發(fā)布時間：2018-04-27 06:23

  本文選題：空腹血糖 + 糖尿病　； 參考：《中國疾病預(yù)防控制中心》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究背景和意義糖尿病(Diabetes mellitus, DM)作為一種代謝性紊亂疾病,可以導(dǎo)致心臟、腎臟、眼睛和神經(jīng)等多器官、組織的損傷、功能障礙或衰竭。全球各個國家糖尿病患病率都在不斷升高,糖尿病直接導(dǎo)致的死亡也在不斷增加,已成全球性公共健康問題。根據(jù)WHO報道,2012年由糖尿病直接導(dǎo)致的死亡是150萬例,其中80%發(fā)生在低收入和中等收入國家。2014年,全球18歲及以上人群糖尿病患病率為9%。2030年糖尿病將成為第7位主要死因,2035年全球糖尿病患者將達到5.92億人。2007年至2008年對我國20歲及以上人群的調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示,調(diào)查對象中9.7%患有糖尿病,其中僅有40%在調(diào)查前已經(jīng)得到診斷。2010年我國慢性病監(jiān)測結(jié)果顯示,我國成年人糖尿病患病率達到了11.6%,這些數(shù)據(jù)均表明糖尿病也是我國面臨的一個很重要的公共衛(wèi)生問題。我國目前開展的有關(guān)糖尿病的研究主要集中在漢族人群,對少數(shù)民族人群糖尿病的研究只局限在少數(shù)幾個地區(qū)和民族。布依族是我國人口較多的少數(shù)民族,在少數(shù)民族中居第十位,但目前涉及布依族人群糖尿病的研究尚不多見。研究目的1.了解貴州省漢族和布依族居民的血糖水平、糖尿病流行情況。2.了解糖尿病患者對自身患病情況的知曉、藥物治療及血糖控制的狀況。3.分析糖尿病患病的相關(guān)危險因素,并比較兩個民族間的差異。研究方法本研究是橫斷面研究,以貴州省為調(diào)查現(xiàn)場。采用多階段整群抽樣方法,于2012年10月到2012年12月期間,共調(diào)查20歲-80歲居民5395人,其中漢族居民2697人,布依族居民2698人。現(xiàn)場進行問卷調(diào)查,測量身高、體重和血壓,并采集血液標本檢測空腹血糖和血脂等指標。糖尿病的診斷標準采用1999年WHO指南。使用SAS9.1軟件對數(shù)據(jù)進行處理和統(tǒng)計分析。分析漢族和布依族居民的糖尿病患病率和相關(guān)危險因素。研究結(jié)果1.漢族城鎮(zhèn)居民標化患病率6.01%,其中男性7.88%,女性4.73%；漢族農(nóng)村居民糖尿病標化患病率為3.47%,其中男性為4.3%,女性為2.87%；布依族城鎮(zhèn)居民糖尿病標化患病率為3.04%,其中男性5.93%。女性1.32%；布依族農(nóng)村居民糖尿病標化患病率為2.83%,其中男性4.55%,女性1.58%。漢族和布依族居民患病率均為城鎮(zhèn)高于農(nóng)村,男性高于女性,隨年齡的增加糖尿病患病率顯著升高。2.糖尿病患者知曉率為46.71%,漢族高于布依族(56.59%vs.24.05%,P0.01),城鎮(zhèn)高于農(nóng)村(64.05%vs.22.22%,P0.01),女性高于男性(54.55%vs.41.06%,P=0.03)；81.15%的知曉者在治療,漢族患者治療率高于布依族(P0.05),治療率在城鎮(zhèn)和農(nóng)村、性別間的差異沒有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義；控制率為40.44%,控制率在民族、性別和城鄉(xiāng)之間沒有顯著性差異。3.糖尿病危險因素的多元logistic回歸分析顯示,民族是糖尿病的影響因素。性別、年齡、糖尿病家族史、高血壓和高甘油三酯是漢族和布依族居民共同的糖尿病的危險因素；經(jīng)濟收入、體力勞動與布依族居民糖尿病相關(guān)；體育鍛煉則與漢族居民糖尿病相關(guān)。結(jié)論漢族居民糖尿病患病率明顯高于布依族居民。糖尿病患者知曉率、治療率和控制率較低,還有待進一步提高。多因素分析中民族是糖尿病的影響因素,提示漢族和布依族人群糖尿病的發(fā)生可能存在差異。建議對兩民族糖尿病患病率差異原因開展進一步研究。
[Abstract]:Background and significance Diabetes mellitus (DM), as a metabolic disorder, can lead to multiple organs such as heart, kidney, eye and nerve, tissue damage, dysfunction or failure. The prevalence of diabetes in various countries is increasing, and the deaths directly caused by sugar urine disease are increasing and become global. Public health problems. According to WHO, 1 million 500 thousand deaths were directly caused by diabetes in 2012, 80% of which occurred in low and middle income countries for.2014. The global diabetes prevalence rate of 18 years old and above was the seventh major cause of death in the global 18 years old population. In 2035, the global diabetes patients would reach 592 million from.2007 to 2. 008 years of survey of people aged 20 and over showed that 9.7% of the respondents had diabetes, and only 40% of them had been diagnosed with chronic disease monitoring.2010 before the investigation. The prevalence rate of diabetes in China was 11.6%. These data indicate that diabetes is also a very important public in China. The study of diabetes in China is mainly concentrated in the Han population. The study of diabetes in minority groups is limited to a few regions and ethnic groups. The Buyi Nationality is the minority of our country and the tenth among the minority nationalities. However, the study on diabetes in Buyi people is not yet available. Objective 1. to understand the blood glucose level of the Han and Buyi residents in Guizhou province. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) was known by.2. to understand the awareness of the prevalence of diabetes, the status of drug treatment and blood glucose control in the.3. analysis of the related risk factors of diabetes and the difference between the two nationalities. A total of 5395 people aged 20 year old -80 years old, including 2697 Han residents and 2698 Buyi residents, were investigated by multistage cluster sampling in Guizhou province from October 2012 to December 2012. A questionnaire survey was conducted to measure height, weight and blood pressure, and collect blood samples to detect fasting blood glucose and blood lipids. Indicators. The diagnostic criteria for diabetes were used in the 1999 WHO guide. The data were processed and analyzed using SAS9.1 software. The prevalence and risk factors of diabetes in the Han and Buyi residents were analyzed. Results 1. the standardized prevalence rate of Han urban residents was 6.01%, including 7.88% of men and 4.73% for women, and diabetes in Han rural residents. The prevalence rate was 3.47%, among which men were 4.3% and women were 2.87%, and the prevalence rate of diabetes in Buyi urban residents was 3.04%, of which male 5.93%. women were 1.32%, and the prevalence rate of diabetes in Buyi rural residents was 2.83%, among which men were 4.55%, women 1.58%. Han and Buyi people were higher than rural areas and males were higher than those in rural areas. Women, with the increase of age, the prevalence rate of diabetes was significantly higher in.2. patients. The Han nationality was 46.71%, the Han was higher than the Buyi (56.59%vs.24.05%, P0.01), the town was higher than the rural (64.05%vs.22.22%, P0.01), and the female was higher than the male (54.55%vs.41.06%, P=0.03). The treatment rate of the Han patients was higher than that of the Buyi Nationality (P0.05), and the treatment rate of the Han patients was higher than that of the Buyi Nationality (P0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in gender between urban and rural areas; control rate was 40.44%, control rate was 40.44%, there was no significant difference in control rate between ethnic groups, sex and urban and rural areas. Multiple logistic regression analysis of the risk factors of diabetes showed that ethnic groups were the influencing factors of diabetes. Sex, age, family history of diabetes, hypertension and hyperglycerol were three. Ester is a risk factor for the common diabetes of the Han and Buyi residents; economic income, physical labor and diabetes mellitus in Buyi residents; physical exercise is related to diabetes in Han residents. Conclusion the prevalence rate of diabetes in Han residents is significantly higher than that of Buyi residents. The awareness rate of diabetes, treatment rate and control rate are low, and there is still to be done. Further improvement. In multifactor analysis, ethnic groups are the influencing factors of diabetes, suggesting that there may be differences in the incidence of diabetes among the Han and Buyi people. Further studies are suggested for the reasons for the difference in the prevalence of diabetes in two ethnic groups.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國疾病預(yù)防控制中心
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R587.1

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