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對甲酚對人臍靜脈內(nèi)皮細胞增殖和細胞周期影響的研究

發(fā)布時間:2018-03-22 07:26

  本文選題:蛋白結(jié)合的對甲酚 切入點:人臍靜脈內(nèi)皮細胞 出處:《第三軍醫(yī)大學》2014年碩士論文 論文類型:學位論文


【摘要】:背景: 成人慢性腎臟。–KD)的發(fā)病率高達10%[1],其中相當部分患者將發(fā)展到終末期腎衰,由于腎源奇缺、腎移植數(shù)量減少,絕大部分終末期腎衰患者只能靠透析生存。盡管近幾十年來,在透析技術(shù)、透析耗材、透析液等方面做了大量的研究和改進,維持性血液透析患者的年死亡率仍高達10%,在這些死亡患者中,心、腦血管事件是最重要的死亡原因[2]。透析雖然緩解了多種毒素、水電解質(zhì)紊亂、酸堿失衡等致死因子對生命的直接威脅,但對尿毒癥時高發(fā)的心、腦血管病變本身并無明顯緩解,這不得不令我們重新審視現(xiàn)代透析的局限性。 以往研究表明,內(nèi)皮功能紊亂加速了慢性腎功能衰竭(CRF)患者的加速性動脈硬化進程。一些與血漿白蛋白結(jié)合的尿毒癥毒素,如硫酸吲哚酚、同型半胱氨酸、馬尿酸等,被證實參與損傷CKD患者的血管內(nèi)皮功能[3]。但仍難以解釋造成尿毒癥患者居高不下心腦血管并發(fā)癥的原因。 文獻表明,透析并不能清除蛋白結(jié)合的尿毒癥毒素。對甲酚,是一種與血漿白蛋白高度結(jié)合的尿毒癥毒素,與血漿白蛋白的結(jié)合率高達94%,常規(guī)的透析方法很難將其清除[4]。在CKD的中晚期階段,患者血清對甲酚水平明顯增高,同時與CKD患者的全因死亡率和心血管疾病發(fā)生率顯著相關(guān)[5]。近年來,蛋白結(jié)合毒素對甲酚在CKD患者心腦血管并發(fā)癥高發(fā)生率中所發(fā)揮的作用逐漸受到人們的關(guān)注。 目的: 本研究以培養(yǎng)的人臍靜脈內(nèi)皮細胞(HUVEC)為研究對象,觀察游離的對甲酚與蛋白結(jié)合的對甲酚(+4%白蛋白)對人臍靜脈內(nèi)皮細胞的增殖和細胞周期的影響及其機制,從而探討蛋白結(jié)合尿毒癥毒素對甲酚與CKD患者加速性動脈硬化的關(guān)系。 方法: 本課題分為2部分進行探討。 第一部分:觀察游離的對甲酚與蛋白結(jié)合的對甲酚對人臍靜脈內(nèi)皮細胞增殖、細胞形態(tài)、細胞凋亡和細胞周期的影響。 1.用CCK-8法觀察游離的對甲酚與蛋白結(jié)合的對甲酚對HUVEC細胞增殖的影響。 2.用倒置顯微鏡觀察對甲酚對HUVEC細胞形態(tài)的影響。 3.用細胞凋亡檢測試劑盒檢測對甲酚對人臍靜脈內(nèi)皮細胞凋亡的影響。 4.用流式細胞技術(shù)檢測對甲酚對人臍靜脈內(nèi)皮細胞周期的影響。 第二部分:觀察游離的對甲酚與蛋白結(jié)合的對甲酚對人臍靜脈內(nèi)皮細胞細胞周期調(diào)節(jié)蛋白的影響。 1.用Western印記法檢測對甲酚對對人臍靜脈內(nèi)皮細胞細胞周期調(diào)節(jié)蛋白p21Cip1,p27Kip1, p15Ink4B, p16Ink4A,CDK4,cyclin D1表達的影響。 2.用雙重免疫熒光法觀察對甲酚對人臍靜脈內(nèi)皮細胞周期調(diào)節(jié)蛋白p21Cip1和cyclin D1表達的影響。 結(jié)果: 第一部分: 1.游離的對甲酚與蛋白結(jié)合的對甲酚均抑制人臍靜脈內(nèi)皮細胞的增殖:與對照組相比,對甲酚80μg/ml組24h、48h、72h的細胞增殖抑制率分別為23.56%±3.24%、48.55%±5.05%、80.68%±1.69%。與對照+4%白蛋白組相比,80μg/ml對甲酚+4%白蛋白組24h、48h、72h的細胞增殖抑制率分別為22.39%±4.79%、41.38%±2.10%、77.56%±2.06%。且隨著對甲酚濃度的升高,其對細胞增殖的抑制作用逐漸增強(P0.05),同時隨著作用時間的延長,這種抑制程度逐漸增強(P0.05)。游離的對甲酚與蛋白結(jié)合的對甲酚對HUVEC增殖的抑制作用均呈劑量依賴性和時間依賴性(P0.05)。 2.對甲酚處理后的HUVEC細胞形態(tài)發(fā)生了改變,呈現(xiàn)不規(guī)則狀,細胞突起伸長,細胞質(zhì)變渾濁。 3.游離的對甲酚與蛋白結(jié)合的對甲酚對HUVEC細胞凋亡無影響(P0.05)。 4.游離的對甲酚與蛋白結(jié)合的對甲酚均使HUVEC停滯于細胞周期G1期:對照組G1期細胞比例為62.37±0.39%,S期細胞比例為28.96±1.04%;對甲酚80μg/ml組G1期細胞比例為81.27±1.15%,S期細胞比例為5.77±1.32%。對照+4%白蛋白組G1期細胞比例為62.45±0.72%,S期細胞比例為22.48±3.15%;對甲酚80μg/ml+4%白蛋白組G1期細胞比例為79.63±1.18%,S期細胞比例為8.86±0.21%。各濃度對甲酚組G1期細胞較對照組顯著增多(p0.05),S期細胞較對照組顯著減少(p0.05),且對甲酚所導致的G1期停滯呈劑量依賴性(p0.05)。 第二部分: 1.游離的對甲酚與蛋白結(jié)合的對甲酚均使HUVEC細胞周期調(diào)節(jié)蛋白p21Cip1表達增加(p0.05),cyclin D1蛋白表達減少(p0.05),且這種作用均呈劑量依賴性(p0.05);而對細胞周期調(diào)節(jié)蛋白p27Kip1, p15Ink4B, p16Ink4A,CDK4表達無影響(P0.05)。 2.游離的對甲酚與蛋白結(jié)合的對甲酚增加了HUVEC細胞周期調(diào)節(jié)蛋白p21Cip1的表達,減少了cyclin D1蛋白的表達。 結(jié)論: 1.蛋白結(jié)合的對甲酚與游離對甲酚一樣,能顯著抑制HUVEC的增殖,,且呈劑量依賴性和時間依賴性。 2.蛋白結(jié)合的對甲酚與游離對甲酚對HUVEC增殖的抑制作用可能是通過上調(diào)細胞周期調(diào)節(jié)蛋白p21Cip1的表達,下調(diào)cyclin D1蛋白的表達,進而使HUVEC停滯于細胞周期G1期所致,與細胞凋亡無關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Background:
Adult chronic kidney disease (CKD) incidence rate is as high as 10%[1], which is part of patients will develop to end-stage renal failure, because the kidneys are scarce, reduce the number of renal transplantation in patients with end-stage renal failure, most can only rely on dialysis to survive. Although in recent decades, in dialysis, dialysis supplies, such as dialysis fluid research and improvement of a large number of patients with maintenance hemodialysis mortality is still as high as 10%, in the death of patients, heart and cerebrovascular events is the most important cause of death in dialysis [2]. although alleviate a variety of toxins, water electrolyte disorder, acid-base imbalance of lethal direct threat to life, but for uremia the high incidence of heart cerebrovascular disease itself does not significantly alleviate the limitations, it had to make us re-examine modern dialysis.
Previous studies showed that endothelial dysfunction accelerates the chronic renal failure (CRF) accelerated the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with uremic toxins. Combined with plasma albumin, such as indoxyl sulfate, homocysteine, hippuric acid, was confirmed in [3]. vascular endothelial function injury in patients with CKD but it is still difficult to explain the cause of uremic patients the high cardiovascular complications.
The literature suggests that dialysis did not clear the uremic toxin protein binding. P-cresol is a uremic toxin and plasma albumin with up to 94%, and combined with the plasma albumin dialysis rate, the conventional method is difficult to remove [4]. in the late stage of CKD patients, serum p-cresol levels were significantly increased. At the same time in patients with CKD due to the incidence of [5]. was significantly associated with cardiovascular disease mortality in recent years, protein binding toxin paracresol in CKD patients with cardio cerebral vascular complications occurred in the high rate play a role gradually attracted people's attention.
Objective:
In this study, the cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) as the research object, observe the free combination of p-cresol and protein p-cresol (+4% albumin) influence the proliferation and cell cycle of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and its mechanism, and to explore the relationship of protein bound uremic toxin cresol and CKD in patients with accelerated artery hardening.
Method錛

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