本文選題：全息成像　切入點(diǎn)：熒光成像　出處：《華中科技大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：對生命的探索一直是人類的研究熱點(diǎn)。在生命科學(xué)研究中,熒光標(biāo)記技術(shù)和光學(xué)成像技術(shù)的結(jié)合,使得能夠觀測到介觀層面信息,銜接上了現(xiàn)有的宏觀與微觀信息,對生命科學(xué)研究具有重要意義。然而通用的熒光光學(xué)成像方法需要通過掃描得到三維信息,無法對三維熒光信息同時(shí)記錄。全息成像技術(shù)可在非掃描條件下記錄樣品的三維信息,排除掃描過程對時(shí)間的消耗。其關(guān)鍵在于采用干涉方法記錄下物光的完整信息。熒光是一種寬帶光,熒光全息中如何實(shí)現(xiàn)熒光干涉是其中的難點(diǎn)；此外,熒光的信號強(qiáng)度較弱,全息又是一種離焦探測方式,如何充分利用熒光的信號強(qiáng)度是實(shí)現(xiàn)熒光全息成像的關(guān)鍵。 本文以實(shí)現(xiàn)熒光非掃描三維成像的需求為驅(qū)動(dòng),結(jié)合熒光信號的低相干度和弱信號強(qiáng)度特點(diǎn),系統(tǒng)深入地研究了寬帶弱信號光的全息探測方法,以及干涉系統(tǒng)的光程差(Optical Path Difference, OPD)理論,基于此研究結(jié)果提出了一種適合于探測寬帶弱信號光的雙球面波自全息(Self-interference Holography, SH)成像方法,基于此方法建立的雙球面波自全息探測系統(tǒng)解決了現(xiàn)有系統(tǒng)不能同時(shí)滿足高信噪比和高相干度要求的難題,為實(shí)現(xiàn)寬帶弱信號光的全息探測提供了有效途徑。本文從系統(tǒng)成像效果,分辨率和拉格朗日不變量(Lagrange invariant)三個(gè)方面展開研究。 (1)研究了干涉系統(tǒng)的光程差變化,發(fā)現(xiàn)采用雙球面波干涉時(shí)可靈活控制并減小系統(tǒng)的光程差,在信號強(qiáng)度高的小記錄距離處就可實(shí)現(xiàn)高相干度干涉,滿足了探測寬帶弱信號光的高信噪比和高相干度要求。實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證發(fā)現(xiàn),采用此方法可以有效地解出波前信息,且系統(tǒng)的信噪比可提高3-20倍(與具體記錄參數(shù)有關(guān))。 (2)研究了自全息系統(tǒng)的分辨率,特別是雙球面波自全息系統(tǒng)的分辨率變化規(guī)律和引起分辨率變化的因素,并用實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了理論分析。分析發(fā)現(xiàn)在球面波參考光系統(tǒng)中,可通過增加像方數(shù)值孔徑來提高分辨率。與利用橫向放大率來提高分辨率的平面波參考光系統(tǒng)相比,球面波參考光系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是可在上述信號強(qiáng)度高且光程差小的近焦面提高分辨率。從而在保證系統(tǒng)分辨率的同時(shí),也保證了系統(tǒng)的信噪比和相干度。 (3)發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)全息系統(tǒng)滿足“空間非相干,參考光和物光都包含物體信息,用來重建像的波前是參考光與物光的共軛乘積”三個(gè)條件時(shí),光學(xué)成像系統(tǒng)中的拉格朗日不變量不再成立。發(fā)現(xiàn)并證實(shí)了自全息成像系統(tǒng)的橫向放大率和角放大率可以不受拉格朗日不變量限制而獨(dú)立變化。
[Abstract]:In life science research, the combination of fluorescence labeling and optical imaging technology makes it possible to observe mesoscopic information, connecting the existing macro and micro information. It is important for life science research. However, the general fluorescent optical imaging method needs to obtain 3D information by scanning. 3D fluorescence information cannot be recorded at the same time. Holographic imaging technology can record 3D information of a sample under non-scanning conditions, The key is to use interference method to record the complete information of object light. Fluorescence is a kind of broadband light, in which how to realize fluorescence interference in fluorescence holography is difficult; in addition, the intensity of fluorescence signal is relatively weak. Holography is also a defocus detection method. How to make full use of fluorescence signal intensity is the key to realize fluorescence holographic imaging. In this paper, the holographic detection method of wideband weak signal is studied, which is driven by the requirement of realizing fluorescence non-scanning 3D imaging and combining with the characteristics of low coherence and weak signal intensity of fluorescence signal. Based on the theory of optical path difference Path difference (OPDs), a double spherical self-holographic (SHI) imaging method for detecting wideband weak signal light is proposed. The dual spherical surface wave autoholographic detection system based on this method solves the problem that the existing system can not meet the requirements of high signal-to-noise ratio and high coherence at the same time. It provides an effective approach for holographic detection of wideband weak signal light. This paper studies the imaging effect of the system, the resolution and Lagrange invariant of Lagrange invariant. 1) the variation of optical path difference of the interference system is studied. It is found that the optical path difference of the system can be flexibly controlled and reduced by using double spherical surface wave interference, and high coherence interference can be realized at the small recording distance with high signal intensity. It meets the requirement of high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and high coherence for detecting wideband weak signal light. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively solve the wavefront information, and the SNR of the system can be increased by 3-20 times (related to the specific recording parameters). (2) the resolution of autoholographic system, especially the resolution of double spherical surface wave autoholographic system, and the factors causing the resolution change are studied. The theoretical analysis is verified by the experimental results. It is found that in the spherical wave reference light system, The resolution can be improved by increasing the image square numerical aperture. The advantage of the spherical wave reference optical system is that it can improve the resolution in the near focal plane with high signal intensity and low optical path difference, thus ensuring the resolution of the system as well as the signal-to-noise ratio and coherence of the system. It is found that when the holographic system satisfies the three conditions of "spatial incoherence, reference light and object light containing object information, and the wavefront used for image reconstruction is the conjugate product of reference light and object light", The Lagrangian invariants in the optical imaging system are no longer valid. It is found that the lateral and angular magnification of the autoholographic imaging system can vary independently without the Lagrange invariants.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R310

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

1 顏樹華,戴一帆,呂海寶,李圣怡;利用光束整形器件陣列消除電尋址空間光調(diào)制器的"黑柵"效應(yīng)[J];光學(xué)技術(shù);2003年02期

2 顏樹華,戴一帆,呂海寶,李圣怡;電尋址空間光調(diào)制器“黑柵”效應(yīng)的消除方法[J];光子學(xué)報(bào);2002年11期

3 ;Femtosecond pulse laser scanning using Acousto-Optic Deflector[J];Science in China(Series G:Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy);2009年05期

，

本文編號：1561604