發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-11 06:30

  本文選題：植入式血泵 + 水力性能��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：人工心臟作為一種治療終末期心力衰竭的有效手段,是活體心臟移植的替代方案,可有效緩解自然心臟供體嚴(yán)重不足的現(xiàn)狀。作為人工心臟的核心部件血泵,則要求其具有較好的水力性能、溶血性能、水動(dòng)力性能。對(duì)于植入式血泵還需要具有結(jié)構(gòu)體積小、重量輕、旋轉(zhuǎn)部件少的特點(diǎn)。 本課題針對(duì)植入式人工心臟,對(duì)其血泵樣機(jī)進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),并應(yīng)用理論計(jì)算、數(shù)值模擬、性能試驗(yàn)等途徑對(duì)其水力性能、水動(dòng)力性能、溶血性能進(jìn)行分析,評(píng)價(jià)血泵整體設(shè)計(jì)指標(biāo)。論文主要開展了以下四個(gè)方面的研究： 1)血泵樣機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)。對(duì)血泵樣機(jī)進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),確定其內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)布局、總體形狀尺寸。根據(jù)血泵流量、揚(yáng)程等水力特性要求,應(yīng)用離心泵一元設(shè)計(jì)理論,對(duì)葉輪、壓水室等過流部件主要參數(shù)進(jìn)行計(jì)算,得到水力模型。在此基礎(chǔ)上完成對(duì)血泵上下蓋板、支承結(jié)構(gòu)、轉(zhuǎn)軸等結(jié)構(gòu)部件的設(shè)計(jì),并對(duì)各部件進(jìn)行加工制作,完成其總體裝配。 2)血泵內(nèi)部流動(dòng)特性分析及外特性試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。運(yùn)用計(jì)算流體力學(xué)基本原理,對(duì)血泵循環(huán)系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)全流場(chǎng)數(shù)值模擬,得到血泵內(nèi)各節(jié)點(diǎn)流動(dòng)參數(shù)；改變節(jié)流閥開口實(shí)現(xiàn)管路系統(tǒng)阻尼調(diào)節(jié),得到血泵不同工況下流動(dòng)性能。搭建血泵循環(huán)測(cè)試試驗(yàn)臺(tái),對(duì)加工設(shè)計(jì)的血泵樣機(jī)進(jìn)行外特性試驗(yàn),得到其特性曲線,驗(yàn)證水力性能是否滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求及數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果的精確性。 3)血泵血液相容性分析及體外溶血試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)血液損傷模型存在的局限性,提出一種新的溶血估算模型,并將新模型用于血泵樣機(jī)的溶血計(jì)算,得到不同紅細(xì)胞顆粒流經(jīng)血泵過程中的溶血估算值及血泵整體溶血指標(biāo)。搭建體外溶血測(cè)試試驗(yàn)臺(tái),對(duì)血泵樣機(jī)進(jìn)行溶血試驗(yàn),并將試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與新模型計(jì)算結(jié)果相對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證新溶血模型的準(zhǔn)確性。 4)血泵葉輪結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)性能分析。血泵內(nèi)部流場(chǎng)的復(fù)雜性及瞬變性使得葉輪表面所受到的作用力為交變應(yīng)力。對(duì)葉輪進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)分析時(shí),應(yīng)考慮流體場(chǎng)、固體場(chǎng)之間的相互耦合作用,得到葉輪在交變應(yīng)力作用下的動(dòng)力學(xué)特性。應(yīng)用流固耦合瞬態(tài)聯(lián)合仿真,計(jì)算在流體力作用下高速旋轉(zhuǎn)葉輪內(nèi)部應(yīng)力、應(yīng)變分布以及葉輪變形對(duì)流場(chǎng)分布的反作用,驗(yàn)證葉輪結(jié)構(gòu)特性是否滿足結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)要求。
[Abstract]:As an effective method to treat end-stage heart failure, artificial heart is an alternative to live heart transplantation, which can effectively alleviate the serious shortage of natural heart donors.As the core component of artificial heart, blood pump is required to have better hydraulic performance, hemolytic energy and hydrodynamic performance.For implantable blood pump, it also needs small structure, light weight and less rotating parts.In this paper, the structure of the blood pump prototype is designed for the implanted artificial heart, and its hydraulic performance, hydrodynamic performance and hemolytic energy are analyzed by theoretical calculation, numerical simulation and performance test.To evaluate the whole design index of blood pump.The thesis mainly carries out the following four aspects of research:1) prototype design of blood pump.The blood pump prototype was designed to determine its internal structure layout and overall shape and size.According to the requirements of hydraulic characteristics such as blood pump flow, head and so on, the hydraulic model is obtained by calculating the main parameters of the impeller and water pressure chamber by using the monolithic design theory of centrifugal pump.On this basis, the design of the upper and lower cover plate, supporting structure, rotating shaft and other structural parts of the blood pump is completed, and the components are processed and manufactured to complete the overall assembly.2) Analysis of internal flow characteristics of blood pump and verification of external characteristic test.Using the basic principle of computational fluid dynamics, the whole flow field of blood pump circulatory system is simulated, and the flow parameters of each node in the blood pump are obtained. The throttle opening is changed to realize the damping regulation of the pipeline system, and the flow performance of the blood pump under different working conditions is obtained.The external characteristic test of the blood pump prototype was carried out to verify whether the hydraulic performance satisfied the design requirements and the accuracy of the numerical simulation results.3) Blood compatibility analysis and in vitro hemolysis test verification of blood pump.In view of the limitation of the traditional blood injury model, a new hemolysis estimation model is proposed, and the new model is applied to the hemolysis calculation of the blood pump prototype.The estimated values of hemolysis and the whole hemolysis index of the blood pump were obtained in the course of different erythrocyte granules flowing through the blood pump.In order to verify the accuracy of the new hemolysis model, an in vitro hemolysis test rig was set up, and the hemolysis test was carried out on the prototype of the blood pump, and the results were compared with the results of the new model.4) dynamic analysis of impeller structure of blood pump.Because of the complexity and transient variation of the flow field in the blood pump, the acting force on the impeller surface is alternating stress.In the analysis of impeller structure, the interaction between fluid field and solid field should be considered, and the dynamic characteristics of impeller under alternating stress should be obtained.By using fluid-solid coupling transient simulation, the internal stress, strain distribution and flow field distribution of high-speed rotating impeller are calculated, and the structural characteristics of impeller are verified to meet the requirements of structural dynamics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：R318.11

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本文編號(hào)：1734816