本文關(guān)鍵詞： 圍絕經(jīng)期 骨量減少 骨質(zhì)疏松 絕經(jīng)后 生育情況 流行病學(xué)　出處：《中國(guó)骨質(zhì)疏松雜志》2017年03期 　論文類(lèi)型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的調(diào)查深圳市寶安區(qū)717名社區(qū)圍絕經(jīng)期婦女的骨密度及一般情況,探討本地區(qū)圍絕經(jīng)期婦女骨量丟失情況的流行病學(xué)情況。方法以2016年5月-10月在深圳市寶安區(qū)沙井人民醫(yī)院下轄社康中心的40~60歲婦女為研究對(duì)象,將其中40~45歲、45~55歲、55~60歲中符合圍絕經(jīng)期診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)者的762例納入此次研究,共回收問(wèn)卷717份,有效回收率94.09%。采用MQD-7000超聲波骨密度分析儀,檢測(cè)受試者非受力側(cè)前臂尺橈骨中遠(yuǎn)端1/3處骨密度,建立信息采集表,記錄骨密度;一般人口學(xué)特征包括身高、體重、體重指數(shù)、懷孕次數(shù)、生產(chǎn)次數(shù)和流產(chǎn)次數(shù)等;以及日常行為習(xí)慣調(diào)查包括是否飲用咖啡、牛奶、濃茶,是否吸煙、飲酒,以及近5年是否經(jīng)常鍛煉等。最終將45~55歲之間,以及40~45歲、55~60歲中符合圍絕經(jīng)期診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)者納入討論,將檢測(cè)結(jié)果以每5歲為一年齡段分組,分析每組骨密度T值與骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率及相關(guān)影響因素。結(jié)果在圍絕經(jīng)期婦女中有疼痛情況者極為普遍,有1個(gè)部位以上疼痛癥狀的婦女有456名,占63.6%,疼痛性質(zhì)主要為酸痛,占56.21%。骨量損失情況及骨量減少發(fā)生率均隨年齡的增加而加重,而飲用牛奶的人骨量損失情況小于不飲用牛奶的人(P0.05),這與有關(guān)文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道基本一致�？Х�、濃茶、吸煙、飲酒骨量損失差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05),考慮與本次研究對(duì)象為女性,有這些生活飲食嗜好的人總體數(shù)量較小有關(guān);近5年經(jīng)常鍛煉的人整體比較較小,僅占12.55%,在此次調(diào)查中顯示對(duì)骨量減少影響較小。女性BMI越高,骨量減少的發(fā)生率不一定增高,經(jīng)秩和檢驗(yàn)(bonferroni校正)差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。本研究還發(fā)現(xiàn),懷孕和生產(chǎn)次數(shù)的增多均會(huì)增加骨量減少發(fā)生率,呈正相關(guān)。結(jié)論處于圍絕經(jīng)期婦女伴有疼痛癥狀的比例為63.6%,骨量減少發(fā)生率隨著增齡而增加,主要危險(xiǎn)因素為增齡、懷孕和生產(chǎn)次數(shù),飲用牛奶是可能保護(hù)性因素。應(yīng)對(duì)圍絕經(jīng)期婦女和基層醫(yī)務(wù)人員加強(qiáng)宣教,控制可能導(dǎo)致骨量減少的不良因素,預(yù)防和延緩絕經(jīng)后骨質(zhì)疏松癥的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the bone mineral density (BMD) and its general situation of 717 community menopausal women in Baoan District of Shenzhen City. To investigate the epidemiology of bone mass loss among perimenopausal women in this area. Methods from May 2016 to October, 400-year-old women who were under the jurisdiction of the Social Health Center in Shajing people's Hospital, Baoan District, Shenzhen City, were selected as the study objects. In this study, 762 cases who met the criteria of perimenopausal diagnosis were included in the study. A total of 717 questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 94.09. MQD-7000 ultrasonic bone mineral density analyzer was used. The bone mineral density (BMD) of 1/3 distal ulnar and radial bones of the unstressed forearm was measured to establish an information collection table to record the BMD, and the general demographic characteristics included height, weight, body mass index, number of pregnancies, number of births and times of miscarriage, etc. The daily behavior habits survey included whether coffee, milk, strong tea, smoking, alcohol consumption, and regular exercise in the past five years were used. Finally, people between the ages of 45 and 55 and those who met the criteria for the diagnosis of menopause at the age of 4045 or 55 or 60 were included in the discussion. The results were divided into five years old and one age group. The T value of bone mineral density (BMD), the prevalence rate of osteoporosis and the related factors were analyzed in each group. Results pain was very common in peri-menopausal women. There were 456 women (63.6%) with more than one part of the pain symptoms. The nature of the pain was mainly pain, accounting for 56.21.The loss of bone mass and the incidence of bone loss increased with the increase of age. However, the loss of bone mass in milk drinkers was lower than that in people who did not drink milk, which was basically consistent with the related literature. There was no significant difference in bone loss between coffee, strong tea, smoking and drinking, and there was no significant difference in bone loss between those who drank milk and those who did not drink milk. Women were considered to be the subjects of this study. The overall number of people with these eating habits is smaller; those who exercise regularly in the last five years are generally smaller, accounting for only 12.55. In the survey, it was found that the lower the BMI, the less likely the incidence of bone loss was. There was no significant difference by rank sum test with bonferroni correction (P 0.05). This study also found that the increase of pregnancy and number of births increased the incidence of bone loss. Conclusion the incidence of bone loss increases with age, and the main risk factors are aging, pregnancy and birth times. Drinking milk is the possible protective factor. In order to prevent and delay the occurrence of postmenopausal osteoporosis, we should strengthen the propaganda and education of the women and the primary medical staff, control the bad factors that may lead to the decrease of bone mass, and prevent and delay the occurrence of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
【作者單位】： 深圳市寶安區(qū)沙井人民醫(yī)院;深圳市寶安區(qū)中醫(yī)院;
【基金】：2013年廣東省自然科學(xué)基金(s2013010012989) 2012年深圳市科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生類(lèi))重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(201201019)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R580

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