【摘要】：目的:調(diào)查青島社區(qū)老年人骨質(zhì)疏松癥(OP)的知識了解情況、知識獲取途徑并分析影響因素,探討在微信模式下的健康教育對社區(qū)老年骨質(zhì)疏松癥患者的生活質(zhì)量的影響。方法:首先選取青島某社區(qū)診斷老年骨質(zhì)疏松癥的患者120例作為研究對象,采用骨質(zhì)疏松知識測試(OKT)及美國簡明健康測量表(SF-36)修訂中文版作為研究用的調(diào)查問卷,對上述選取的120例調(diào)查對象,進行問卷調(diào)查,分析調(diào)查對象OP的分析調(diào)查對象OP的患病現(xiàn)狀及影響因素;然后按隨機數(shù)字表的方法進行隨機分組,將納入的調(diào)查對象分為干預(yù)組及對照組各60例。對照組研究對象接受骨質(zhì)疏松高危因素、運動指導(dǎo)、鈣知識及其他相關(guān)知識的普通社區(qū)教育;干預(yù)組利用微信(一種電子公眾社交平臺)的便捷性,在對照組之上增加了微信健康教育。即通過微信設(shè)立“骨質(zhì)疏松家園群聊”,呈現(xiàn)的形式結(jié)合了圖文、音頻、視頻及動畫等,實現(xiàn)了實時的用藥和戶外活動提醒和指導(dǎo)。在進行健康教育干預(yù)12個月之后,再采用上述相同的問卷進行現(xiàn)場問卷調(diào)查并評定結(jié)果,包括兩組老年骨質(zhì)疏松癥患者對骨質(zhì)疏松癥知識了解的程度、危險行為因素的改變情況以及生理、心理等多維度變化的情況。結(jié)果:1.青島社區(qū)老年骨質(zhì)疏松癥患者的基本情況調(diào)查,試驗前兩組年齡、性別、身高、體重及受教育水平等及OKT知識量表評分差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。2.干預(yù)組經(jīng)過12個月的微信健康管理干預(yù)后OKT知識量表評分與試驗前相比增高,差別有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(t=16.5,P=0.000)。3.青島社區(qū)老年骨質(zhì)疏松癥患者均存在較多骨質(zhì)疏松癥的高危行為,試驗后干預(yù)組缺乏運動、少食豆制品及奶制品、久坐、吸煙、缺乏日光照射、喜食素食、大量飲用咖啡及濃茶均較干預(yù)前有降低,差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。4.試驗后干預(yù)組SF-36的各維度評分中,PF、BP、RP、GH、VT、SF及MH分值提高并較對照組差異均有顯著性(P0.05)。對照組試驗后SF-36的各維度評分中,PF、RP、BP及GH的得分降低,試驗前后差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。干預(yù)組試驗后SF-36評分中,PF、BP、GH、VT、SF得分較前上升,試驗前后差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。結(jié)論:1.青島社區(qū)老年骨質(zhì)疏松癥的患者的常識掌握缺乏周全及科學(xué)性,存在較多的高危行為。2.微信健康教育較一般教育更能減少老年人骨質(zhì)疏松癥的高危生活行為,從心理、生理及社會功能等多方面改善老年骨質(zhì)疏松患者的生活質(zhì)量。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the knowledge, knowledge acquisition and influencing factors of (OP) in elderly patients with osteoporosis in Qingdao community, and to explore the effect of health education under WeChat mode on the quality of life of elderly patients with osteoporosis in the community. Methods: one hundred and twenty patients with senile osteoporosis in a community in Qingdao were selected as the study subjects. (OKT) of osteoporosis knowledge and revised Chinese version of American brief Health scale (SF-36) were used as the questionnaire for the study. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 120 subjects selected above. The prevalence status and influencing factors of OP were analyzed in the subjects of OP. The subjects were divided into intervention group (n = 60) and control group (n = 60). The subjects of the control group received general community education on high risk factors of osteoporosis, exercise guidance, calcium knowledge and other related knowledge. The intervention group used the convenience of WeChat, an electronic public social platform, to add WeChat health education to the control group. Namely through WeChat set up "Osteoporosis Homeland chat", the present form combines the picture text, the audio frequency, the video and the animation and so on, has realized the real-time medication and the outdoor activity reminder and the instruction. After 12 months of intervention in health education, the same questionnaire was used to conduct field surveys and assess the results, including the extent to which the two groups of elderly patients with osteoporosis knew about osteoporosis. The change of risk behavior factors and the change of physiology and psychology. The result is 1: 1. There was no significant difference in age, sex, height, weight, education level and OKT knowledge scale score between the two groups before the trial (P0.05). After 12 months of WeChat health management intervention, the scores of OKT knowledge scale in the intervention group were significantly higher than those before the trial (tr 16.5 P < 0.000). 3. The elderly patients with osteoporosis in Qingdao community all had high risk behaviors of osteoporosis. After the trial, the intervention group lacked exercise, ate less soybean products and dairy products, sat long, smoked, lacked sunlight, and liked to eat vegetarian food. Large quantities of coffee and strong tea were lower than before intervention, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). The scores of PF,BP,RP,GH,VT,SF and MH in each dimension of SF-36 in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P0.05). In the control group, the scores of PF,RP,BP and GH decreased in each dimension score of SF-36 after the experiment, the difference before and after the experiment was statistically significant (P0.05). In the SF-36 score of the intervention group, the PF,BP,GH,VT,SF score was higher than that of the former, and the difference was statistically significant before and after the trial (P0.05). Conclusion: 1. The common sense of the elderly patients with osteoporosis in Qingdao community is lack of comprehensive and scientific knowledge, and there are more high risk behaviors. 2. WeChat health education can reduce the high risk behaviors of osteoporosis and improve the quality of life of elderly patients with osteoporosis in many aspects such as psychology physiology and social function.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R580

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