本文選題：腎病綜合征　切入點(diǎn)：臨床表現(xiàn)　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的：對(duì)于近幾年我院腎病綜合征患者病理類型分布特征、男女比例及病理類型分布與臨床表現(xiàn)的關(guān)系，，為腎病綜合征的治療及診斷提供價(jià)值資料。 方法：分析2011年11月～2013年10月，因腎臟疾病在期間入院行腎活檢并以腎病綜合征為臨床表現(xiàn)的患者為資料，查閱其實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查，結(jié)合腎病綜合征患者腎穿刺病理活檢的結(jié)果，回顧性分析病理特點(diǎn)與臨床特征之間的關(guān)系。 結(jié)果：腎病綜合征是最常見的臨床表現(xiàn)。73例患者中以男性為主（51.4%），腎病綜合征發(fā)病高峰年齡為40-60歲，占47.2%。病理類型中原發(fā)性腎病綜合征（PNS）發(fā)病率最高（占65.5%），男：女為1.21：1。PNS中最為常見病理類型是膜性腎病，占41.9%，男：女為2.25：1；其次為微小病變性腎�。�18.3%）、IgA腎�。�14%）。不典型膜性腎病是繼發(fā)性腎病綜合征（SNS）的常見病理類型（53.1%），其次為狼瘡性腎炎（24.5%），乙型肝炎病毒相關(guān)性腎炎（6.1%）。通過(guò)經(jīng)腎穿刺活檢的腎病綜合征患者的病理類型分析，針對(duì)無(wú)法開展腎活檢的醫(yī)院或有腎穿刺禁忌癥的患者，依據(jù)病人年齡和性別并結(jié)合臨床檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果，初步推斷腎臟病理變化輕重，指導(dǎo)進(jìn)一步治療、判斷預(yù)后病情情況。 結(jié)論：腎病綜合征基礎(chǔ)腎臟病的病理類型決定其預(yù)后。原發(fā)性腎病綜合征（PNS）仍是腎臟疾病的主體，以膜性腎病發(fā)病率最高。繼發(fā)性腎病綜合征（SNS）以不典型膜性腎病為主。腎穿刺活檢對(duì)腎臟疾病的診斷、治療及判斷預(yù)后方面有重大意義，臨床與病理相結(jié)合的診斷及治療的重要意義比單純的臨床診斷和治療要高。
[Abstract]:Objective: to provide valuable data for the treatment and diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome in our hospital in recent years. Methods: from November 2011 to October 2013, renal biopsy was performed during the period of renal disease, and the clinical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome were analyzed. The results of laboratory examination were reviewed and combined with the results of renal biopsy in patients with nephrotic syndrome. The relationship between pathological features and clinical features was analyzed retrospectively. Results: Nephrotic syndrome was the most common clinical manifestation. Among 73 patients, 51.4% were male. The peak age of nephrotic syndrome was 40-60 years old. The incidence of primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) was the highest (65.5%). The most common pathological type in male and female 1.21:1.PNS was membranous nephropathy. 41.9%, male: female 2.25: 1, followed by minimal change nephropathy 18.3% IgA nephropathy. Atypical membranous nephropathy is a common pathological type of secondary nephrotic syndrome (SNS), followed by lupus nephritis 24.5b and hepatitis B virus associated glomerulonephritis 6.1B. Analysis of pathological types of Nephrotic Syndrome patients with Renal biopsy, According to the age and sex of the patients and the results of clinical examination, the severity of renal pathological changes was preliminarily inferred, the further treatment was guided, and the prognosis was judged for the patients who could not carry out renal biopsy in hospitals or patients with contraindication of renal puncture. Conclusion: the pathological type of basic kidney disease in nephrotic syndrome determines its prognosis. PNSs are still the main body of renal disease. The incidence of membranous nephropathy is the highest. The secondary nephrotic syndrome (SNS) is mainly atypical membranous nephropathy. Renal biopsy is of great significance in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of renal diseases. The significance of diagnosis and treatment combined with pathology is higher than that of clinical diagnosis and treatment alone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：R692

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