【摘要】：目的了解北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院職工絕經(jīng)過渡期狀態(tài),對絕經(jīng)的認識,對絕經(jīng)激素治療(Menopause Hormone Therapy,以下簡稱MHT)的知曉率、使用情況,及婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)師對絕經(jīng)激素治療的態(tài)度。 方法對北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院45～75歲職工及婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)師進行關(guān)于絕經(jīng)過渡期及MHT的問卷調(diào)查,建立Excel數(shù)據(jù)庫,用SPSS17.0軟件進行t檢驗、卡方檢驗、雙向無序分類資料關(guān)聯(lián)性檢驗。 結(jié)果691名職工及99名婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)生完成問卷調(diào)查。平均絕經(jīng)年齡49.32歲。絕經(jīng)過渡期情況與國內(nèi)其他研究結(jié)果大致相仿,潮熱及性生活障礙影響程度較重,χ2檢驗有明顯的職業(yè)差異(P0.001)。調(diào)查人群對絕經(jīng)期是否應(yīng)當(dāng)就診持較積極的態(tài)度,就診科室的選擇大部分為婦產(chǎn)科,就診原因主要為潮熱、骨骼疼痛及失眠。未就診率仍較高(43.30%)。職工了解MHT的主要途徑為院內(nèi)了解和咨詢相應(yīng)科室醫(yī)生,對血栓形成、肥胖、子宮內(nèi)膜癌等不同MHT風(fēng)險認識有一定誤區(qū)。50.24%的調(diào)查對象會向他人推薦MHT,36.32%的人表示愿意用藥,實際使用率為22.29%。MHT提升患者健康評分較明顯。將近51.51%婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)師本人或家人在使用MHT,經(jīng)皮雌激素在協(xié)和醫(yī)院院婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)師中使用率較低(23.3%)。 討論北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院職工對絕經(jīng)過渡期、MHT知曉率相對較高,MHT的使用率高于全國平均水平,但對性生活健康,MHT使用風(fēng)險仍存在錯誤的認識。MHT的使用可明顯提高女性健康狀態(tài)。婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)師本人及家屬使用MHT水平遠高于院內(nèi)平均水平,大部分婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)師對經(jīng)皮雌激素的使用存在顧慮。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the transition state of menopause, the understanding of menopause, the awareness and usage of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) and the attitude of obstetricians and gynecologists to menopausal hormone therapy. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on the postmenopausal transition period and MHT among 45 ~ 75-year-old workers and obstetricians in Peking Union Hospital. The Excel database was established, and t-test, chi-square test and two-way disordered classification data correlation test were carried out with SPSS17.0 software. Results 691 workers and 99 obstetricians and gynecologists completed the questionnaire. The mean menopausal age was 49.32 years. The results of menopausal transition period were similar to those of other studies in China. The influence of hot flashes and sexual disorders was more serious, and there were significant occupational differences in 蠂 2 test (P0.001). The survey population had a positive attitude towards whether to see a doctor during menopause. Gynecology and obstetrics were the majority of the choice of department of consultation, the main reasons were hot flashes, bone pain and insomnia. The rate of non-visit was still high (43.30%). The main way for workers to understand MHT is to understand and consult the corresponding department doctors in the hospital. There are certain misunderstandings about different MHT risk perceptions such as thrombosis, obesity, endometrial cancer and so on. 50.24% of the respondents will recommend MHT,36.32% to others and express their willingness to use it. The actual usage rate of 22.29%.MHT was higher than that of the patients' health score. Close to 51.51% of obstetricians and gynaecologists themselves or their families were using MHT, transdermal estrogen in low rate (23.3%) among gynecologists and obstetricians in Union Hospital. It is discussed that the awareness rate of MHT in Beijing Union Hospital is higher than the national average, but there is still a wrong understanding of the risk of MHT use in sexual health. The use of MHT can obviously improve the health status of women. The level of MHT used by obstetricians and gynaecologists was much higher than the average level in hospital. Most obstetricians and gynaecologists had concerns about the use of transdermal estrogen.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R711.75

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