本文選題：前十字韌帶損傷　切入點：疲勞　出處：《深圳大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：前十字韌帶是膝關(guān)節(jié)四大主要韌帶之一,是穩(wěn)固膝關(guān)節(jié)的一個主要結(jié)構(gòu)。前十字韌帶損傷是體育運動中最常見的韌帶損傷之一,經(jīng)常發(fā)生在變向、急停、旋轉(zhuǎn)和跳下等運動中。疲勞被認為是前十字韌帶損傷的一個非常重要的神經(jīng)肌肉因素,相關(guān)的統(tǒng)計研究顯示疲勞狀態(tài)下運動員的前十字韌帶損傷風險明顯高于非疲勞情況下的。亞體感噪音在姿態(tài)平衡控制和觸覺感知領(lǐng)域的研究成果表明亞體感噪音能增強體感反饋,感知更微弱的信號;然而,對于亞體感噪音能否能降低前十字韌帶損傷風險的相關(guān)研究還是一片空白。因此,本研究有兩個主要目的:一是從膝關(guān)節(jié)生物力學的角度揭示疲勞對前十字韌帶損傷風險的影響機理;二是創(chuàng)新的研究亞體感噪音對預(yù)防前十字韌帶損傷的潛在作用。32名男性受試者參與本實驗,16名受試者在疲勞以及有亞體感噪音干預(yù)和無亞體感噪音干預(yù)作用下完成跳下和突然變向?qū)嶒炄蝿?wù),另外16名受試者在非疲勞以及有亞體感噪音干預(yù)和無亞體感噪音干預(yù)作用下完成跳下和突然變向?qū)嶒炄蝿?wù)。本實驗的亞體感噪音由微型馬達振動產(chǎn)生。采用VICON運動捕捉系統(tǒng)和Bertec測力臺收集受試者在實驗過程中的運動學和動力學數(shù)據(jù),對實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行分析,綜合疲勞和亞體感噪音得到以下結(jié)論:(1)受試者在疲勞條件下執(zhí)行跳下實驗任務(wù)過程的膝屈曲角增大。受試者通過增大落地時的膝屈曲角來減小地面沖擊,試圖降低前十字韌帶損傷的風險。(2)受試者在疲勞條件下執(zhí)行跳下實驗任務(wù)時的膝旋轉(zhuǎn)角和旋轉(zhuǎn)力矩明顯增大。膝旋轉(zhuǎn)角和旋轉(zhuǎn)力矩增大直接增加了前十字韌帶的負荷。受試者在疲勞條件下的膝旋轉(zhuǎn)角和旋轉(zhuǎn)力矩增大可能是由于疲勞使得肌肉骨骼系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生的肌肉力減小導(dǎo)致動作產(chǎn)生變形引起的。另外,受試者在疲勞條件下,身體的運動控制能力減弱,身體的協(xié)調(diào)性變差也可能導(dǎo)致膝旋轉(zhuǎn)角和旋轉(zhuǎn)力矩增大。(3)在亞體感噪音干預(yù)作用下,受試者在疲勞條件下落地初始和雙腿支撐的膝垂直方向力明顯大于非疲勞條件下的;而在沒有亞體感噪音干預(yù)作用下,受試者在疲勞條件下落地初始和雙腿支撐的膝垂直方向力明顯小于非疲勞條件下的。亞體感噪音干預(yù)和疲勞存在交互效應(yīng),可能改變了疲勞狀態(tài)下膝關(guān)節(jié)附近的肌肉活動。(4)本實驗用亞體感噪音預(yù)防前十字韌帶損傷,除受試者在非疲勞條件下落地初始的膝屈曲角和雙腿支撐的膝屈曲角峰值有顯著地改善外,其余的生物力學參數(shù)都沒有明顯的改善。亞體感噪音可能并不適合應(yīng)用于預(yù)防前十字韌帶損傷,因為前十字韌帶損傷經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在高難度且高強度的運動上,而亞體感噪音增強體感反饋的能力可能有限,并不能顯著地改變執(zhí)行高難度且高強度運動時的膝關(guān)節(jié)生物力學特性。
[Abstract]:The anterior cruciate ligament of knee joint is one of the four major ligaments, is one of the main structural stability of the knee joint. ACL injury is one of the most common ligament injury in sports, often occurs in turn, stop, rotate and jumped in sports. Fatigue is considered a very important nerve muscle anterior cruciate ligament injury factors, statistical research related to the athletes' fatigue condition display ACL injury risk was significantly higher than that in non fatigue conditions. The noise in the sense of posture balancing control and tactile perception research results show that the noise sub sub body sense body can enhance the somatosensory feedback signal perception is more weak; however, for the Research of somatosensory noise can reduce the sub risk of injury of anterior cruciate ligament is still blank. Therefore, this study has two main purposes: one is from the angle of knee joint biomechanics reveal fatigue The influence mechanism of the risk of injury of anterior cruciate ligament; two is the innovation of Asia to participate in the study of somatosensory noise damage prevention of anterior cruciate ligament of the potential role of.32 in male subjects, 16 subjects in fatigue and sub body noise and non noise sub somatosensory intervention intervention completed by the jump and suddenly turned to the experimental task, the other 16 subjects in non fatigue and sub body noise and non noise sub somatosensory intervention intervention completed by the jump and suddenly turned to the experimental task. In this experiment the sub body noise generated by micro motor vibration. The kinematics and dynamics of the data with the VICON motion capture system and Bertec forcemeasurement were collected during the experiment, the experimental data were analyzed, a sense of fatigue and comprehensive noise sub body gets the following conclusions: (1) subjects performed the jump knee flexion angle in the process of experimental tasks under fatigue condition Increase. Subjects by increasing knee flexion angle when landing to reduce the ground impact, trying to reduce the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury. (2) the subjects to perform experimental tasks in jump fatigue condition of the knee rotation angle and rotation torque increases. The knee rotation angle and torque increase directly increased the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee load. The subjects in fatigue under the condition of rotation angle and rotating torque increase may be due to fatigue the musculoskeletal system to produce muscle force deformation caused by the resulting action. In addition, the subjects in the fatigue condition, weaken the body's motion control ability, poor physical coordination may also lead to increased knee rotation and rotation moment. (3) in the sub somatosensory noise intervention under the action of vertical force, knee subjects and legs in the initial landing support under fatigue condition is much higher than that of non fatigue conditions; and In the absence of sub somatosensory noise intervention under the action of vertical force, knee subjects and legs in the initial landing support under fatigue condition was significantly lower than that in non fatigue conditions. There is an interaction effect of sub somatosensory noise interference and fatigue, may change the muscle activity around knee joint under fatigue condition. (4) the the sub somatosensory noise prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injury, in addition to the subjects in the initial landing non fatigue under the condition of knee flexion angle of knee flexion angle and double support peak significantly improved, biomechanical parameters of the rest are not significantly improved. The noise may not be suitable for sub body used in anterior cruciate injury prevention because the ligament, anterior cruciate ligament injury often occurs in high difficulty and high intensity, and enhance the ability of noise sub somatosensory somatosensory feedback may be limited, did not significantly change the implementation of high difficulty and high intensity movement The biomechanical properties of the knee joint.

【學位授予單位】：深圳大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R318.01

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