【摘要】：對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)、外孕期體力活動(dòng)與健康促進(jìn)的歷史發(fā)展、研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行梳理與總結(jié)。國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)孕期體力活動(dòng)的推薦在經(jīng)歷30多年發(fā)展后,取得了長(zhǎng)足的進(jìn)步,從最初嚴(yán)格限制孕期的運(yùn)動(dòng)類型、強(qiáng)度和持續(xù)時(shí)間,到承認(rèn)高強(qiáng)度有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)可行性,再到最近呼吁孕期體力活動(dòng)推薦應(yīng)更"精準(zhǔn)化"這樣一個(gè)時(shí)代發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。研究認(rèn)為,孕期體力活動(dòng)對(duì)妊娠結(jié)局、子代和母體的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)健康都有積極的意義,中等強(qiáng)度的體力活動(dòng)具有較低的孕期并發(fā)癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)和歸納了孕期體力活動(dòng)與健康促進(jìn)研究的未來研究趨勢(shì):通過干預(yù)性實(shí)驗(yàn)和大樣本、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的流行病學(xué)調(diào)查,徹底厘清孕期體力活動(dòng)與表觀遺傳、慢病預(yù)防的生理、生化機(jī)制;借助體育科學(xué)、圍產(chǎn)醫(yī)學(xué)、社會(huì)心理學(xué)和環(huán)境行為學(xué)等多學(xué)科、多領(lǐng)域的交叉與合作,探索孕期體力活動(dòng)的自我效能提升策略;流行病學(xué)主客觀相結(jié)合的測(cè)量方式是未來孕期體力活動(dòng)測(cè)量的主要方向,且方法應(yīng)更具準(zhǔn)確性與實(shí)用性;開發(fā)適合我國(guó)國(guó)情的孕期體力活動(dòng)推薦量,有利于提升國(guó)民整體健康水平,對(duì)全民健康促進(jìn)有著積極的意義。
[Abstract]:This paper combs and summarizes the historical development and research status of physical activity and health promotion during domestic and external pregnancy. After more than 30 years of development, the international community's recommendation for physical activity during pregnancy has made considerable progress, from the initial strict limitation of the type, intensity and duration of exercise during pregnancy to the recognition of the feasibility of high-intensity aerobic exercise. Recently, the recommendation of physical activity during pregnancy should be more "accurate". It is concluded that physical activity during pregnancy is of positive significance to pregnancy outcome, long-term health of offspring and mother, and moderate physical activity has a lower risk of complications during pregnancy. On this basis, the future research trends of physical activity and health promotion during pregnancy were summarized and summarized: through intervention experiments and large samples, long-term epidemiological investigation, the physical activity and apparent heredity during pregnancy were thoroughly clarified. Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of slow disease prevention; With the help of sports science, perioperative medicine, social psychology and environmental behavior and other disciplines, multi-field intersection and cooperation, explore the self-efficacy improvement strategy of physical activity during pregnancy; The combination of subjective and objective epidemiological measurement is the main direction of physical activity measurement during pregnancy in the future, and the method should be more accurate and practical. The development of recommended amount of physical activity during pregnancy suitable for the national conditions of our country is beneficial to improve the overall health level of the people and has a positive significance to the health promotion of the whole people.
【作者單位】： 嘉興學(xué)院師范學(xué)院;國(guó)家體育總局運(yùn)動(dòng)醫(yī)學(xué)研究所;
【基金】：嘉興市科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017AY33078) “十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2012BAK21B02-03)
【分類號(hào)】：R715.3

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