本文關(guān)鍵詞： 海藻油 青錢柳多糖 糖尿病 降血糖 胰島素抵抗 炎癥 氧化應(yīng)激　出處：《華中科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：糖尿病屬于代謝異常綜合征,以高血糖為基本特征,一般可分為1型糖尿病和2型糖尿病,其中2型糖尿病占到90%以上。流行病學(xué)調(diào)查顯示,2013年,我國的成年人糖尿病發(fā)病率高達(dá)11.6%,患者總數(shù)達(dá)到1.14億。糖尿病的發(fā)生發(fā)展過程與遺傳、年齡、環(huán)境、飲食、運(yùn)動(dòng)等多種因素密切相關(guān)。普遍被接受的觀點(diǎn)是,炎癥和氧化應(yīng)激在糖尿病的發(fā)生發(fā)展過程中占據(jù)中心地位,各種因素最終都會(huì)通過炎癥水平上升、激發(fā)氧化應(yīng)激而誘發(fā)糖尿病。海藻油從海藻中提取得來,富含植物性DHA,抗氧化和緩解炎癥能力強(qiáng),容易被人體吸收。DHA是二十二碳六烯酸,屬于ω-3多不飽和脂肪酸,具有較明確的抗炎和抗氧化作用。目前,富含DHA和EPA的魚油用于糖尿病治療的作用研究多見報(bào)道,但是富含ω-3 PUFA海藻油的降血糖功效則研究較少。青錢柳為我國特有珍稀樹種,目前對(duì)青錢柳水提多糖抗氧化活性的研究報(bào)道較多,但對(duì)其抗炎活性的研究較少,評(píng)價(jià)模型也較為單一。本研究采用國家食藥監(jiān)局推薦的輔助降血糖動(dòng)物評(píng)價(jià)模型。造模成功后模型大鼠出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的胰島素抵抗現(xiàn)象。實(shí)驗(yàn)全過程中,給藥組每天進(jìn)行海藻油灌胃,分階段評(píng)價(jià)其降血糖功效。青錢柳多糖評(píng)價(jià)模型在上述造模成功之后使用鏈脲佐菌素破壞胰島β細(xì)胞,模型大鼠出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的胰島素抵抗和高血糖癥狀。使用青錢柳多糖灌胃,分階段評(píng)價(jià)其降血糖功效。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,海藻油可以顯著性的降低高血糖模型大鼠的空腹血糖值,口服糖耐量試驗(yàn)和胰島素耐量試驗(yàn)均出現(xiàn)顯著性的改善;海藻油可以顯著性的降低多項(xiàng)血清脂質(zhì)的濃度,改善高脂飲食所導(dǎo)致的動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化指數(shù)升高;顯著性的降低體內(nèi)炎癥水平,下調(diào)IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α等Th1型促炎性細(xì)胞因子的濃度,上調(diào)Th2型抑炎細(xì)胞因子IL-10的濃度;顯著性的降低血清CRP的濃度;改善體內(nèi)氧化應(yīng)激水平,提高SOD活性和總谷胱甘肽濃度,降低MDA的濃度。青錢柳多糖在單純高脂飼料喂養(yǎng)2周后對(duì)血糖無顯著影響,但顯著降低了動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化指數(shù)、MDA水平、TNF-α水平與CRP水平,表明在單純高脂飼料喂養(yǎng)期間柳葉多糖可改善血脂紊亂,降低氧化應(yīng)激與炎癥水平。在高脂飼料聯(lián)合地塞米松注射期間,青錢柳多糖干預(yù)顯著降低了空腹血糖、TG、MDA水平,顯著升高了SOD活性與GSH水平,表明在該階段青錢柳多糖可降低血糖與血脂,并發(fā)揮較強(qiáng)的抗氧化作用。模型組在注射STZ并繼續(xù)喂養(yǎng)高脂飼料兩周后,空腹血糖顯著升高,血漿胰島素水平顯著下降。在此階段青錢柳多糖干預(yù)對(duì)空腹血糖無顯著影響,但仍能顯著降低TG水平,并顯著升高血漿胰島素水平。綜合各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)分析,海藻油具有較好的輔助降血糖功效。針對(duì)該模型而言,海藻油具有顯著的抗炎和抗氧化作用,可以有效的降低血糖、血脂,改善胰島素抵抗現(xiàn)象,提高胰島素敏感性,保護(hù)胰島β細(xì)胞。青錢柳多糖則在2型糖尿病發(fā)生發(fā)展的不同階段具有不同程度的保護(hù)作用,尤其在糖尿病前期具有較好的保護(hù)作用。
[Abstract]:Diabetes is a metabolic syndrome, high blood sugar is the basic characteristic, generally can be divided into type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes accounted for more than 90%. The epidemiological survey shows that in 2013, the incidence of diabetes in adults is as high as 11.6% in China, the total number of patients reached 114 million. The occurrence and development process and inheritance. Diabetes, age, environment, diet, exercise and other factors are closely related. The generally accepted view is that inflammation and oxidative stress played a central role in the development process of diabetes, various factors will eventually pass inflammation levels rise, stimulate oxidative stress and induce diabetes. Algae oil extracted from seaweed. Rich in plant DHA, antioxidant and relieve inflammation ability, easily absorbed by the body is twenty-two.DHA six carbon acid, which belongs to -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects are clear. At present, rich in DHA and EPA for the role of fish oil in the treatment of diabetes were reported, but the hypoglycemic effect of -3 rich in Omega PUFA algae oil is researched less. Cyclocaryapaliurus for rare endemic species in China, the present study reports on the antioxidant activity of sugar Qingqian Liushui had more, but the research on its anti-inflammatory activity less, evaluation model is relatively simple. The model used in this study to evaluate the hypoglycemic animal assisted the State Food and Drug Administration recommended. Severe insulin resistance rat model after the success of the model. The whole process of the experiment, the drug group daily sea algae oil gavage, evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of Qingqian stages. Liu polysaccharide evaluation model using streptozotocin beta cells after the successful model, rat model of insulin resistance and high blood sugar symptoms. Use of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide gavage, evaluate the descending stage Effect of blood glucose. The experimental results show that the algae oil can significantly reduce hyperglycemia rats fasting blood glucose tolerance test, there was a significant improvement in oral glucose tolerance test and insulin content; serum lipid concentration of algal oil can reduce a number of significant improvement, high fat diet caused by atherosclerosis index.; significant decrease the level of inflammation in vivo, downregulation of IL-1 beta, IL-6, concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF- and Th1, Th2 concentration was increased by inhibiting inflammatory cytokines IL-10; serum CRP concentration decreased significantly; improve oxidative stress, improve SOD activity and total glutathione concentration decreased. The concentration of MDA. Cyclocaryapaliurus polysaccharide in simple high fat diet for 2 weeks had no significant effect on blood glucose, but significantly decreased the atherogenic index, MDA level, TNF- level and CRP level, that in the pure and high fat diet Feed during willow polysaccharide can improve dyslipidemia, reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. During the high-fat diet combined with dexamethasone injection, cyclocaryapaliurus polysaccharide intervention significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, TG, MDA levels increased significantly, SOD activity and GSH level in the order that Duan Qingqian Liu polysaccharides can reduce blood sugar with the blood, and play a strong antioxidant effect. In the model group after injection of STZ and fed with high fat diet for two weeks, fasting blood glucose significantly increased plasma insulin level decreased significantly. At this stage of cyclocaryapaliurus polysaccharide intervention on fasting blood glucose had no significant effect, but still can significantly reduce the TG level, and significantly increased plasma the level of insulin. Comprehensive analysis of various indicators, algae oil has good hypoglycemic effect. According to this model, the algae oil has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, can effectively reduce the blood sugar, blood fat, change Insulin resistance can enhance insulin sensitivity and protect islet beta cells. The polysaccharides of P. don have different degrees of protection in different stages of development of type 2 diabetes, especially in early stage of diabetes.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：R587.1

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