本文選題：人造血管　切入點(diǎn)：聚氨酯　出處：《武漢紡織大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：血管類疾病常常會(huì)危及到人們的生命安全問題,例如:動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化、炎癥性血管疾病、功能性血管疾病、損傷性血管疾病、腫瘤性血管疾病等。臨床上用于移植的血管按來源進(jìn)行劃分可分為自體和人造兩種,但是自體血管來源有限且手術(shù)難度較大,因此人造血管的研發(fā)一直是國內(nèi)外研究的熱點(diǎn)問題之一。本文以聚氨酯-聚己內(nèi)酯復(fù)合體系作為研究對象,將傳統(tǒng)濕法紡絲工藝與紡織中的自動(dòng)繞紗機(jī)相結(jié)合研制出了新型的人造血管制備方式,通過有序調(diào)控纖維呈現(xiàn)的區(qū)域,形成連續(xù)相擁的四層結(jié)構(gòu)。此方法制備的人造血管不僅改善了浸提法制備的人造血管壁厚不均的問題,而且具有良好的生物相容性、力學(xué)性能、抗折皺性能、抗疲勞性和水滲透性。采用SEM、Instron萬能強(qiáng)力機(jī)等多種分析手段對人造血管的結(jié)構(gòu)、形貌、力學(xué)性質(zhì)進(jìn)行表征;根據(jù)ISO7198所述研制出新的表征手段對人造血管的抗折皺性能和水滲透性能進(jìn)行表征。對研制出的制備人造血管的設(shè)備進(jìn)行反復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn),通過大量的重復(fù)試驗(yàn)和數(shù)據(jù)建模可知,若想得到表面均勻致密的人造血管則人造血管匝間的法向螺距等于長絲直徑;排線步進(jìn)電機(jī)的速度和繞線主軸的轉(zhuǎn)速之積等于滾軸絲桿螺距和長絲直徑之積;灌注量與繞線速度和長絲直徑成正比關(guān)系。凝固浴的長度和紡絲原液中聚氨酯-聚己內(nèi)酯的固含量可以影響人造血管的拉伸斷裂強(qiáng)度。當(dāng)固含量不變時(shí),隨著凝固浴長度的增加,人造血管的軸向、徑向拉伸斷裂強(qiáng)度呈現(xiàn)先增加后減小的趨勢。當(dāng)凝固浴長度一定時(shí),隨著固含量的增加,人造血管的軸向、徑向拉伸強(qiáng)度也呈先增加后減少的趨勢。因此當(dāng)凝固浴長度為50cm,聚氨酯-聚己內(nèi)酯紡絲原液的固含量為18%時(shí),人造血管的軸向、徑向拉伸斷裂強(qiáng)度最大即人造血管的力學(xué)性能越好。當(dāng)固含量不變時(shí),凝固浴長度越短,人造血管在軸向和徑向方向上的力學(xué)損失越少即抗疲勞性能越好。當(dāng)凝固浴長度相同時(shí),固含量越大人造血管的軸向抗疲勞性就越差,徑向方面則是固含量越多人造血管的徑向抗疲勞性越好。當(dāng)凝固浴長度為60cm,紡絲原液中聚氨酯-聚己內(nèi)酯固含量為20%時(shí),人造血管的抗折皺性能最佳,已經(jīng)完全可以滿足運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)血管的彎折程度。水滲透量隨凝固浴長度的增加而變大,隨紡絲原液中聚氨酯-聚己內(nèi)酯固含量增加而增加。
[Abstract]:Vascular diseases often endanger people's lives, such as atherosclerosis, inflammatory vascular diseases, functional vascular diseases, damaged vascular diseases, Tumor vascular diseases and so on. The blood vessels used for transplantation in clinic can be divided into autologous and artificial blood vessels according to their sources, but the autologous blood vessels are limited in origin and difficult to operate on. Therefore, the research and development of artificial blood vessels has been one of the hot issues at home and abroad. By combining the traditional wet spinning process with the automatic spinning machine in textile, a new type of artificial blood vessel preparation method was developed. The artificial blood vessels prepared by this method not only improve the uneven wall thickness of the artificial blood vessels prepared by the extraction method, but also have good biocompatibility, mechanical properties and wrinkle resistance. Fatigue resistance and water permeability. The structure, morphology and mechanical properties of artificial blood vessels were characterized by means of SEMN Instron universal strength machine. According to ISO7198, a new characterization method was developed to characterize the anti-crease performance and water permeability of artificial blood vessels, and repeated experiments were carried out on the equipment for the preparation of artificial blood vessels, which can be seen from a large number of repeated tests and data modeling. The normal pitch between turns of the artificial blood vessel is equal to the filament diameter if the surface is uniform and compact, the product of the speed of the wire stepping motor and the rotating speed of the winding spindle is equal to the product of the screw pitch and the diameter of the filament. The volume of perfusion is proportional to the winding speed and filament diameter. The length of coagulation bath and the solid content of polyurethane-polycaprolactone in spinning solution can affect the tensile fracture strength of artificial blood vessel. With the increase of the length of coagulation bath, the axial tensile strength and radial tensile strength of artificial blood vessel increase first and then decrease. When the length of coagulation bath is constant, the axial strength of artificial blood vessel increases with the increase of solid content. The radial tensile strength increased first and then decreased. Therefore, when the length of coagulation bath was 50 cm and the solid content of polyurethane / polycaprolactone spinning solution was 18cm, the axial direction of the artificial blood vessel was obtained. The greater the radial tensile strength is, the better the mechanical properties of the artificial blood vessels are. The shorter the coagulation bath length is when the solid content is constant, The less mechanical losses in axial and radial directions, the better the anti-fatigue performance of artificial blood vessels. When the length of coagulation bath is the same, the axial fatigue resistance of artificial blood vessels increases with the same solid content. The radial aspect is that the more solid the artificial blood vessel, the better the radial fatigue resistance. When the length of coagulation bath is 60 cm, and the solid content of polyurethane-polycaprolactone in spinning solution is 20, the artificial blood vessel has the best anti-wrinkle performance. The amount of water permeation increases with the increase of coagulation bath length and the content of polyurethane-polycaprolactone in spinning solution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢紡織大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R318.11

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