本文選題：人牙釉質(zhì)　切入點：微摩擦磨損　出處：《西南交通大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：牙齒是人體消化系統(tǒng)中的重要器官,優(yōu)異的摩擦學特性是其行使生理功能的保證。牙齒主要由牙釉質(zhì)、牙本質(zhì)和牙髓腔構成,其中,外層的牙釉質(zhì)是人體內(nèi)最硬的組織,對咀嚼磨耗有較大的抵抗力。牙釉質(zhì)由占總重量96-97%的無機物以及1-2%有機物和3-4%水所組成。人牙釉質(zhì)是目前尚無法人工復制的一種天然生物材料,研究釉質(zhì)化學組成及其內(nèi)部獨特的天然微結構對其摩擦磨損行為的影響,不僅可以深化對天然生物材料的科學認識,而且可以豐富生物摩擦學和仿生摩擦學的基礎知識,為牙科修復材料的仿生設計提供理論基礎。 本論文采用納米劃痕、納米壓痕等微納米摩擦學測試手段,研究了人牙釉質(zhì)內(nèi)有機物和水分含量對其微摩擦磨損行為的影響,旨在分析人牙釉質(zhì)中有機物和水分與其摩擦磨損機制的關系。研究取得的主要結果和結論如下： 1、經(jīng)次氯酸鈉水溶液萃取表層有機物后,人牙釉質(zhì)表面的納米壓痕硬度無明顯變化；在萃取初期,人牙釉質(zhì)表面的彈性模量迅速減小,隨后減小速度明顯變緩,最后趨于穩(wěn)定。納米劃痕測試結果顯示,人牙釉質(zhì)表面的摩擦系數(shù)隨萃取時間增長略有減小,波動加��；人牙釉質(zhì)表面的劃痕深度隨萃取時間增長而增大,釉質(zhì)磨損加劇。通過SEM圖可以看出,次氯酸鈉萃取有機相時間的增長,表面出現(xiàn)隆起,逐漸呈現(xiàn)明顯的磨屑及材料去除現(xiàn)象,由劃痕溝槽內(nèi)往溝槽外擴展堆積。進一步的微觀分析結果還顯示,經(jīng)次氯酸鈉水溶液萃取表層有機物后,釉質(zhì)內(nèi)的羥基磷灰石顆粒尺寸變大。 2、人牙釉質(zhì)表層的含水量對其納米力學性能和微摩擦磨損行為存在顯著影響。隨著干燥時間增長,牙釉質(zhì)表面的彈性模量減小,納米壓痕硬度增大。納米劃痕實驗結果顯示,隨著干燥時間增長,牙釉質(zhì)表面摩擦系數(shù)增大,且呈現(xiàn)顯著波動,劃痕深度增加,磨損加劇。微觀分析結果顯示,經(jīng)干燥脫水處理后,人牙釉質(zhì)表層局部出現(xiàn)空隙,干燥時間越長,空隙越明顯�？梢�,人牙釉質(zhì)內(nèi)的水分對其具有明顯的潤滑作用,可以減小釉質(zhì)表面的摩擦磨損。脫水干燥的人牙釉質(zhì)試樣經(jīng)浸水處理后,其表層的摩擦磨損性能可以得到一定程度的恢復,摩擦系數(shù)和磨損量均呈現(xiàn)明顯降低。這可能是由于溶液中的水分通過吸附在釉質(zhì)表面,與釉質(zhì)表層的羥基磷灰石晶體結合,構成晶體的水合外層,使得牙齒的摩擦磨損性能得以恢復。
[Abstract]:Teeth are important organs in the human digestive system, and their excellent tribological properties are the guarantee of their physiological functions. Teeth are mainly made up of enamel, dentin and pulp cavity, and the outer enamel is the hardest tissue in the human body. The enamel is made up of 96-97% inorganic material, 1-2% organic matter and 3-4% water. Human enamel is a kind of natural biological material which can not be artificially copied. The study of the chemical composition of enamel and the influence of its unique natural microstructure on its friction and wear behavior can not only deepen the scientific understanding of natural biomaterials, but also enrich the basic knowledge of biological tribology and bionic tribology. It provides a theoretical basis for the bionic design of dental restoration materials. In this paper, the effects of organic matter and moisture content in human enamel on the micro-tribological behavior of human enamel were studied by means of nano-scratch and nano-indentation. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between organic matter and moisture in human enamel and its friction and wear mechanism. The main results and conclusions are as follows:. 1. After the surface organic matter was extracted by sodium hypochlorite solution, the hardness of nano-indentation on the surface of human tooth enamel did not change obviously, and at the beginning of extraction, the elastic modulus of the surface of human tooth enamel decreased rapidly, then the decreasing rate of enamel surface decreased obviously. Finally, the results of nano-scratch test showed that the friction coefficient of human enamel surface decreased slightly with the increase of extraction time, and the fluctuation increased, and the scratch depth of human enamel surface increased with the increase of extraction time. The wear of enamel was aggravated. It can be seen from SEM diagram that the time of extraction organic phase of sodium hypochlorite increased, the surface appeared bulge, and gradually showed obvious wear debris and material removal phenomenon. The microcosmic analysis also showed that the size of hydroxyapatite particles in enamel increased after the surface organic matter was extracted by sodium hypochlorite solution. 2. The moisture content of human enamel surface has a significant effect on the nano-mechanical properties and micro-friction and wear behavior. With the increase of drying time, the elastic modulus of enamel surface decreases and the hardness of nano-indentation increases. With the increase of drying time, the friction coefficient of enamel surface increased, and showed obvious fluctuation, the scratch depth increased and the wear increased. The results of microcosmic analysis showed that after drying and dehydration, there was a gap in the surface of enamel. The longer the drying time is, the more obvious the void is. It can be seen that the moisture in human enamel has obvious lubricating effect on the enamel surface, which can reduce the friction and wear on the enamel surface. The friction and wear properties of the surface layer can be recovered to a certain extent, and the friction coefficient and the wear amount are decreased obviously, which may be due to the fact that the water in the solution binds to the hydroxyapatite crystal of the enamel surface by adsorption on the enamel surface. The hydrated outer layer of the crystal can restore the friction and wear properties of the teeth.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TB30;R783.1

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