【摘要】：肥胖是一種影響機體健康的代謝疾病,飲食誘導(dǎo)的肥胖是肥胖研究的主要模型。表觀遺傳是DNA序列不改變的條件下,發(fā)生的可遺傳的變異。研究肥胖的表觀遺傳學(xué)問題,首先要確定脂肪沉積是否為可遺傳的表觀遺傳現(xiàn)象。是本研究以線蟲作為肥胖模型,高濃度的葡萄糖可以誘導(dǎo)線蟲脂肪沉積增加。選取秀麗隱桿線蟲為研究對象有以下原因：生長周期短、較大的孵化率、遺傳操作簡單,突變體種類齊全,RNA干擾容易實現(xiàn)。對線蟲進行高濃度葡萄糖飲食誘導(dǎo),再進行普通飲食的飼喂,發(fā)現(xiàn)脂肪沉積增加具有表觀遺傳現(xiàn)象。我們選取了1 mM和5 mM葡糖糖,分別對野生型N2線蟲誘導(dǎo)2代,誘導(dǎo)的第二代定義為P0,之后線蟲在普通培養(yǎng)基上飼喂。發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個濃度的葡糖糖誘導(dǎo)均引起的脂肪沉積的增加。這種脂肪沉積的增加至少可以遺傳5代,轉(zhuǎn)入普通飲食飼喂的線蟲分別稱為F1、F2、F3、F4、F5。而且1 mM葡萄糖誘導(dǎo)后與普通飲食的對照組相比,脂肪沉積的增加在各代均達到了顯著水平。運用定量PCR檢測PO至F5代線蟲β一氧化相關(guān)基因的表達,發(fā)現(xiàn)有些基因的表達發(fā)生了顯著變化。進一步說明,確定了脂肪沉積具有表觀遺傳的現(xiàn)象。在線蟲中表觀遺傳與組蛋白甲基化修飾以及組蛋白乙�；揎椣嚓P(guān)。定量PCR分別檢測了這幾個修飾相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵基因,發(fā)現(xiàn)組蛋白甲基化修飾和乙�；揎椈虻谋磉_量顯著變化。線蟲的遺傳背景的改變影響線蟲的脂肪沉積,在突變體tph-1中進行1 mM葡萄糖誘導(dǎo),發(fā)現(xiàn)這個突變體的脂肪沉積增加不具有表觀遺傳現(xiàn)象。說明血清素信號通路,可能影響線蟲脂肪沉積的表觀遺傳。綜上所述。mM和5 mM葡萄糖誘導(dǎo)的野生型N2線蟲脂肪沉積的增加,具有表觀遺傳現(xiàn)象。因為,1 mM葡糖糖誘導(dǎo)的線蟲脂肪沉積在各代的均顯著增加。因此,選取1 mM葡糖糖誘導(dǎo)即可達到實驗?zāi)康�。定量PCR檢測β-氧化相關(guān)基因,也得到了證實。檢測與表觀遺傳相關(guān)的組蛋白修飾的關(guān)鍵基因的表達,發(fā)現(xiàn)線蟲脂肪沉積的表觀遺傳受組蛋白的甲基化修飾以及乙�；揎椨绊�。通過tph-1突變體的實驗,證明血清素信號通路可能影響了線蟲脂肪沉積的表觀遺傳。
[Abstract]:Obesity is a metabolic disease that affects the health of the body. Diet induced obesity is the main model of obesity research. Epigenetics is a heritable variation that occurs under the condition that the DNA sequence does not change. To study the epigenetic problem of obesity, it is necessary to determine whether fat deposition is an epigenetic phenomenon. In this study, nematodes were used as obesity models, and high glucose could induce increased fat deposition of nematodes. The main reasons of this study were as follows: short growth cycle, high hatching rate, simple genetic operation and easy RNA interference of mutants. The nematodes were induced by high concentration glucose diet and fed with common diet. It was found that the increase of fat deposition was an epigenetic phenomenon. 1 mm and 5 mm glucosaccharide were used to induce wild-type N2 nematodes for 2 generations, the second generation was defined as P0, and then the nematodes were fed on ordinary culture medium. It was found that both concentrations of glucosaccharide induced an increase in fat deposition. This increase in fat deposition can be inherited for at least 5 generations, and the nematodes fed on a general diet are called F1F2F3F3F4F5. After 1 mm glucose induction, the increase of fat deposition reached a significant level in all generations compared with the control group. Quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of 尾 -oxidation-related genes in nematodes from PO to F5 generation, and it was found that the expression of some genes changed significantly. Further, the epigenetic phenomenon of fat deposition was confirmed. Epigenetics is associated with histone methylation and histone acetylation modification. Quantitative PCR was used to detect the key genes related to histone methylation and acetylation respectively, and the expression levels of histone methylation and acetylated modifiers were significantly changed. The change of genetic background of nematode affected the fat deposition of nematodes, and 1 mm glucose was induced in the mutant tph-1. It was found that the increase of fat deposition of the mutant had no epigenetic phenomenon. The results suggest that serotonin signaling pathway may affect the epigenetic of nematode fat deposition. To sum up, the increase of fat deposition induced by. Mm and 5 mm glucose in wild-type N 2 nematode showed epigenetic phenomenon. The fat deposition of nematodes induced by 1 mm glucosaccharide increased significantly in all generations. Therefore, 1 mm glucose induction can achieve the purpose of the experiment. Quantitative PCR detection of 尾-oxidation related genes has also been confirmed. The expression of key genes related to histone modification was detected. It was found that the epigenetic inheritance of nematode fat deposition was affected by histone methylation and acetylation modification. The experiment of tph-1 mutants showed that serotonin signaling pathway may affect the epigenetic of nematode fat deposition.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R589.2;Q78

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