發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-31 00:00

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 膽紅素 無創(chuàng)光學(xué)檢測 血紅蛋白 浮動(dòng)基準(zhǔn)理論 蒙特卡洛模擬　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：膽紅素代謝異常會(huì)引起一系列的疾病,嚴(yán)重地危害著人們的健康,因此,臨床上把血清膽紅素濃度作為日常肝、膽功能檢查中的一項(xiàng)重要生理指標(biāo)。目前臨床人體膽紅素濃度檢測方法主要為有創(chuàng)的血清膽紅素檢測,這種方法需要取血,會(huì)對患者造成疼痛不適感和感染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),且不能進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)地膽紅素濃度監(jiān)測。無創(chuàng)光學(xué)膽紅素檢測方法以其無創(chuàng)、快速、簡單等特點(diǎn)在臨床膽紅素檢測中發(fā)揮了重要作用,但目前市場上應(yīng)用無創(chuàng)光學(xué)膽紅素檢測方法的產(chǎn)品如經(jīng)皮膽紅素監(jiān)測儀等普遍精度不高,只能用于新生兒黃疸疾病的初次篩查,妨礙了產(chǎn)品的推廣使用。 為了使用浮動(dòng)基準(zhǔn)理論提高膽紅素檢測的精度,研究了無創(chuàng)光學(xué)膽紅素檢測的特點(diǎn),通過計(jì)算和總結(jié)膽紅素檢測相關(guān)的各項(xiàng)皮膚模型光學(xué)參數(shù),在可見光波段特定檢測波長下進(jìn)行蒙特卡洛模擬,得到隨膽紅素濃度變化不同徑向位置擴(kuò)散反射光的分布特性,發(fā)現(xiàn)未能找到膽紅素檢測的基準(zhǔn)位置,這是由于膽紅素在可見光波段具有強(qiáng)吸收的獨(dú)特光學(xué)性質(zhì)引起的;隨后基于純吸收介質(zhì)中的基準(zhǔn)波長理論,計(jì)算并通過實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了膽紅素在524nm存在基準(zhǔn)波長,進(jìn)一步研究了此波長用于光譜修正的效果。此波長處的吸光度有望用于去除實(shí)際測量中的背景噪聲和環(huán)境干擾,進(jìn)而提高膽紅素檢測的精度。 此外,研究了血紅蛋白在膽紅素檢測波段的光學(xué)特性,分析了血紅蛋白對膽紅素光學(xué)檢測尤其是在偏最小二乘回歸(Partial Least Squares Regression,PLS )建模中對膽紅素預(yù)測模型的影響。通過實(shí)驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)膽紅素水溶液中加入血紅蛋白,使PLS建模過程中引進(jìn)了血紅蛋白的吸收噪聲,增加了建模的主成分?jǐn)?shù)量,改變了對建模貢獻(xiàn)最大波長的位置;結(jié)合PLS評價(jià)指標(biāo)發(fā)現(xiàn)血紅蛋白的加入使模型預(yù)測均方根誤差(Root Mean Square Error of Prediction,RMSEP)增大了24.90%,相關(guān)系數(shù)減小了0.29%,即血紅蛋白降低了模型對膽紅素濃度的預(yù)測能力和擬合能力。因此,實(shí)際測量中必須考慮去除血紅蛋白的影響,才能進(jìn)一步提高臨床膽紅素檢測的精度,使膽紅素檢測適用于更廣泛的人群。
[Abstract]:Abnormal metabolism of bilirubin can cause a series of diseases and seriously harm people's health. Therefore, serum bilirubin concentration is regarded as daily liver in clinic. It is an important physiological index in the examination of biliary function. At present, the main method of detection of bilirubin concentration in clinical human body is the invasive detection of serum bilirubin, which needs to take blood. Can cause pain discomfort and risk of infection, and can not be real-time monitoring of bilirubin concentration. Non-invasive optical bilirubin detection method with its non-invasive, rapid. Simple features play an important role in the detection of bilirubin in clinic, but the general accuracy of non-invasive optical bilirubin detection products such as percutaneous bilirubin monitor is not high. It can only be used for the primary screening of neonatal jaundice disease, which hinders the promotion and use of the product. In order to improve the accuracy of bilirubin detection using floating benchmark theory, the characteristics of noninvasive optical bilirubin detection were studied. The optical parameters of various skin models related to bilirubin detection were calculated and summarized. Monte Carlo simulation was carried out at a specific detection wavelength in the visible light band, and the distribution of diffusive reflected light at different radial positions with the change of bilirubin concentration was obtained, and the reference position of bilirubin detection could not be found. This is due to the unique optical properties of bilirubin in the visible light band. Based on the theory of reference wavelength in pure absorption medium, the existence of reference wavelength of bilirubin at 524nm was calculated and verified by experiments. The absorbance at this wavelength is expected to be used to remove background noise and environmental interference in actual measurement and improve the accuracy of bilirubin detection. In addition, the optical properties of hemoglobin in bilirubin detection band were studied. The optical detection of bilirubin by hemoglobin was analyzed, especially in partial Least Squares Regression. The effect of PLS on bilirubin prediction model was studied. It was found that hemoglobin was added to bilirubin solution, which led to the introduction of hemoglobin absorption noise in the modeling process of PLS. The number of principal components in modeling is increased, and the position of maximum wavelength for modeling is changed. Combined with the PLS evaluation index, it was found that the root Mean Square Error of Prediction could be predicted by adding hemoglobin. RMSEPs increased 24.90 percent, and the correlation coefficient decreased 0.29, that is, hemoglobin reduced the model's ability to predict and fit bilirubin concentrations. In order to improve the accuracy of clinical bilirubin detection, the effect of hemoglobin removal must be considered in the actual measurement, and the bilirubin detection can be applied to a wider range of people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R318.51

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