【摘要】：目的分析唐山市職業(yè)人群甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)的患病情況及相關(guān)影響因素,為唐山市甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)的防治工作提供理論依據(jù),以期降低甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)在健康人群中的患病率。方法采用問卷調(diào)查、體格檢查、甲狀腺超聲檢查方法,收集2013年10月~2014年10月進(jìn)行健康體檢的醫(yī)務(wù)人員、大學(xué)教師、公安干警、銀行職員、公務(wù)員、廠企工人6種職業(yè)人群的信息資料。根據(jù)納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共納入8500名調(diào)查對象,其中男性4488名,女性4012名,年齡23~75歲。應(yīng)用SPSS17.0對所有數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析,計數(shù)資料采用百分率(%)表示,組間率的比較采用卡方(χ2)檢驗;相關(guān)影響因素分析采用多因素非條件Logistic回歸分析。檢驗水準(zhǔn):P0.05為有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。結(jié)果1唐山市8500名職業(yè)人群檢出甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)3245例,甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)患病率為38.2%;按年齡分組,不同年齡組甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)患病率比較,有統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(χ2=607.990,P0.01),隨著年齡的增長,甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)患病率呈增長趨勢(χ2=580.392,P0.01)。按性別因素分層,隨著年齡增長,男和女性甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)患病率都呈升高趨勢(男性:χ2=285.408,P0.01;女性:χ2=312.315,P0.01);按性別分組,女性甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)患病率(44.8%)明顯高于男性(32.3%)(χ2=139.781,P0.01)。按年齡因素分層,女性結(jié)節(jié)患病率在20~、30~、40~、50~、≥60歲組中均高于男性(χ2分別=8.161,23.958,93.371,22.482,15.877;P均0.01);按不同職業(yè)分組,6種不同職業(yè)間甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)的患病率不同(χ2=7.057,P0.01),醫(yī)務(wù)人員、大學(xué)教師、公安干警、銀行職員、公務(wù)、廠企工人患病率經(jīng)年齡標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化后比較,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化率分別為51.0%、38.3%、32.1%、38.7%、34.6%、34.7%,其中醫(yī)務(wù)人員患病率最高,然后依次為銀行職員、大學(xué)教師、廠企工人、公務(wù)員、公安干警。2單因素分析:體重指數(shù)、常吃海產(chǎn)品、壓力、不良情緒、處事態(tài)度、焦慮、甲狀腺家族史、甲狀腺疾病史、血壓、血糖與甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)患病率有關(guān)(P均0.05)。多因素Logistic回歸分析:矯正后,性別、年齡、職業(yè)、體重指數(shù)、壓力、不良情緒、處事態(tài)度、焦慮、有甲狀腺家族史、高血壓、高血糖是甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)的獨立影響因素(P均0.05)。結(jié)論1唐山市職業(yè)人群甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)患病率較高,女性明顯高于男性,患病率均隨著年齡增長而顯著升高。不同職業(yè)間甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)的患病率不同,經(jīng)年齡標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化后比較,職業(yè)風(fēng)險高、壓力大的醫(yī)務(wù)人員患病率最高,然后依次為銀行職員、大學(xué)教師、廠企工人、公務(wù)員、公安干警。2性別、年齡、職業(yè)、BMI、壓力、不良情緒、焦慮、處事態(tài)度、有甲狀腺家族史、高血壓、高血糖為甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)的獨立影響因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the prevalence of thyroid nodule in the occupational population of Tangshan and its related influencing factors, and to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of thyroid nodule in Tangshan City, in order to reduce the prevalence rate of thyroid nodule in healthy population. Methods Medical staff, university teachers, police officers, bank employees and civil servants were collected by questionnaire, physical examination and thyroid ultrasound examination from October 2013 to October 2014. Information materials of 6 kinds of occupational groups of factory workers. According to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, a total of 8500 subjects were included, including 4488 males and 4012 females aged 2375 years. All the data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 17.0, the counting data were expressed as percentage (%), the rate between groups was compared by chi-square test (蠂 ~ 2), and the correlation factors were analyzed by multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis. The test level of 0. 05 is statistically significant. Results (1) 3245 cases of thyroid nodules were detected in 8500 occupational population in Tangshan City, the prevalence rate of thyroid nodules was 38.2%, and there was statistical difference in the prevalence of thyroid nodules among different age groups according to age group (蠂 2 + 607.990 P 0.01), and with the increase of age, there was a significant difference between the two groups. The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules showed an increasing trend (蠂 ~ 2 ~ 2 ~ (580.392) P _ (0.01). According to sex factors, the prevalence rate of thyroid nodules in both males and females increased with age (蠂 2 285.408 P 0.01 for males and 312.315 P0.01 for females), and the prevalence rate of thyroid nodules in females (44.8%) was significantly higher than that in males (32.3%) (蠂 2139.781P0.01). According to age factors, the incidence of thyroid nodules in women was higher than that in men (蠂 2 = 8.161 鹵23.95893.371or 22.48215.877, P 0.01, respectively), and the prevalence rate of thyroid nodules was different among 6 different occupations (蠂 27.057P0.01), medical staff, university teachers, police officers, medical staff, university teachers, police officers and police officers. After age standardization, the prevalence rates of bank workers, public servants and factory workers were 51.0% and 38.3%, respectively. The standardized rate was 38.1% and 38.7% respectively. The medical workers had the highest prevalence rate, followed by bank clerks, university teachers, factory workers, and civil servants. Single factor analysis: body mass index (BMI), frequent consumption of seafood, stress, bad mood, attitude to business, anxiety, family history of thyroid gland, history of thyroid disease, blood pressure and blood sugar were related to the prevalence of thyroid nodule (all P 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex, age, occupation, body mass index, stress, bad emotion, attitude to business, anxiety, family history of thyroid gland, hypertension and hyperglycemia were independent influencing factors of thyroid nodule after correction (P 0.05). Conclusion 1 the prevalence rate of thyroid nodules in the occupational population in Tangshan City was higher than that in the male population, and the prevalence rate increased with the increase of age. The prevalence rate of thyroid nodule was different among different occupations. Compared with age standardization, the prevalence rate of thyroid nodule was the highest among the medical staff with high occupational risk and high pressure, followed by bank staff, university teachers, factory and enterprise workers, and civil servants. Gender, age, occupational BMIs, stress, bad mood, anxiety, attitude to work, family history of thyroid gland, hypertension and hyperglycemia were independent influencing factors of thyroid nodule.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R581.3

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