發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-23 19:18

  本文選題：太赫茲時(shí)域光譜(THz-TDS) + 皮膚癌變組織　； 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：太赫茲時(shí)域光譜(THz-TDS)技術(shù)是一種新型的遠(yuǎn)紅外相干光譜技術(shù)。近年來,太赫茲波科學(xué)與技術(shù)越來越多的引起了人們的關(guān)注。21世紀(jì)的生物與醫(yī)學(xué)研究,成為人類科學(xué)技術(shù)研究中最為活躍的領(lǐng)域之一。太赫茲波具有諸多優(yōu)越性,生物大分子振動(dòng)及轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)能級(jí)對(duì)應(yīng)的特征譜位于太赫茲波段,因此太赫茲波在生物組織研究中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用,在癌變組織的無損診斷方面有著巨大的應(yīng)用潛力。 本文分別介紹了THz波譜的特點(diǎn),以及太赫茲波光譜技術(shù)對(duì)DNA的無標(biāo)記探測(cè)研究、對(duì)氨基酸等生物大分子的振動(dòng)波譜研究等的進(jìn)展,并指出了太赫茲波譜技術(shù)在生物領(lǐng)域研究應(yīng)用中有待解決的問題。特別重點(diǎn)闡述“水”成分對(duì)太赫茲波譜的影響,并對(duì)“水”與太赫茲波的作用機(jī)理進(jìn)行了較為深入的分析。同時(shí),通過實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了水含量的不同對(duì)太赫茲的吸收光譜帶來的差異�；谌梭w健康組織與病變組織在水分以及其他組織成分的不同帶來的對(duì)太赫茲波譜的吸收差異性,開展了太赫茲光譜和光譜成像技術(shù)研究人體皮膚組織的癌變分辨的工作。 首先,利用透射式THz-TDS技術(shù)對(duì)石蠟封裝以及新鮮切片狀態(tài)的人體皮膚正常及癌變組織,進(jìn)行了光譜探測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,直接獲得透過樣品的太赫茲時(shí)域光譜,光譜攜帶了樣品與太赫茲脈沖相互作用的電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度和位相信息。通過對(duì)樣品不同探測(cè)點(diǎn)的時(shí)域波譜進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析發(fā)現(xiàn),時(shí)域中幅值能夠較好的反映健康組織與癌變組織的差異。然后對(duì)時(shí)域譜線作傅里葉變換(FFT)得到樣品的頻域譜,并對(duì)反映樣品性質(zhì)的太赫茲光學(xué)參數(shù)吸收系數(shù)及折射率等進(jìn)行推導(dǎo)計(jì)算。對(duì)于不同的病變樣本,區(qū)分癌變區(qū)域與非癌變區(qū)域的頻率段表現(xiàn)出一定的差異性,在石蠟封裝的1號(hào)樣品在1.4THz頻段的吸收系數(shù)能夠?qū)⒉∽兘M織與健康組織進(jìn)行區(qū)分,2號(hào)樣品在1.5THz處的表現(xiàn)出較為明顯的差異。經(jīng)過對(duì)樣品的規(guī)律性的多點(diǎn)掃描,選取不同頻段中的參數(shù)對(duì)進(jìn)行太赫茲光譜成像,并與病理學(xué)的診斷結(jié)果進(jìn)行比對(duì),結(jié)果表明太赫茲時(shí)域光譜成像在一定程度上合理反映了樣品的病變情況。為進(jìn)一步對(duì)頻譜數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行挖掘,本文結(jié)合模式識(shí)別,運(yùn)用主成分分析法對(duì)光譜信息進(jìn)行降維處理,同時(shí)用偏最小二乘法對(duì)癌變組織與健康組織進(jìn)行建模與定性區(qū)分,在1.4THz-1.7THz處達(dá)到良好的建模分類效果,相關(guān)系數(shù)達(dá)0.983148。
[Abstract]:Terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDSs) is a new far-infrared coherent spectrum technique. In recent years, terahertz wave science and technology have attracted more and more attention. The biological and medical research in the 21st century has become one of the most active fields in human science and technology research. Terahertz wave has many advantages. The characteristic spectrum of vibrational and rotational energy levels of biological macromolecules is located in the terahertz band, so terahertz wave has been widely used in the study of biological tissue. It has great potential in nondestructive diagnosis of cancerous tissue. In this paper, the characteristics of THz spectrum and the progress of unlabeled detection of DNA by terahertz spectroscopy and vibrational spectrum of biological macromolecules such as amino acids are introduced. The problems to be solved in the research and application of terahertz spectroscopy in biological field are pointed out. The influence of "water" on terahertz spectrum is discussed, and the mechanism of "water" and terahertz wave is analyzed. At the same time, the differences of the absorption spectra of terahertz with different water content were verified by experiments. Based on the difference in the absorption of terahertz spectrum between healthy tissues and diseased tissues in water and other tissue components, terahertz spectroscopy and spectral imaging techniques were carried out to study the canceration resolution of human skin tissues. Firstly, the spectral detection of normal and cancerous tissues of human skin in paraffin encapsulation and fresh slice state was carried out by transmission THz-TDS technique. The THz time-domain spectra of the samples were obtained directly. The spectrum contains the field intensity and phase information of the interaction between the sample and the terahertz pulse. By comparing and analyzing the time-domain spectra of samples at different detection points, it is found that the amplitudes in time domain can reflect the difference between healthy tissues and cancerous tissues. The frequency domain spectra of the samples are obtained by Fourier transform Fourier transform (FFTFT), and the absorption coefficient and refractive index of terahertz optical parameters which reflect the properties of the samples are deduced and calculated. For different pathological samples, there are some differences in the frequency segments between cancerous regions and non-cancerous regions. The absorption coefficients of the paraffin encapsulated sample 1 in the 1.4THz band can distinguish the diseased tissue from the healthy tissue, and sample 2 shows obvious difference in 1.5THz. After the regular multipoint scanning of the sample, the parameters in different frequency bands were selected for terahertz spectral imaging, and the results were compared with the pathological diagnostic results. The results show that terahertz time domain imaging can reflect the pathological changes of the samples to some extent. In order to further mine spectrum data, this paper combines pattern recognition, uses principal component analysis method to reduce the dimension of spectral information, and uses partial least square method to model and qualitatively distinguish cancerous tissue from healthy tissue. Good modeling and classification effect was achieved at 1.4THz-1.7THz, and the correlation coefficient was 0.983148.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH773;R739.5

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