本文關(guān)鍵詞：天津地區(qū)淺部真菌病發(fā)病情況調(diào)查　出處：《天津醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 天津地區(qū) 真菌皮膚病 淺部真菌病 流行病學(xué)

【摘要】：目的 調(diào)查天津地區(qū)的淺部真菌病患者組成與病種分布情況,分析各類(lèi)型淺部真菌病在不同性別、年齡、季節(jié)等條件下的變化趨勢(shì),從而提供理論依據(jù)以提升臨床醫(yī)生對(duì)淺部真菌病的認(rèn)識(shí),也為抗真菌藥物的使用提供較安全與合理的參考數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)淺部真菌病達(dá)到及早診斷及早治療的目的。 方法 選取2012年1月-2012年12月期間至天津醫(yī)科大學(xué)總醫(yī)院皮膚科就診的患者,對(duì)擬診淺部真菌病患者進(jìn)行真菌化驗(yàn)檢查,取患處的皮屑、指(趾)甲屑、毛發(fā)、黏膜分泌物等標(biāo)本,進(jìn)行顯微鏡下檢查,必要時(shí)移至沙氏瓊脂SDA培養(yǎng)基進(jìn)行真菌培養(yǎng),結(jié)果為陽(yáng)性者列入統(tǒng)計(jì)資料,收集其性別、年齡、職業(yè)等基本資料,依照病種、發(fā)病季節(jié)、性別、年齡等指標(biāo)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)整理與分類(lèi),軟件采用SPSS16.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行分析,按α=0.05檢驗(yàn)水準(zhǔn),P0.05則差別具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。 結(jié)果 真菌直接鏡檢為陽(yáng)性或真菌培養(yǎng)結(jié)果為陽(yáng)性的病例共計(jì)1152例,男性患者為608例,女性患者為544例,年齡1—84歲,其中生殖器念珠菌病占首位,共413例,占全部病例的35.8%,第二位為甲癬,共179例,占15.5%,第三位為股癬,共163例,占14.1%,第四位為足癬,共146例,占12.6%,第五位為體癬,共103例,占8.9%,第六位為花斑癬,共54例,占4.6%,第七位為手癬,共38例,占3.2%,第八位為馬拉色菌毛囊炎,共25例,占2.1%,第九位為頭癬,共21例,占1.8%,第十位為口腔念珠菌病,共10例,占0.8%。男性患者占59.2%,女性患者占40.8%。男性淺部真菌病患病率高于女性,男女兩性之間存在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上差異(P0.01)。不同年齡層分組中,青幼年組病例數(shù)為202例(占17.5%),青中年組病例數(shù)為711例(占61.7%),老年組病例數(shù)為239例(占20.8%),不同年齡層組之間存在的差異是具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義的(P0.01),從低年齡層到高年齡層的淺部真菌病病大部分皆呈現(xiàn)先上升后下降的發(fā)病趨勢(shì),且于青中年組(19歲-50歲)年齡層段達(dá)到峰值后逐漸下降。各類(lèi)淺部真菌病第一季度到第二季度呈現(xiàn)陡峭的上升趨勢(shì),在第三季度的水平最高,至第四季度過(guò)程中呈現(xiàn)下落趨勢(shì)。在各臨床類(lèi)型甲癬中,遠(yuǎn)端側(cè)位甲下型(DLSO),共118例,占總患病比率的65.9%,在發(fā)病數(shù)上趾甲甲癬高于指甲甲癬,足癬臨床分型中則以水皰鱗屑型占據(jù)最高的優(yōu)勢(shì)地位,共89例,占總患病比率的60.9%。 結(jié)論 本文通過(guò)對(duì)天津醫(yī)科大學(xué)總醫(yī)院皮膚科病人淺部真菌病的流行病學(xué)調(diào)查,發(fā)現(xiàn)生殖器念珠菌病在天津地區(qū)有著較高的發(fā)病率,除此之外甲癬、股癬、足癬的發(fā)病率居前三位,此外淺部真菌病的發(fā)病率分布受性別、年齡、季節(jié)、職業(yè)等因素影響,根據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析顯示男女之間在病種的發(fā)病率方面存在差異,患病高發(fā)年齡層在青中年組(19歲～50歲),高發(fā)季節(jié)為2、3季度,淺部真菌病分布趨勢(shì)雖具備自身特點(diǎn),但大致符合國(guó)內(nèi)外其他相關(guān)研究,本研究為本地區(qū)的臨床醫(yī)生提高對(duì)淺部真菌病的認(rèn)識(shí),給予診斷治療的合理化依據(jù)和借鑒。
[Abstract]:Purpose To investigate the composition and distribution of superficial mycosis in Tianjin area, and analyze the change trend of different types of superficial mycosis under different sex, age, season and other conditions. Thus, the theoretical basis is provided to enhance the clinicians' understanding of superficial mycosis, to provide safe and reasonable reference data for the use of antifungal drugs, and to achieve the purpose of early diagnosis and treatment of superficial mycosis. Method From January 2012 to December 2012, the patients who went to the Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, were examined by fungal test and the dander of the affected area was taken. Finger (toe) nail dust, hair, mucosal secretions and other specimens were examined under the microscope, when necessary moved to the salsa Agar SDA medium for fungal culture, the results showed that the positive cases were included in the statistical data and collected their sex. Age, occupation and other basic data, according to the disease, disease season, sex, age and other indicators for systematic sorting and classification, the software was analyzed by SPSS16.0 statistical software. The difference was statistically significant according to 偽 -0.05 test level (P0.05). Results There were 1152 cases of positive fungi or positive fungal culture, 608 cases of male patients and 544 cases of female patients aged 1-84 years. Among them genitalia candidiasis accounted for the first 413 cases accounting for 35.8m the second was onychomycosis 179 cases (15.5%) and the third was tinea cruris (163 cases). Accounting for 14.1, 4th for tinea pedis, a total of 146 cases, accounting for 12.6, 5th for tinea corporis, a total of 103 cases, accounting for 8.9, 6th for tinea versicolor, a total of 54 cases, accounting for 4.6%. 7th cases were tinea capitis (38 cases, 3.2%), 8th cases were Malassezia folliculitis (25 cases, 2.1%), 9th cases were tinea capitis (21 cases, 1.8%), 10th cases were oral candidiasis. There were 10 cases (0.8%). 59.2% of male patients and 40.8% of female patients. The prevalence of superficial mycosis in males was higher than that in females. There was statistical difference between male and female (P 0.01). In different age groups, 202 cases (17.5%) were young and young. There were 711 cases (61.7%) in the middle-aged group and 239 cases (20.8%) in the elderly group. The difference between different age groups was statistically significant (P 0.01). Most of the superficial mycosis from the lower age group to the high age group showed the trend of rising first and then decreasing. After reaching the peak, all kinds of superficial mycosis showed a steep upward trend from the first quarter to the second quarter, the highest level in the third quarter. Among the clinical types of onychomycosis, there were 118 cases of distal lateral subnail type of DLSO, accounting for 65.9% of the total incidence. The incidence of toenail and tinea was higher than that of nail nail and tinea pedis had the highest dominant position in clinical classification of psoriasis with blister scale type (89 cases) accounting for 60.9% of the total incidence. Conclusion Through epidemiological investigation of superficial mycosis in dermatology department of General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, we found that genital candidiasis has a high incidence in Tianjin, in addition to onychomycosis and tinea cruris. The incidence of tinea pedis is the first three. In addition, the incidence of superficial mycosis is affected by sex, age, season, occupation and so on. According to the statistical analysis, there are differences in the incidence of diseases between men and women. The age group with high incidence of the disease was 19 years old and 50 years old, and the high incidence season was 2 ~ 3 seasons. Although the distribution trend of superficial mycosis had its own characteristics, it was roughly in line with other related studies at home and abroad. This study provides reasonable basis for diagnosis and treatment of superficial mycosis for clinicians in this area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R756

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