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福建省孕婦孕前BMI與胎兒先天性心臟病的關(guān)系

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-05-07 01:48
【摘要】:目的: 胎兒先天性心臟病(congenital heart disease,CHD),簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)胎兒CHD,為我國(guó)出生缺陷首位病種,是嬰兒死亡和致殘的主要原因之一。CHD的病因十分復(fù)雜,本研究探討孕婦孕前體重指數(shù)及其相關(guān)因素與胎兒CHD發(fā)病的關(guān)系,探尋CHD的高危影響因素,為預(yù)防CHD的發(fā)生及相關(guān)公共衛(wèi)生干預(yù)措施的制定提供參考依據(jù)。 方法: 本研究采用以醫(yī)院為基礎(chǔ)的病例對(duì)照研究方法,收集福建省婦幼保健院(三級(jí)甲等醫(yī)院)2010年1月至2014年1月期間符合納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的孕婦,采用問(wèn)卷調(diào)查的方法,共186例病例和286例對(duì)照納入研究。根據(jù)孕婦孕前BMI大小,分為四組:體重過(guò)低組(BMI<18.5),正常體重低值組(BMI=18.5~21.0),正常體重高值組(BMI=21.1~23.9),體重超重組(BMI≥24.0),采用SPSS19.0軟件進(jìn)行t檢驗(yàn)、卡方檢驗(yàn)、單因素方差分析、非條件單因素及多因素logistic回歸分析。 結(jié)果: 1.孕前體重過(guò)低(BMI18.5)者,其胎兒CHD的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加(OR=2.062,95%CI:1.216-3.499),且更易患合并心外畸形的CHD (OR=6.000,95%CI:1.987-18.199)。正常體重低值者(BMI=18.5~21.0),其胎兒合并心外畸形的CHD風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加(OR=4.186,95%CI:1.140-12.469)。 2.孕前BMI與胎兒CHD為何種臨床解剖分型無(wú)明顯相關(guān)。 3.多因素logistic分析:孕前體重過(guò)低者(BMI18.5),其胎兒患CHD風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加(OR=2.190,95%CI:1.209-3.965)。對(duì)于懷孕頭3個(gè)月的飲食習(xí)慣,僅食肉(OR=5.002,95%CI:1.345-18.604)或食肉多于蔬菜(OR=2.376,95%CI:1.007-5.605)均會(huì)增加CHD風(fēng)險(xiǎn),補(bǔ)充復(fù)合維生素(OR=0.528,95%CI:0.342-0.815)和食用糖果巧克力(OR=0.475,95%CI:0.313-0.722)則降低胎兒CHD風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。居住于農(nóng)村的孕婦,其胎兒患CHD風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高(OR=3.336,95%CI;1.312-8.480)。具有高中水平(OR=0.198,95%CI:0.045-0.863)或大學(xué)及以上水平(OR=0.160,95%CI:0.038-0.681)等較高文化程度的孕婦,其胎兒患CHD風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較小。 結(jié)論: 1.孕婦孕前體重過(guò)低(BMI18.5),其胎兒發(fā)生CHD的可能性較大。 2.就懷孕頭3個(gè)月的飲食習(xí)慣而言,僅食肉或食肉多于蔬菜均會(huì)增加胎兒CHD風(fēng)險(xiǎn),補(bǔ)充復(fù)合維生素、食用糖果巧克力則降低胎兒CHD風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 3.居住于農(nóng)村的孕婦,,其胎兒患CHD風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高,具有較高文化程度的孕婦,其胎兒患CHD風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較小。
[Abstract]:Objective: fetal congenital heart disease (congenital heart disease,CHD), referred to as fetal CHD, is the first type of birth defect in China and is one of the main causes of infant death and disability. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between pregnant women's body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy and the incidence of fetal CHD, to explore the high risk factors of CHD, and to provide reference for the prevention of CHD and the formulation of relevant public health intervention measures. Methods: a hospital-based case-control study was conducted to collect pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria from January 2010 to January 2014 in Fujian Maternal and Child Health Hospital (Grade 3A Hospital). A total of 186 cases and 286 controls were included in the study. According to the size of BMI before pregnancy, pregnant women were divided into four groups: underweight group (BMI < 18.5), normal low weight group (BMI=18.5~21.0), normal weight high value group (BMI=21.1~23.9), weight overweight group (BMI 鈮

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