本文選題：前列腺癌 + 發(fā)病率　； 參考：《大連醫(yī)科大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的研究并描述大連市前列腺癌發(fā)病率、集中發(fā)病年齡及死亡人數的流行趨勢，并進行簡要的分析，為前列腺癌普查及診療提供依據。 方法對大連市區(qū)在1991年到2010年間以來的參加城鎮(zhèn)醫(yī)保的男性中前列腺癌病例、發(fā)病年齡以及死亡例數并進行統(tǒng)計研究，計算發(fā)病率及死亡粗率、標化率、年平均增長率、變化百分比以及歷年集中發(fā)病年齡的變化。使用統(tǒng)計學軟件對上述各項進行統(tǒng)計描述和統(tǒng)計學分析，進行數據的比較得出大連市前列腺癌的總體流行趨勢包括：20年間前列腺癌發(fā)病率的總體變化；發(fā)病年齡的集中趨勢；以前列腺癌為首位死亡原因的死亡率總體變化。 結果大連市區(qū)1991~2010年前列腺癌共發(fā)病1208人，標準化發(fā)病率由1991年的1.7/10萬逐年上升到2010年的5.1/10萬，前列腺癌占男性惡性腫瘤的百分比由1991年0.7%上升到2010年2.5%；此處將70~79歲定義為中年齡組，，＜70歲為低年齡組，＞79歲為高年齡組，可以看出高年齡組發(fā)病人數明顯升高，中年齡組發(fā)病人數上升顯著，而低年齡組所占比例也有緩慢升高的趨勢。由于數據完整性原因我們對大連市區(qū)在城鎮(zhèn)醫(yī)保內男性2002~2012年間以前列腺癌為首要死亡原因人數進行描述并對比，男性因前列腺癌死亡的人數變化不明顯。 結論大連市區(qū)環(huán)境污染的加重、飲食結構和生活習慣的進一步西方化、居民平均壽命的增長等患前列腺癌高危因素逐漸增加，篩查及常規(guī)體檢的普及導致發(fā)病率逐年提高；低和中年齡組男性在前列腺癌發(fā)病中所占比例的逐年上升，可以看出在老齡化的趨勢中高年齡組患病人數大幅度提高的同時前列腺癌發(fā)病的年輕化趨勢在不斷增加；以前列腺癌為首位死因的人數的緩慢增加而在人口標準化之后上升趨勢并不明顯，而與世界前列腺癌死亡率降低的趨勢相悖。由此可見前列腺癌逐漸成為威脅大連市區(qū)男性生命的最常見惡性腫瘤，而未引起大連市醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)的普遍關注和重視，因此應加強公民對前列腺癌的公識力度，早期普查，早期診治，以達到對前列腺癌的高度重視。大連市各醫(yī)療機構應加強對前列腺癌的篩查，引進先進的前列腺癌篩查技術設備及對應接受前列腺癌篩查的高危人群的正確判斷，同時盡早與世界接軌實行更先進的前列腺癌治療手段。
[Abstract]:Objective to study and describe the prevalence trend of prostate cancer incidence, age and death rate in Dalian, and to provide evidence for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment. Methods from 1991 to 2010, the incidence, age and death rate of prostate cancer in men who participated in urban health insurance in Dalian urban area were studied, and the incidence rate, crude death rate, standardized rate and annual average growth rate were calculated. The percentage of change and the change of age of concentrated onset over the years. Statistical software was used to describe and analyze the above items, and the general epidemic trend of prostate cancer in Dalian was obtained by comparing the data, including the overall change of incidence of prostate cancer in the past 20 years, the concentrated trend of onset age, and the prevalence of prostate cancer in Dalian during the past 20 years. The overall mortality rate of prostate cancer was the first cause of death. Results there were 1208 cases of prostate cancer in Dalian from 1991 to 2010. The standardized incidence rate increased from 1.7 / 100 000 in 1991 to 5.1 / 100 thousand in 2010. The percentage of prostate cancer in male malignant tumor increased from 0.7% in 1991 to 2.5% in 2010. In this paper, the middle age group, < 70 years old group and > 79 years old group are defined as middle age group, and < 70 years old group and > 79 years old group, it can be seen that the number of patients in the high age group is obviously increased, and the number of middle age group patients has increased significantly. And the proportion of low age group also has the slow rise tendency. For reasons of data integrity, we describe and compare the number of men who died from prostate cancer as the leading cause of death from 2002 to 2012 in urban health insurance in Dalian, and found that there was no significant change in the number of men dying from prostate cancer. Conclusion the risk factors of prostate cancer, such as aggravated environmental pollution, further westernization of diet structure and living habits, and the increase of average life expectancy of residents, have increased gradually. The prevalence of screening and routine physical examination has led to an increase in the incidence rate year by year. The proportion of men in low and middle age groups in the incidence of prostate cancer is increasing year by year. It can be seen that the number of patients in the older age group has increased significantly while the incidence of prostate cancer has been increasing. The slow increase in the number of people who died of prostate cancer as the first cause of death is not obvious after the population standardization, but it is contrary to the trend of world prostate cancer mortality reduction. It can be seen that prostate cancer has gradually become the most common malignant tumor threatening the life of men in Dalian city, but it has not aroused the general concern and attention of Dalian's medical system. Therefore, citizens should strengthen their public understanding of prostate cancer and conduct an early census. Early diagnosis and treatment to achieve high attention to prostate cancer. All medical institutions in Dalian should strengthen the screening of prostate cancer, introduce advanced prostate cancer screening techniques and equipment and correctly judge the population at high risk for prostate cancer screening. At the same time as soon as possible with the world to implement more advanced prostate cancer treatment.
【學位授予單位】：大連醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R737.25

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