本文選題：不同材料匹配　切入點：行走步態(tài)　出處：《武漢科技大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：在人工髖關(guān)節(jié)置換臨床手術(shù)中獲得廣泛應用的關(guān)節(jié)材料主要有金屬類，陶瓷類以及聚乙烯等。由于材料組配及相應的接觸力學分析在關(guān)節(jié)生物制造工程中尤為重要，選用合理的材料組配有助于人工關(guān)節(jié)綜合生物摩擦學性能的提高。本文將選取金屬類的典型材料鈷鉻鉬合金（CoCrMo），陶瓷類的典型材料氧化鋁（Al2O3）以及聚乙烯（UHMWPE）材料作為研究對象，采取金屬對金屬（MOM）、金屬對陶瓷（MOC）、陶瓷對陶瓷（COC）、陶瓷對聚乙烯（COP）、金屬對聚乙烯（MOP）五組材料組配，對其進行相應的接觸力學性能分析與比較，了解不同材料組配人工髖關(guān)節(jié)的摩擦、磨損性能，為關(guān)節(jié)生物制造工程提供參考依據(jù)。具體通過以下三個分析過程依次實現(xiàn)： (1)通過對不同材料匹配后的人工髖關(guān)節(jié)施加靜態(tài)載荷，等效模擬人工髖關(guān)節(jié)受載后的接觸效應，分析不同材料匹配人工髖關(guān)節(jié)在施加同等載荷情況下，各自的接觸力學性能并對磨損進行預測。分析說明選擇彈性模量過大或者過小的材料應用在人工髖關(guān)節(jié)上并不理想，通過實驗所選擇材料匹配的人工髖關(guān)節(jié)接觸應力分析，從接觸力學性能方面來考慮人工髖關(guān)節(jié)的磨損情況以及對人工髖關(guān)節(jié)的使用壽命影響，選用金屬對金屬（MOM）和金屬對陶瓷（MOC）匹配的人工髖關(guān)節(jié)，可以獲得更好的接觸力學性能。 (2)根據(jù)人體正常行走步態(tài)情況，繪制人體髖關(guān)節(jié)在正常行走步態(tài)完整周期過程中承受的載荷曲線。通過有限元方法分析人工髖關(guān)節(jié)在正常行走步態(tài)下的接觸應力分布情況，并根據(jù)人工髖關(guān)節(jié)接觸界面上接觸應力變化繪制接觸應力曲線，按照人工髖關(guān)節(jié)界面的接觸應力變化曲線，預測人體正常行走步態(tài)過程中最容易發(fā)生磨損的步態(tài)階段。數(shù)值模擬表明，在人體正常行走步態(tài)周期中，出現(xiàn)單腳支撐身體的行走階段，人工髖關(guān)節(jié)的接觸界面最容易發(fā)生磨損。 (3)根據(jù)人體正常行走步態(tài)情況，髖關(guān)節(jié)承受的動態(tài)載荷及髖關(guān)節(jié)髖臼與股骨頭之間的接觸界面的相對滑動速度，編程離散處理Hamrock and Dowson的最小油膜厚度計算公式，來評定人體正常行走步態(tài)情況下人工髖關(guān)節(jié)接觸界面的潤滑狀態(tài)，通過潤滑效果來預測人工髖關(guān)節(jié)的接觸界面在正常行走過程中的磨損情況。數(shù)值分析表明，，當人體在正常行走情況下，人體處于單腳支撐身體時，髖關(guān)節(jié)接觸界面處于重載荷、低相對滑動速度，這個階段接觸界面之間的最小油膜厚度最小。如金屬對金屬(MOM)、陶瓷對陶瓷(COC)、金屬對陶瓷(MOC)的硬質(zhì)材料人工髖關(guān)節(jié)，潤滑狀態(tài)為混合潤滑和邊界潤滑。以聚乙烯材料為髖臼的人工髖關(guān)節(jié)，潤滑狀態(tài)處于邊界潤滑狀態(tài)。
[Abstract]:Get joint materials are metal widely used in artificial hip joint replacement surgery, ceramic and polyethylene. Due to the material composition and the corresponding contact mechanics analysis is particularly important in the joint bio manufacturing engineering, reasonable selection of materials with group help biotribological properties of artificial joint materials typical improved. Cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy this paper will select the type of metal (CoCrMo), a typical class of alumina ceramic materials (Al2O3) and polyethylene (UHMWPE) as the research object, take the metal on metal (MOM), metal ceramic (MOC), (COC) ceramics to ceramics, ceramic on polyethylene (COP), of metal polyethylene (MOP) group with five groups of materials, we analyzed and compared the contact mechanical properties corresponding to it, to understand the friction of different materials with artificial hip joint wear performance, provide the reference for the joint biological manufacturing engineering. The following three analysis processes are carried out in turn:
(1) by applying a static load on the artificial hip joint of different materials, the equivalent simulation of artificial hip joint contact load effect after the matching of artificial hip joint in the applied analysis of different materials under the same load, the contact mechanics and the wear performance of each forecast. Analysis shows that the choice of elastic modulus is too large or too material the application of small in the artificial hip joint is not ideal, the contact stress analysis of the selected artificial hip joint materials, and to consider the wear of artificial hip joint and the service life of the artificial hip joint effect from the contact mechanical properties, use of metal on metal (MOM) and metal ceramic (MOC) artificial hip joint, contact, can obtain better mechanical properties.
(2) according to the normal human walking gait, load curve of human hip joint under normal gait cycle process. Through the finite element analysis of artificial hip joint contact during normal walking gait of the stress distribution, and according to the artificial hip joint contact interface on the contact stress distribution of contact stress of drawing according to the curve, the artificial hip joint contact stress curve, prediction of human normal walking gait in the most prone to wear the gait phase. Numerical simulation shows that in normal human walking gait cycle, a single foot support body walking phase, the contact interface of artificial hip joint is most prone to wear.
(3) according to normal human gait, hip joints under dynamic load and contact interface between hip acetabulum and femoral head of the relative sliding speed, calculation formula of minimum film thickness Hamrock and Dowson discrete programming processing, to evaluate the lubrication state of contact interface of artificial hip joint for normal human walking state case to predict the wear of the contact interface of artificial hip joint in the normal process of walking through the lubrication effect. The numerical analysis shows that, when the body is in the normal operating conditions, the body is single foot support body, hip joint contact surface under heavy load, low sliding speed, the contact minimum oil film thickness of the interface between the minimum. Such as metal on metal ceramic on ceramic (MOM), (COC), metal ceramic (MOC) of the hard material of artificial hip joint, mixed lubrication lubrication and boundary lubrication with polyethylene. The alkene material is the artificial hip joint of the acetabulum, and the lubrication state is in the state of boundary lubrication.

【學位授予單位】：武漢科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R318.1

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