【摘要】：目的研究孕婦飲食行為及其影響因素。方法對624名早期妊娠孕婦、619名中期妊娠孕婦及738名晚期妊娠孕婦進(jìn)行飲食行為問卷調(diào)查研究。結(jié)果被調(diào)查的孕婦年齡18~45歲,74%的孕婦體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)在正常范圍,超過43%的孕婦由母親照顧,其次是丈夫。在合理營養(yǎng)方面,妊娠各期孕婦碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白質(zhì)攝入與推薦值比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。在食物選擇上,妊娠中晚期進(jìn)食谷類、奶類、水產(chǎn)品、豆類量不足,各期進(jìn)食水果、堅(jiān)果過多(P0.05)。結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型分析結(jié)果顯示,主觀行為規(guī)范并不直接影響膳食行為,而是通過對行為態(tài)度及行為意向的影響間接影響孕婦的膳食行為,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化回歸系數(shù)分別為0.245(P=0.000)和0.718(P=0.000)。結(jié)論研究對象的膳食行為較好,但在食物的選擇和合理搭配上存在問題,特別是水果進(jìn)食過多。主觀行為規(guī)范通過對行為態(tài)度及行為意向的影響間接影響孕婦的膳食行為,與孕婦直接接觸的人中,孕婦的母親對其膳食態(tài)度和行為意向的影響最明顯。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the dietary behavior of pregnant women and its influencing factors. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 624 pregnant women in early pregnancy, 619 pregnant women in the middle trimester and 738 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Results the age of the surveyed pregnant women was 18 times 45 years old. 74% of the pregnant women had a body mass index (BMI) in the normal range, more than 43% of the pregnant women were cared for by their mothers, followed by their husbands. In terms of reasonable nutrition, there was no significant difference in carbohydrate, fat and protein intake between pregnant women and recommended values (P 0.05). In food selection, eating cereals, milk, aquatic products, beans in the third trimester of pregnancy, eating fruit and nuts in each stage (P 0.05). The results of structural equation model analysis showed that the subjective behavior norm did not directly affect the dietary behavior, but indirectly affected the dietary behavior of pregnant women through the influence of behavior attitude and behavior intention. The standardized regression coefficients were 0.245 (P 鈮，

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