本文選題：糖尿病　切入點(diǎn)：無(wú)創(chuàng)血糖檢測(cè)　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：糖尿病已經(jīng)被世界衛(wèi)生組織列為繼腫瘤、心腦血管病之后世界范圍內(nèi)的第三大慢性非傳染性疾病,在醫(yī)學(xué)上,目前還沒(méi)有根治的方法;頻繁的血糖檢測(cè)已經(jīng)成為糖尿病管理中的主要工作。目前,商用的血糖檢測(cè)儀都是有創(chuàng)的,這種方式會(huì)給病患帶來(lái)采血的疼痛,存在病毒通過(guò)血液感染的危險(xiǎn),同時(shí),也不便于連續(xù)的血糖檢測(cè)。因此,無(wú)創(chuàng)血糖檢測(cè)成為了目前血糖檢測(cè)技術(shù)發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)。在眾多無(wú)創(chuàng)血糖檢測(cè)技術(shù)的研究中,基于人體通信信道介電特性的方法由于低成本、可應(yīng)用在穿戴式設(shè)備上等特點(diǎn)正成為研究熱點(diǎn)。雖然該技術(shù)已經(jīng)取得了初步研究成果,但也存在如下問(wèn)題:第一、采用在體實(shí)驗(yàn)的研究較少,主要是對(duì)人工配置的葡萄糖濃度不同溶液的介電特性展開(kāi)研究,這種實(shí)驗(yàn)條件與真實(shí)人體血液環(huán)境相差大;第二、利用人體某一組織部位的單一頻率點(diǎn)的阻抗來(lái)分析其與血糖濃度的關(guān)系,其攜帶的生理病理信息較少;第三、目前人體組織介電譜的獲取一般是采用大型測(cè)量設(shè)備,其價(jià)格昂貴,且不便于便攜式的血糖檢測(cè)儀開(kāi)發(fā)。本文在基于目前國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)利用血液介電特性進(jìn)行無(wú)創(chuàng)血糖檢測(cè)的研究基礎(chǔ)上,主要探討利用在體實(shí)驗(yàn)采集人體指尖在10KHz~100KHz的阻抗譜進(jìn)行無(wú)創(chuàng)血糖檢測(cè)方法的可行性,開(kāi)展了如下工作:(1)分析目前全球糖尿病的患病現(xiàn)狀及其危害,以及無(wú)創(chuàng)血糖檢測(cè)技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀及成果,重點(diǎn)研究基于人體通信技術(shù)的無(wú)創(chuàng)血糖檢測(cè)方法的原理。(2)研究不同類型電極對(duì)葡萄糖濃度變化敏感度的關(guān)系;對(duì)目前常見(jiàn)的三種形狀的電極(矩形電極、矩形四電極、環(huán)形電極)進(jìn)行電磁仿真和其在不同葡萄糖濃度的氯化鈉溶液中的微波特性測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn);建立人體指尖四階Cole-Cole電磁仿真模型。仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,矩形四電極對(duì)血糖濃度變化具有較好的敏感度。(3)開(kāi)發(fā)一套基于AD5933阻抗轉(zhuǎn)換SOC芯片的便攜式的人體指尖四電極阻抗譜采集系統(tǒng),可實(shí)現(xiàn)10KHz~100KHz的阻抗譜測(cè)量。(4)利用自行設(shè)計(jì)的阻抗采集系統(tǒng),按照臨床上常用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)葡萄糖耐量試驗(yàn)步驟,進(jìn)行不同血糖濃度下的指尖阻抗譜在體實(shí)驗(yàn),并對(duì)采集的阻抗譜進(jìn)行初步研究和分析。初步實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,阻抗譜的特征參數(shù)cf的變化趨勢(shì)能夠較好的反映人體在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)葡萄糖耐量試驗(yàn)中血糖濃度的變化過(guò)程,為進(jìn)一步尋找人體指尖阻抗譜特性與血糖濃度的關(guān)系,最終實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)創(chuàng)血糖檢測(cè)提供了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Diabetes has been listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the third largest chronic non-communicable disease in the world after tumor, cardio-cerebrovascular disease.Frequent blood glucose testing has become a major task in diabetes management.At present, commercial blood sugar detectors are invasive, which can bring blood sampling pain to patients, risk of virus infection through blood, and is not convenient for continuous blood glucose detection.Therefore, non-invasive blood glucose detection has become the trend of blood sugar detection technology.Among the many noninvasive blood glucose detection techniques, the dielectric characteristics of human communication channels are becoming a hot research topic due to their low cost and the application to wearable devices.Although this technique has made some preliminary research achievements, it also has the following problems: first, there are few in vivo experiments, mainly to study the dielectric properties of different solutions with different concentration of glucose.The experimental conditions differ greatly from the real human blood environment. Secondly, using the impedance of a single frequency point in a certain tissue to analyze the relationship between the blood glucose concentration and the blood glucose concentration, it carries less physiological and pathological information.At present, the dielectric spectrum of human tissue is usually obtained by large measuring equipment, which is expensive and not convenient for the development of portable blood glucose detector.In this paper, based on the research on noninvasive blood glucose detection using blood dielectric characteristics at home and abroad, this paper mainly discusses the feasibility of using in vivo experiments to collect the impedance spectrum of human fingertips in 10KHz~100KHz for noninvasive blood glucose detection.The following work was carried out to analyze the prevalence and harm of diabetes in the world, and the research status and achievements of noninvasive blood glucose detection techniques.Focus on the principle of noninvasive blood glucose detection based on human communication technology.) study the relationship between the sensitivity of different types of electrodes to glucose concentration changes, and the current common three kinds of electrodes (rectangular electrode, rectangular electrode, rectangular electrode, rectangular electrode),The electromagnetic simulation and microwave characteristic test of the ring electrode in sodium chloride solution with different glucose concentration were carried out, and the four-order Cole-Cole electromagnetic simulation model of human fingertips was established.The simulation and experimental results show that the rectangular four-electrode has a good sensitivity to the change of blood glucose concentration.) A portable human finger tip four-electrode impedance spectrum acquisition system based on AD5933 impedance conversion SOC chip is developed.The impedance spectrum of 10KHz~100KHz can be measured by means of a self-designed impedance acquisition system. According to the standard glucose tolerance test steps commonly used in clinic, the in vivo experiments of finger tip impedance spectrum with different blood glucose concentrations can be carried out.The impedance spectrum is studied and analyzed preliminarily.The preliminary experimental results show that the variation trend of impedance spectrum characteristic parameter cf can well reflect the change process of blood glucose concentration in the standard glucose tolerance test. In order to find out the relationship between impedance spectrum characteristics of human fingertips and blood glucose concentration,Finally, non-invasive blood glucose detection provides the basis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R587.1;TM934.7

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