尖銳濕疣患者宮頸高危型人乳頭瘤病毒感染情況的調(diào)查及人乳頭瘤病毒臨床和亞臨床感染治療的研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-02-08 21:13
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 人乳頭瘤病毒 尖銳濕疣 宮頸癌 氨基酮戊酸 光動力治療 冷凍治療 出處:《北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院》2012年博士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
【摘要】:尖銳濕疣患者宮頸高危型人乳頭瘤病毒感染情況的調(diào)查及人乳頭瘤病毒臨床和亞臨床感染治療的研究 背景和目的:人類乳頭瘤病毒(human papillomavirus, HPV)是一種環(huán)狀雙鏈脫氧核糖核酸(deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA)病毒。目前發(fā)現(xiàn)的100多種HPV型別中,約40多種可特異性的感染肛門生殖器部位的皮膚和粘膜。按照HPV所導(dǎo)致皮損的性質(zhì),人們把HPV型別分為高危型(high risk, HR)和低危型(low risk, LR)。大量研究表明,宮頸HR-HPV感染是宮頸上皮內(nèi)瘤變(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, CIN)和宮頸癌發(fā)病的必要條件。LR-HPV6、11在尖銳濕疣組織中是最常見的型別。流行病學(xué)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),部分免疫功能正常的尖銳濕疣(condylomata acuminata, CA)患者疣組織中同時合并LR-HPV和HR-HPV(?)感染,最常見合并感染的HR型別是HPV16。丹麥和瑞典科學(xué)家分別進(jìn)行的隊(duì)列研究都提示:CA患者有較高的發(fā)生宮頸痛或?qū)m頸原位癌的危險。但是并沒有直接的數(shù)據(jù)說明CA患者宮頸HR-HPV感染幾率是否大于普通女性。女性宮頸持續(xù)感染高危型HPV不但為宮頸癌的發(fā)生埋下隱患,而且增加了病毒在性伴侶之間相互傳播的機(jī)會。對于宮頸HR-HPV的亞臨床感染,盡管人們已經(jīng)意識到其危害性,但是目前并沒有一種被證實(shí)有效的方法來消除宮頸HPV感染。相對于傳統(tǒng)的治療方法,5—氨基酮戊酸結(jié)合光動力治療(photodynamic therapy using aminolevulinic acid, ALA-PDT)對于數(shù)目較少或體積較小的CA有較高的治愈率和較低的復(fù)發(fā)率。其作用機(jī)制除了對CA組織增生活躍細(xì)胞的光毒性作用以外,有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)ALA-PDT本身有抗病毒的作用,但是目前沒有關(guān)于ALA-PDT抗HPV及相關(guān)機(jī)制的研究。由于受到皮膚角質(zhì)層和細(xì)胞膜的阻擋,ALA在皮膚組織中的滲透有限,這是ALA-PDT對體積較大或數(shù)目較多CA療效不佳的原因。不同程度的冷凍治療可以造成組織結(jié)構(gòu)和細(xì)胞膜的破壞甚至壞死。理論上,皮膚角質(zhì)層和角質(zhì)形成細(xì)胞膜連續(xù)性的破壞可以增加ALA的滲透,繼而能提高ALA-PDT的療效。綜上所述,本實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康氖牵?、調(diào)查女性尖銳濕疣患者宮頸HR-HPV的感染狀況,從而明確是否有對這部分患者進(jìn)行宮頸HR-HPV檢測和隨訪的必要性;2、研究ALA-PDT對Hela細(xì)胞內(nèi)HPV18E6、E7基因表達(dá)的影響,從而探索除了細(xì)胞死亡途徑,ALA-PDT是否還存在其他抗HPV感染的機(jī)制;3、研究冷凍聯(lián)合ALA-PDT作用于Hela細(xì)胞的效應(yīng),以比較聯(lián)合治療的療效是否優(yōu)于單獨(dú)治療;4、研究ALA-PDT治療宮頸HR-HPV亞臨床感染的臨床療效;5、研究 冷凍聯(lián)合ALA-PDT治療肛門外生殖器部位體積較大或數(shù)量較多尖銳濕疣的臨床療效。 方法: 1尖銳濕疣女性患者宮頸高危型人乳頭瘤病毒感染情況的調(diào)查: 1.1用第二代基因雜交捕獲(hybrid capture-Ⅱ, HC-Ⅱ)人乳頭瘤病毒的方法檢測142例外陰尖銳濕疣女性患者及212例健康女性宮頸脫落細(xì)胞HR-HPVDNA; 1.2將兩組宮頸HR-HPV感染的陽性率及病毒載量進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計學(xué)比較,得到外陰尖銳濕疣患者宮頸HR-HPV感染率和病毒載量與普通人群比較的統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異。 25—氨基酮戊酸結(jié)合光動力治療單獨(dú)或聯(lián)合冷凍治療對Hela細(xì)胞凋亡及HPV18病毒相關(guān)基因表達(dá)的影響: 2.1將Hela細(xì)胞分為治療1組(20%ALA-PDT),治療2組(1%ALA-PDT),治療3組(0.1%ALA-PDT),治療4組(0.002%ALA-PDT),治療5組(冷凍加0.002%ALA-PDT),對照組(冷凍組),空白組(無冷凍無ALA-PDT)。 2.2分別給予各組相應(yīng)的方法處置,12h后,用流式細(xì)胞儀(flow cytometry, FCM)檢測各組細(xì)胞的凋亡情況,用逆轉(zhuǎn)錄聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)(reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, RT-PCR)檢測各組細(xì)胞中人乳頭癌病毒18E6、E7mRNA的表達(dá)情況,quantity one4.6.2凝膠定量軟件進(jìn)行灰度分析。 35—氨基酮戊酸結(jié)合光動力治療宮頸高危型人乳頭瘤病毒業(yè)臨床感染的臨床療效研究: 3.1將35例宮頸HR-HPV陽性患者隨機(jī)分為ALA-PDT治療組和無治療的對照組; 3.2治療組治療1次后、對照組從第一次檢測到高危型人乳頭瘤病毒陽性后,三個月復(fù)查宮頸人乳頭瘤病毒感染情況。 3.3比較兩組檢測結(jié)果和副反應(yīng)。用統(tǒng)計產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)解決方案17.0軟件(statistical product and service solutions, SPSS17.0)對實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析。 4冷凍聯(lián)合5—氨基酮戊酸光動力治療與冷凍單獨(dú)治療多發(fā)性尖銳濕疣臨床療效的隨機(jī)對照研究 4.180例多發(fā)性尖銳濕疣的患者隨機(jī)分為兩組,分別接受冷凍加5—氨基酮戊酸光動力治療(n=40)和冷凍加安慰劑光動力治療(n=40)。冷凍疣體之后在患處及周圍5mm范圍外敷5—氨基酮戊酸或安慰劑溶液,3h之后用紅光(波長635nm,100mW/cm2,100J/cm2)照射15min。如皮損未消退7天后重復(fù)治療。 4.2比較兩組的完全反應(yīng)率、復(fù)發(fā)率和副作用。 結(jié)果: 1. HR-HPV陽性率,尖銳濕疣組為54.2%(77/142),健康對照組為13.2%(28/212),兩組陽性率有顯最著差異(P0.05)。病毒載量(relative light units/positive control, RLU/PC),尖銳濕疣組1~1024例,10-10016例,100~100022例,≥100015例。健康對照組1-1010例,10-10010例,100-10007例,≥10001例,尖銳濕疣組病毒載量≥1000者與對照組比較有顯著差異(P0.05)。 2.各組Hela細(xì)胞流式細(xì)胞儀檢測結(jié)果:治療1組10.84%存活,0.23%凋亡,86.01%死亡;治療2組8.59%存活,14.83%凋亡,74.54%死亡;治療3組81.17%存活,2.80%凋亡,8.55%死亡;治療4組83.98%存活,1.66%凋亡,11.16%死亡;治療5組18.06%存活,10.80%凋亡,67.99%死亡;對照組23.05%存活,9.40%凋亡,58.85%死亡;空白組88.78%存活,1.00%凋亡,7.63%死亡。各組Hela細(xì)胞人乳頭瘤病毒18E6、E7mRNA表達(dá)情況:治療1組、2組、3組、4組、5組、對照組E7mRNA分別為空白組的26.81%、41.20%、61.83%、71.75%、70.30%、93.26%;治療1組、2組E6mRNA沒有表達(dá),3組、4組、5組、對招租E6mRNA分別為空白組的34.02%、49.76%、41.67%、97.67%。 3.治療組共17人,其中10人高危型人乳頭瘤病毒轉(zhuǎn)陰,7人陽性。對照組18人中1人高危型人乳頭瘤病毒轉(zhuǎn)陰,17人陽性。治療組與對照組間轉(zhuǎn)陰率有顯著差異(P0.05)。治療組中的副反應(yīng)包括輕度到中度的疼痛、水腫、糜爛,沒有發(fā)生治療部位的感染、潰瘍、瘢痕及畸形。 4.2次治療后,聯(lián)合治療組(冷凍加5—氨基酮戊酸光動力治療)和冷凍組在肛周,尿道口和外生殖器尖銳濕疣的完全反應(yīng)率分別為32.4%(36/111)和32.6%(43/132)(P0.05),100%(32/32)和54.5%(18/33)(P0.05),94.2%(129/137)和50.5%(56/111)(P0.05);復(fù)發(fā)率分別為24.3%(27/111)和31.1%(41/132)(P0.05),9.4%(3/32)和39.4%(13/33)(P0.05),3.6%(5/137)和31.5%(35/111)(P0.05)。兩組的副反應(yīng)包括輕度到中度疼痛、水腫、糜爛和色素沉著,無感染、潰瘍、瘢痕或尿道口畸形。 結(jié)論: 1.外陰尖銳濕疣患者宮頸HR-HPV陽性率和高病毒載量者較普通人群顯著增高,應(yīng)重視這部分患者宮頸HR-HPV的檢測和隨訪。 2.5—氨基=酮戊酸結(jié)合光動力治療可以抑制Hela細(xì)胞內(nèi)人乳頭瘤病毒18E6、E7mRNA的表達(dá);冷凍可增強(qiáng)5—氨基酮戊酸結(jié)合光動力治療對Hela細(xì)胞的殺傷效應(yīng)和對細(xì)胞內(nèi)人乳頭瘤病毒18E6、E7mRNA表達(dá)的抑制作用。 3.5—氨基酮戊酸結(jié)合光動力治療是一種安全、有效的治療宮頸人乳頭瘤病毒感染的方法。 4.相對于冷凍單獨(dú)治療,冷凍聯(lián)合5—氨基酮戊酸光動力治療肛門外生殖器多發(fā)性尖銳濕疣是一種更加有效的治療方案。
[Abstract]:Investigation of high risk human papillomavirus infection in patients with condyloma acuminata and the study of the clinical and subclinical infection of human papillomavirus
Background and objective: human papillomavirus (human papillomavirus HPV) is a double stranded DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA) virus. The 100 kinds of HPV type, about 40 kinds can specifically infect the anogenital area of the skin and mucosa. According to the nature of lesions lead to HPV, people the HPV type is divided into high-risk (high risk, HR) and low risk (low risk, LR). A large number of studies show that cervical HR-HPV infection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cervical intraepithelial, neoplasia, CIN) and a necessary condition for cervical cancer is the most common type of.LR-HPV6,11 in condyloma acuminatum epidemiology. The survey found that part of the normal immune function in condyloma acuminatum (condylomata acuminata, CA) in patients with verruca combined with LR-HPV and HR-HPV (?) infection, the most common infection of type HR is HPV16. Denmark and Sweden A cohort study were all typical scientists that have a higher risk of cervical pain or cervical cancer patients with CA. But there is no direct data on CA patients with cervical HR-HPV infection rate is higher than ordinary women. Women cervical high-risk HPV persistent infection not only for cervical cancer lay hidden, but also increase the spread of the virus in the interaction between sex partners. For the chance of cervical HR-HPV subclinical infection, although people have been aware of the danger, but there is no a proven method to eliminate cervical HPV infection. Compared to traditional therapy, photodynamic therapy combined with 5 - aminolevulinic acid (photodynamic therapy using aminolevulinic acid, ALA-PDT) for fewer or smaller CA has high cure rate and low recurrence rate. The mechanism of CA in addition to increasing life Step light cytotoxic effect, studies have found that ALA-PDT itself has antiviral effects, but there is no research on ALA-PDT anti HPV and related mechanism. Due to the barrier layer and the cell membrane by skin keratinocytes, ALA infiltration in skin tissue is limited, which is why ALA-PDT on the larger volume or number of poor outcome in CA. Different degrees of freezing treatment can cause tissue structure and cell membrane damage or necrosis. In theory, the stratum corneum of the skin keratinocytes and destroy the cell membrane continuity can increase the penetration of ALA, which can improve the curative effect of ALA-PDT. To sum up, the purpose of this study is: 1, infection in patients with cervical condyloma acuminatum HR-HPV, so if there is a clear need for cervical HR-HPV detection and follow-up of these patients; 2, ALA-PDT on Hela HPV18E6 cells, E7 gene expression. In order to explore sound, in addition to cell death pathway, ALA-PDT whether there are other anti HPV infection mechanism; 3, study on the effect of cryotherapy combined with ALA-PDT in Hela cells, whether combination therapy is better than the single effect comparison of treatment; 4, study on ALA-PDT treatment of cervical HR-HPV subclinical infection in the clinical curative effect of the bed; 5, study
The clinical efficacy of cryosurgery combined with ALA-PDT in the treatment of larger or more condyloma acuminata at the location of the anus genitals.
Method錛,
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