本文選題：虛擬手術(shù)　切入點：心臟動力　出處：《中南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：心臟是人體血液循環(huán)的動力器官,是非常重要并且復(fù)雜的器官。隨著計算機(jī)三維可視化技術(shù)的發(fā)展,虛擬手術(shù)系統(tǒng)越來越受到人們的重視。虛擬人的誕生為虛擬手術(shù)平臺的實現(xiàn)提供了數(shù)據(jù)來源,本文的心臟動力模型正是基于虛擬人數(shù)據(jù)粒子系統(tǒng)模型。而粒子系統(tǒng)因為對模型有著出色的真實模擬性,已經(jīng)在很多領(lǐng)域都有了廣泛的應(yīng)用。本文針對粒子系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)點及心臟動力模型的難點,利用OpenGL建立了心臟動力模型。 本文的數(shù)據(jù)來源為最原始的虛擬人切片序列。通過對切片特征的深入分析,提出了基于圖像粗糙度的Mean Shift分割算法,基本提取出了心臟各房室及外表的邊緣。然后通過對三維重建各方法比較,確定了利用Marching Cube來進(jìn)行心臟的三維重建,并通過Opengl來顯示及處理三維數(shù)據(jù)。在隨后的心臟動力模型中,通過分析心臟跳動時心室的運(yùn)動,又引入了粒子系統(tǒng)。通過對心室控制點的選擇,建立起控制點的粒子系統(tǒng),并對這些粒子的行為采用彈性力學(xué)來約束。而對于心臟來說,左心室容積是一個比較重要的參數(shù),所以本文除了控制點的粒子系統(tǒng)外,還另外創(chuàng)建了一種容積粒子來測量心室的容積。最后根據(jù)心室跳動在一個周期內(nèi)各個時期的表現(xiàn),模擬出心室跳動中各個時期與左心室容積及心輸出量之間的變化關(guān)系。仿真結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)心臟“跳動”的時候,容積粒子很好的表現(xiàn)出心室容積的變化,當(dāng)心率改變時,心室的搏血量也比較符合實際情況。
[Abstract]:The heart is the dynamic organ of human blood circulation, which is very important and complex organ. With the development of computer 3D visualization technology, People pay more and more attention to virtual surgery system. The birth of virtual human provides the data source for the realization of virtual surgery platform. The cardiac dynamic model in this paper is based on the virtual human data particle system model. It has been widely used in many fields. Aiming at the advantages of particle system and the difficulty of cardiac dynamic model, a cardiac dynamic model based on OpenGL is established in this paper. The source of the data in this paper is the most original virtual human slice sequence. Based on the in-depth analysis of slice features, a Mean Shift segmentation algorithm based on image roughness is proposed. The edges of the atrioventricular and exterior of the heart were basically extracted. Then, by comparing the three dimensional reconstruction methods, we determined the use of Marching Cube to carry out the three-dimensional reconstruction of the heart. In the subsequent cardiac dynamic model, the particle system is introduced by analyzing the ventricular movement while the heart is beating. The particle system of the control point is established by selecting the control point of the ventricle. And the behavior of these particles is constrained by elastic mechanics. The left ventricular volume is an important parameter for the heart, so in this paper, in addition to the particle system at the control point, A volume particle was also created to measure the volume of the ventricle. Finally, according to the performance of the ventricular beat over each period of the cycle, The simulation results show that when the heart "beats", the volume particles show the change of ventricular volume very well, when the heart rate changes, when the heart rate changes, Ventricular systolic blood volume is also more in line with the actual situation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R312;TP391.41

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