本文選題：正電子發(fā)射斷層成像　切入點(diǎn)：葡萄糖代謝率　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：為了研究葡萄糖在人腦中的代謝過程,通常使用放射性藥物18F-FDG(氟代脫氧葡萄糖)作為示蹤劑,并采用正電子發(fā)射斷層成像技術(shù)對(duì)人腦進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)掃描。葡萄糖在人腦中的代謝過程可以用三室模型來建模,利用FDG-PET成像數(shù)據(jù)可以求解出模型的參數(shù),進(jìn)而可以計(jì)算出大腦各個(gè)區(qū)域的葡萄糖代謝率。本文主要研究了利用FDG-PET數(shù)據(jù)求解三室模型的問題,并提出了兩種易于在臨床上應(yīng)用的FDG-PET定量計(jì)算方法。包括以下內(nèi)容： 第一,三室模型的定量分析方法及其影響因素研究。目前常用的三室模型的定量分析方法有NLS方法、LLS方法、GLLS方法和Patlak圖形法等。本文使用模擬數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)地評(píng)估了這幾種傳統(tǒng)的算法,分析了每種方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和存在的問題。然后,討論了與三室模型相關(guān)的各種理論問題,包括參數(shù)的唯一性,擴(kuò)展區(qū)域的參數(shù),平衡態(tài),PET空間分辨率的影響,延遲掃描方案和使用參考區(qū)域代替輸入函數(shù)等,并使用模擬數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)其中的幾個(gè)問題作了評(píng)估。 第二,獲取輸入函數(shù)的新方法研究。三室模型的定量計(jì)算需要使用模型的輸入函數(shù)和輸出函數(shù)。模型的輸出函數(shù)是組織的放射性時(shí)間活度曲線,可以通過動(dòng)態(tài)PET掃描來獲得；模型的輸入函數(shù)是血漿的放射性時(shí)間活度曲線,在傳統(tǒng)的方法中,血漿時(shí)間活度曲線是由多次動(dòng)脈抽血的方法得到的。在臨床應(yīng)用中,動(dòng)脈抽血存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)且操作繁復(fù),這是定量分析的方法應(yīng)用于臨床的最大障礙。在本文中,我們?cè)谇叭斯ぷ鞯幕A(chǔ)上提出了兩種從圖像獲取輸入函數(shù)的方法,程序的人工干預(yù)成分被減少到最小,從而加快了數(shù)據(jù)處理的效率,校正需要使用的血樣僅分別為兩個(gè)和一個(gè),大大提高了定量分析方法應(yīng)用于臨床的可能性。根據(jù)這些方法的特點(diǎn),在PET設(shè)備的性能進(jìn)一步提高之后,不抽血的方法是完全可能的。
[Abstract]:In order to study the metabolic process of glucose in human brain, the radioactive drug 18F-FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose) is usually used as tracer, and positron emission tomography (PET) is used to scan human brain dynamically.The process of glucose metabolism in human brain can be modeled by a three-compartment model. The parameters of the model can be solved by using FDG-PET imaging data, and the glucose metabolic rate of various regions of the brain can be calculated.In this paper, the problem of using FDG-PET data to solve the three-compartment model is studied, and two kinds of FDG-PET quantitative calculation methods which are easy to be applied in clinic are put forward.Including the following:First, the quantitative analysis method of three-compartment model and its influencing factors.At present, the commonly used quantitative analysis methods of three-compartment model include NLS method, GLLS method, Patlak graph method and so on.In this paper, several traditional algorithms are systematically evaluated using simulated data, and the advantages and problems of each method are analyzed.Then, various theoretical problems related to the three-compartment model are discussed, including the uniqueness of the parameters, the parameters of the extended region, the influence of the spatial resolution of the equilibrium PET, the delayed scanning scheme and the substitution of the reference region for the input function, etc.Several of these problems are evaluated using simulated data.Secondly, the new method of obtaining input function is studied.The quantitative calculation of the three-compartment model requires the use of the input function and the output function of the model.The output function of the model is the time-activity curve of tissue radioactivity, which can be obtained by dynamic PET scanning, and the input function of the model is the radiation-time activity curve of plasma, in the traditional method,The plasma temporal activity curve is derived from multiple arterial blood samples.In clinical application, arterial blood extraction is risky and complicated, which is the biggest obstacle of quantitative analysis in clinical application.In this paper, on the basis of previous work, we propose two methods for obtaining input functions from images. The manual intervention components of the program are reduced to the minimum, thus speeding up the efficiency of data processing.Only two and one blood samples need to be used for correction, which greatly improves the possibility of clinical application of quantitative analysis.According to the characteristics of these methods, after the performance of PET equipment is further improved, it is completely possible not to draw blood.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：R310

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本文編號(hào)：1696562