發(fā)布時間：2018-09-11 11:34

【摘要】：目的了解陜西省育齡婦女圍產(chǎn)期葉酸服用狀況,并分析其影響因素,對相關(guān)政策制定與調(diào)整提供數(shù)據(jù)支持。方法在陜西省10個地級市和楊凌示范區(qū)進行隨機抽樣,選取近3年懷孕或正在懷孕的婦女進行問卷調(diào)查,采用非條件Logistic回歸模型分析葉酸服用的影響因素。結(jié)果在全省域?qū)用嫔先~酸服用率為84.1%,葉酸服用率在地域之間有統(tǒng)計學差異,陜南為88.9%,關(guān)中為85.7%,陜北為75.5%(χ~2=24.011,P0.001),城鄉(xiāng)之間也有統(tǒng)計學差異(89.5%vs.80.6%,χ~2=19.974,P0.001),葉酸服用率還存在顯著的年齡差異,高年齡組婦女服用率低于低年齡組(χ~2=13.637,P=0.003)。免費領(lǐng)取葉酸率和葉酸服用時間在地域、城鄉(xiāng)和各年齡組之間同樣有統(tǒng)計學差異(P0.05)。Logistic回歸分析發(fā)現(xiàn),除地區(qū)、城鄉(xiāng)、年齡和教育程度等因素外,育齡婦女對葉酸的認知是影響圍孕期葉酸服用情況的主要因素,其中不知道圍孕期需要服用葉酸的育齡婦女不服用葉酸的風險是知道者的14.13倍(95%CI:6.16~32.44),不知道葉酸可以預(yù)防神經(jīng)管畸形的育齡婦女不服用葉酸的風險是知道者的2.71倍(95%CI:1.43~5.14);不知道葉酸免費領(lǐng)取政策的育齡婦女圍孕期不服用葉酸的風險是知道者的2.88倍(95%CI:1.52~5.47)。結(jié)論陜西省育齡婦女葉酸服用率較高,但服用時間較短。認知是影響葉酸服用及規(guī)范服用的重要因素,強化和提升育齡婦女對葉酸的認知水平是提升葉酸預(yù)防神經(jīng)管畸形的重要方法。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the perinatal folic acid use status of women of childbearing age in Shaanxi province and analyze its influencing factors to provide data support for relevant policy formulation and adjustment. Methods 10 prefecture-level cities and Yang Ling demonstration areas in Shaanxi Province were randomly selected to investigate the influencing factors of folic acid use by non-conditional Logistic regression model. Women who were pregnant or pregnant in the past 3 years were investigated by questionnaire. Results at the provincial level, the folic acid use rate was 84.1. There were significant differences in folic acid use rate between different regions, including 88.9 in South Shaanxi, 85.7 in Guanzhong and 75.5% in Northern Shaanxi (蠂 ~ (2 +). There was also a statistical difference between urban and rural areas (89.5b vs.80.6, 蠂 ~ (219.974P0.001), and there was also a significant age difference in folic acid use rate. The use rate of high age group was lower than that of low age group (蠂 2 + 13.637% P0. 003). The rate of free folic acid collection and the duration of folic acid use were also statistically different between urban and rural areas and between different age groups (P0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that, except for regional, urban-rural, age and educational level, there were significant differences between the two groups. The awareness of folic acid in women of childbearing age was the main factor influencing folic acid consumption during pregnancy. The risk of not taking folic acid in women of childbearing age who did not know the need to take folic acid during pregnancy was 14.13 times higher than that of those who knew it (95%CI:6.16~32.44), and the risk of not taking folic acid in women of childbearing age who did not know that folic acid could prevent neural tube malformation was 2.71 times higher than that of those who knew about folic acid (95%CI:1.43~5.14). Women of childbearing age who did not know the folic acid free policy were 2. 88 times more likely to not take folic acid during pregnancy than those who knew (95%CI:1.52~5.47). Conclusion the folic acid consumption rate of women of childbearing age in Shaanxi Province is higher, but the time of taking folic acid is shorter. Cognition is an important factor affecting folic acid use and standardized use. Strengthening and enhancing folic acid cognition level is an important method to enhance folic acid to prevent neural tube malformation in women of childbearing age.
【作者單位】： 西安交通大學公共衛(wèi)生學院流行病與衛(wèi)生統(tǒng)計學系;
【基金】：陜西省衛(wèi)計委出生缺陷防治課題(No.sxwsjswzfcght2016-013)~~
【分類號】：R715.3

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