本文選題：酵母脂多糖 + 肥胖　； 參考：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：背景肥胖與脂肪組織的增多相關(guān),并且通常伴隨著高脂血癥、炎癥和血栓同時(shí)出現(xiàn)。通過(guò)營(yíng)養(yǎng)干預(yù)來(lái)控制甚至治療肥胖及其并發(fā)癥的研究是十分必要的。酵母脂多糖作為食品添加劑對(duì)機(jī)體的有益作用十分廣泛。酵母脂多糖可以通過(guò)聚集膽汁酸、降低腸道前部的活動(dòng)和促進(jìn)纖維消化來(lái)降低機(jī)體內(nèi)的膽固醇水平,因此它作為一種潛在的降膽固醇添加劑而引起廣泛關(guān)注。目的本試驗(yàn)的目的是研究酵母脂多糖對(duì)飼喂高脂肪日糧小鼠的脂質(zhì)代謝、生化指標(biāo)、抗氧化活性、病理?yè)p傷和基因表達(dá)的影響。方法選取60只平均體重為23g的4周齡雌性ICR小鼠,隨機(jī)分為四組,分別為一個(gè)陰性對(duì)照組和三個(gè)高脂肪日糧組。A組小鼠飼喂正常飲食作為陰性對(duì)照組,B組小鼠飼喂高脂肪日糧作為陽(yáng)性對(duì)照組,C組小鼠飼喂高脂肪日糧的同時(shí)給予低劑量酵母脂多糖(劑量為250mg/kg,每周經(jīng)口飼喂三次),D組小鼠飼喂高脂肪日糧的同時(shí)給予高劑量酵母脂多糖(劑量為450mg/kg,每周經(jīng)口飼喂三次)。小鼠在20-24℃,相對(duì)濕度為50-70%,12小時(shí)光照-12小時(shí)黑暗,飼喂正常日糧的條件下飼養(yǎng)一周以適應(yīng)環(huán)境。結(jié)果結(jié)果顯示,給予小鼠高脂肪日糧會(huì)導(dǎo)致體重、血清脂、脂肪組織和肝臟脂肪堆積明顯增加,而在日糧中添加適量酵母脂多糖可以顯著抑制體重增長(zhǎng)和脂肪組織堆積,降低攝食量、食物吸收率和肝臟膽固醇水平,同時(shí)還可以降低脂肪肝和脂肪變性發(fā)生的概率,并且酵母脂多糖的這種作用是劑量依賴(lài)的。除此之外,酵母脂多糖還可通過(guò)增加抗氧化酶活性(SOD活性和GSH、MDA水平)來(lái)降低脂質(zhì)過(guò)氧化水平。為了闡明酵母脂多糖的作用機(jī)制,我們測(cè)定了肝臟β-氧化基因、膽固醇生成和脂肪生成相關(guān)基因的表達(dá)量,結(jié)果顯示酵母脂多糖是通過(guò)下調(diào)SREBP1、FAS、SCD1基因的mRNA水平來(lái)抑制脂肪生成,通過(guò)上調(diào)PPARα、CPT2基因的mRNA水平提高β-氧化作用。這些研究結(jié)果表明,日糧中添加酵母脂多糖可以通過(guò)抑制脂肪的消化來(lái)顯著改善高脂日糧誘導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生的肥胖。結(jié)論總之,本研究表明酵母脂多糖可通過(guò)β-葡萄糖表現(xiàn)出抗肥胖作用,并可以改善肝細(xì)胞抗氧化活性,降低體內(nèi)甘油三酯水平,增加肝臟脂質(zhì)代謝(通過(guò)下調(diào)SREBP1、FAS、SCD1基因的mRNA水平來(lái)抑制脂肪生成和上調(diào)PPARα、CPT2基因的mRNA水平來(lái)提高β-氧化作用,從而提高血清高密度脂蛋白膽固醇的水平,降低低密度脂蛋白膽固醇的水平)。高劑量組表現(xiàn)出更加顯著的作用。
[Abstract]:Background Obesity is associated with increased adipose tissue and is usually accompanied by hyperlipidemia inflammation and thrombosis. It is necessary to control and even treat obesity and its complications through nutritional intervention. Yeast lipopolysaccharide is widely used as food additive. Yeast lipopolysaccharide can reduce cholesterol level by aggregating bile acid, reducing the activity of anterior intestinal tract and promoting fiber digestion, so it is a potential cholesterol-lowering additive. Objective to study the effects of yeast lipopolysaccharide on lipid metabolism, biochemical index, antioxidant activity, pathological injury and gene expression in mice fed with high fat diet. Methods 60 female ICR mice with an average weight of 23g were randomly divided into four groups. One negative control group and three high fat diet group. Group A mice were fed normal diet as negative control group. Group B mice were fed high fat diet as positive control group C group mice were fed high fat diet. Low dose yeast lipopolysaccharide (250 mg / kg, three times a week) was given to mice in group D with high fat diet (dose 450 mg / kg, oral three times a week). The mice were fed with normal diet for one week in order to adapt to the environment. The mice were exposed to light for 12 hours at 20-24 鈩，

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