本文選題：液氮 + 刀尖��； 參考：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：癌癥腫瘤是對(duì)人類存活形成嚴(yán)重威脅的幾種疾病之一，即使目前癌癥患者的死亡率明顯降低，但治療此類疾病的手段帶來(lái)的身體消瘦、精神抑郁等問(wèn)題會(huì)給患者的生理和心理產(chǎn)生諸多問(wèn)題，也為其家庭和社會(huì)增加了負(fù)擔(dān)。 微創(chuàng)冷凍方法在治療癌癥腫瘤等疾病方面正不斷得到醫(yī)學(xué)界的廣泛關(guān)注和重視。目前，在外科所使用的癌癥治療方法中，微創(chuàng)冷凍療法以其治療成本低、手術(shù)創(chuàng)口小、操作簡(jiǎn)單方便等優(yōu)點(diǎn)逐漸受到醫(yī)護(hù)人員和患者的認(rèn)可。本設(shè)計(jì)的目的是研究和開發(fā)出一種運(yùn)用液氮和熱空氣來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)冷凍與消融，并達(dá)到微創(chuàng)、低成本、患者短時(shí)間恢復(fù)健康的外科治療設(shè)備。 本文將在液氮低溫微創(chuàng)冷凍刀的搭建、軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)、實(shí)際工作方案的確定、冷熱交替過(guò)程的技術(shù)指標(biāo)、離體豬肝組織的冷熱消融實(shí)驗(yàn)等方面進(jìn)行研究： ①根據(jù)低溫微創(chuàng)冷凍刀監(jiān)測(cè)和控制的需求，完成冷凍刀硬件模塊設(shè)計(jì)和各個(gè)控制單元的整合； ②研究微創(chuàng)冷凍刀刀桿外壁在冷凍和復(fù)溫過(guò)程不對(duì)正常組織造成傷害的工作方案，，并在當(dāng)前的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下，對(duì)所選方案進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證； ③依據(jù)所構(gòu)建的低溫冷凍刀結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行各個(gè)硬件模塊的搭建、控制程序的設(shè)計(jì)等，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)冷凍過(guò)程與復(fù)溫過(guò)程的監(jiān)測(cè)和控制，并實(shí)時(shí)顯示整個(gè)治療過(guò)程中測(cè)壓點(diǎn)和測(cè)溫點(diǎn)的值。 ④對(duì)微創(chuàng)冷凍刀進(jìn)行測(cè)試，對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證，并分析其實(shí)際工作需要，同時(shí)進(jìn)行離體組織實(shí)驗(yàn)，研究其在冷熱消融過(guò)程的綜合性能。 本設(shè)計(jì)為智能化液氮微創(chuàng)冷凍系統(tǒng)的進(jìn)一步研究打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Cancer tumours are one of several diseases that pose a serious threat to human survival, and even though the mortality rate of cancer patients is now significantly reduced, the means of treatment for these diseases result in a loss of weight. Mental depression and other problems will cause a lot of physical and psychological problems, and increase the burden on their families and society. Minimally invasive cryotherapy has been paid more and more attention in the treatment of cancer, tumor and other diseases. At present, minimally invasive cryotherapy has been recognized by medical staff and patients for its advantages of low cost, small surgical wound and easy operation. The purpose of this design is to study and develop a surgical treatment device that uses liquid nitrogen and hot air to achieve cryotherapy and ablation, and to achieve minimally invasive, low-cost, and short-term recovery of patients. In this paper, the construction of liquid nitrogen cryogenic minimally invasive chiller, the design of hardware and software, the determination of practical work scheme, the technical index of the process of cold and heat alternate, and the experiment of cold and heat ablation of pig liver in vitro are studied. 1 according to the requirement of monitoring and control of cryogenic minimally invasive chilled knife, the hardware module design of chiller and the integration of each control unit are completed; (2) to study the work plan that the outer wall of the microinvasive chilled knife rod does not cause damage to normal tissue during freezing and rewarming, and the selected scheme is verified under the current experimental conditions; 3According to the structure of the cryogenic knife, the hardware module and control program are designed to monitor and control the freezing process and the rewarming process, and to display the values of the pressure point and the temperature measuring point in the whole treatment process in real time. (4) the microinvasive chilled knife was tested, the design index was verified, and the actual working requirement was analyzed. At the same time, the in vitro tissue experiment was carried out to study its comprehensive performance in the process of cold and hot ablation. This design has laid a solid foundation for the further research of intelligent liquid nitrogen micro-invasive refrigeration system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：R318.6

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