrostatic spinning is a simple and efficient method for preparing continuous and uniform one-dimensional nanofibers on a large scale. The polymer nanofibers prepared by electrospinning have excellent properties such as high specific surface area and high porosity. In recent years, the medical adhesive of 偽 -cyanoacrylate is a kind of medical adhesive, which has the advantages of high adhesive strength, good water resistance, biodegradability and so on. The polymerization principle is described as the rapid polymerization of the medical rubber monomer under the action of anion to form a dense film to seal the wound. The traditional medical glue smear and administration method uses a large amount of medicine, and easy to cause tissue adhesion, only suitable for external wound, for the dura mater, kidney and other soft tissue wound closure has obvious defects. In this paper, a new type of portable electrostatic spinning device designed by ourselves has been successfully used to prepare medical glue microfibers, and to explore the new applications of medical glue fibers in the field of rapid hemostasis and wound sealing. In view of the shortcomings of the existing medical glue smear and dispensing methods, we designed an electrostatic spinning / spraying device by using electrostatic spinning technology combined with airflow guidance. At first, we successfully prepared medical adhesive microfibers by electrospinning technology. In the process of spinning, pure medical adhesive microfibers were prepared by electrospinning without adding other organic solvents. On the basis of this, the traditional electrostatic spinning device was modified, and the air-assisted spinning was introduced. At the same time, the medical glue micro-nanofibers could be deposited directional, which greatly avoided the problem of tissue adhesion in the process of craniocerebral surgery. By changing the microstructure of medical adhesive, the interfacial properties of medical glue and organ tissue were greatly improved. In vitro simulation experiment, medical adhesive microfiber film showed good flexibility and remarkable sealing effect. At the same time, the air-assisted electrostatic spinning / spraying device solves the problem of drug deposition misorientation, avoids the problem of tissue adhesion after operation, and greatly alleviates the postoperative pain of patients. The model of egg and sheep brain was used to simulate the repair of dura mater in vitro. The stability and reliability of the equipment were tested and evaluated. Furthermore, taking the kidney wound as a model and using airflow guided electrostatic spinning / spraying device, the medical glue microfiber was sprayed in the kidney wound in situ, and the rapid hemostasis of the kidney wound was realized successfully. This method avoids the risk of embolization and tube adhesion in clinical use of medical glue, and successfully solves the problems of indirectionality and difficult to control the amount of medicine used.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R318.08

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