無(wú)機(jī)焦磷酸酶(PPA1)在脂肪細(xì)胞分化過(guò)程中的功能研究
[Abstract]:Adipose tissue is an important organ to regulate the energy balance of the body. Adult adipocytes have about 10% renewal every year, and the higher the BMI is, the higher the rate of adipocyte renewal is required. Abnormal adipocyte differentiation is closely related to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Mitochondria are the main sites for oxidative phosphorylation and energy supply in cells. The function of mitochondria in adipocytes is closely related to the differentiation and regeneration of adipocytes. Inorganic pyrophosphatase (Inorganic Pyrophosphatase,PPA1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of one molecule of inorganic pyrophosphoric acid to two molecules of phosphate ions. In recent years, many studies have shown that PPA1 is related to the high energy metabolism of cells and to the activation of cells. Previous laboratory studies found that PPA1 expression was more abundant in adipose tissue than in other tissues, and the change of PPA1 expression in type 2 diabetic mice fed with high fat had the same trend as that reported in the literature. Therefore, the effect of PPA1 on adipocyte differentiation was studied. At the cellular level, we investigated the effects of PPA1 on adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 precursor adipocytes. The results showed that the expression of PPA1 increased gradually during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and its expression increased with the increase of cell differentiation efficiency. Interfering with PPA1 could significantly inhibit the adipogenic ability of 3T3-L1 adipocytes, insulin sensitivity and cytokine expression in the late stage of differentiation, and this effect was not related to the proliferation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We observed the morphology of the cells by transmission electron microscope and found that interfering with PPA1 made the mitochondria appear cristolysis and swelling in the early stage of differentiation, but in the late stage of differentiation, The number of mitochondria in PPA1 interference group was more than that in control group, but its morphology was short. By further detecting the genes regulating mitochondrial fission fusion, we found that the expression of mitochondrial fusion related gene Mfn1,Mfn2 and mitochondrial mitotic related gene Drp1 decreased. It was suggested that interfering with PPA1 disturbed the balance of mitochondrial fission and fusion. On this basis, we detected mitochondrial function and found that the expression of genes related to mitochondrial respiratory chain, mitochondrial transport, fatty acid metabolism and tricarboxylic acid cycle were also decreased in varying degrees. At the animal level, we studied the Drosophila melanogaster model which interfered with the PPA1 homologous gene Nurf38. It was found that interfering with Nurf38 shortened the larva length, decreased lipid droplets in fat body cells, increased the ratio of nucleus and plasma, and decreased the content of triglyceride in the body of Drosophila melanogaster. In the investigation of adult fly, it was found that interference with Nurf38 reduced the yield of adult fly, in which male adult fly yield was only 1 / 2 of that of control group. The male adult flies were tested with low sugar starvation. The fruit flies in the Nurf38 group died earlier and the mortality rate was high. The ability to resist hunger was greatly reduced. In conclusion, we studied the role of PPA1 gene in adipose differentiation at the cellular level and animal level, and preliminarily discussed its possible mechanism, which provides a reference for the study and application of PPA1 gene function.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:南京醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】:R58
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