本文選題：礦物質(zhì)元素 + 妊娠��； 參考：《蘭州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的：礦物質(zhì)元素含量對孕婦身體健康有重要作用。通過對北京四季青醫(yī)院、哈爾濱南崗婦產(chǎn)醫(yī)院、山西晉中婦幼醫(yī)院孕婦礦物質(zhì)元素狀況進(jìn)行流行病學(xué)調(diào)查,了解各城市孕中期婦女的礦物質(zhì)元素水平,進(jìn)一步研究礦物質(zhì)元素缺乏對孕婦身體健康的影響,為孕期科學(xué)營養(yǎng)宣教和干預(yù)指導(dǎo)提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 方法：隨機(jī)抽取北京四季青醫(yī)院、哈爾濱南崗婦產(chǎn)醫(yī)院、山西晉中婦幼醫(yī)院,收集從2011年1月至2013年1月間在婦產(chǎn)科產(chǎn)檢的孕中期(孕13-28周)樣本2429例,其中北京市802例,哈爾濱市717例,晉中市910例。調(diào)查孕婦的一般情況,采用7天24小時回顧法詢問填寫膳食營養(yǎng)攝入情況,記錄研究對象攝入食物的種類、攝入量和攝入頻度；采集血標(biāo)本測定血鈣、鎂、鐵、鋅、銅等礦物質(zhì)元素水平,分析可能的膳食影響因素及礦物質(zhì)元素水平異常對孕婦健康狀況的影響,對獲得數(shù)據(jù)用SPSS18.0統(tǒng)計軟件進(jìn)行分析。 結(jié)果：1.各組孕婦的年齡、能量和營養(yǎng)素攝入量無顯著性差異；受教育程度卻存在顯著性差異,北京最高,哈爾濱次之,晉中最低；職業(yè)分布也跟地域相關(guān),北京市無業(yè)人員、企業(yè)職工、事業(yè)單位、醫(yī)療、教育等從業(yè)人員所占比例最高,哈爾濱市經(jīng)商人員比例最高,山西晉中市農(nóng)民所占比例最高；收入也跟地域明顯相關(guān),北京和哈爾濱的月收入集中在2000～3000元,晉中為1000～2000元。2.各城市孕中期婦女鈣元素總體平均含量正常,不同城市間無差異；孕中期婦女血鈣含量在不同城市25～28歲組之間沒有差異,18～24歲組和29歲組在不同城市間差異顯著,都是晉中最高,哈爾濱次之,北京最低；但是,鈣缺乏率卻是北京最低,哈爾濱次之,晉中最高；29歲更容易缺鈣。3.各城市孕中期婦女鎂元素總體平均含量正常,不同城市間差異不大,卻十分顯著,北京最高,晉中次之,哈爾濱最低；孕中期婦女血液中鎂元素含量在不同城市各年齡組之間都存在明顯差異,各年齡組都是北京最高,晉中次之,哈爾濱最低；但是,鎂缺乏率都很低,三座城市之間沒有差異。4.各城市孕中期婦女血液中鐵元素總體平均含量正常,不同城市間無差異；三座城市各年齡段之間存在顯著差異,都是北京最高,18～29歲之間晉中最低,29～42歲組是哈爾濱最低；但是,鐵缺乏率卻是北京最低,哈爾濱次之,晉中最高；25～28歲缺鐵率最低。5.各城市孕中期婦女血液中銅元素總體平均含量正常,三個城市間差異明顯,哈爾濱最高,北京次之,晉中最低；孕中期婦女血銅含量在不同城市25～28歲組之間沒有差異,18～24歲組和29～42歲組在不同城市間差異顯著,都是晉中最低；但是,銅缺乏率卻是北京最低,哈爾濱次之,晉中最高；25～28歲相對容易缺銅。6.各城市孕中期婦女血液中鋅元素總體平均含量正常,不同城市孕中期婦女血鋅平均含量存在統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異,北京最高,哈爾濱次之,晉中最低；三個城市孕婦的鋅含量在不同年齡組之間均存在顯著差異,都是晉中最低,哈爾濱次之,北京最高；鋅缺乏率卻是北京最低,哈爾濱次之,晉中最高；18～24歲最容易缺鋅。 結(jié)論：1.三個城市孕中期婦女礦物質(zhì)元素的總體平均水平正常,能量及主要營養(yǎng)素日攝入量沒有差異；2.五種礦物質(zhì)元素的缺乏率明顯與地域有關(guān),職業(yè)、受教育程度、人均月收入等是可能的影響因素。3.三個城市礦物質(zhì)元素的缺乏都與年齡密切相關(guān),這些發(fā)現(xiàn)對于孕中期婦女有針對性地進(jìn)行礦物質(zhì)元素的補(bǔ)充提供了理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Objective: the content of mineral elements plays an important role in the health of pregnant women. Through an epidemiological survey on the mineral element status of pregnant women in Sijiqing hospital in Beijing, Nangang maternity and child hospital in Harbin and Jinzhong maternal and child hospital in Shanxi, the mineral element and element level of women in the mid-term pregnancy are understood, and the lack of mineral elements for pregnancy is further studied. The influence of women's physical health provides scientific basis for scientific nutrition education and intervention guidance during pregnancy.
Methods: randomly selected Beijing Sijiqing hospital, Harbin Nangang gynecology and obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shanxi Jinzhong maternal and child hospital, collected 2429 cases of pregnancy (13-28 weeks pregnant) from January 2011 to January 2013, including 802 cases in Beijing, 717 in Harbin and 910 in Jinzhong. The general situation of pregnant women was investigated, and 24 hours of 7 days were reviewed. The method asked to fill in the dietary intake, record the types of food intake, intake and frequency of intake, and collect blood samples to determine the level of mineral elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper and other mineral elements, analyze the effects of the possible dietary factors and the abnormal mineral elements on the health of pregnant women, and use the SPSS18.0 system to obtain data. The software is analyzed.
Results: 1. there were no significant differences in the age, energy and nutrient intake of the pregnant women in each group; there were significant differences in the education level, the highest in Beijing, the second in Harbin, the lowest in Jinzhong; the occupation distribution was also related to the region, and the proportion of employees in Beijing City, enterprise staff, career single position, medical treatment and education was the highest, Hal was the highest. The proportion of businessmen in Jinzhong city is the highest, the proportion of farmers in Jinzhong, Shanxi is the highest, the income is also closely related to the region, the monthly income of Beijing and Harbin is 2000~3000 yuan, and the average calcium content of women in the mid trimester of 1000~2000 yuan.2. is normal, and there is no difference between cities and cities. There was no difference between 25~28 years old in different cities. The difference between the 18~24 year old group and the 29 year old group was the highest in different cities, the highest in Jinzhong, the second in Harbin and the lowest in Beijing. However, the calcium deficiency rate was the lowest in Beijing, the second in Harbin and the highest in Jinzhong. The average magnesium element in the middle pregnant women in the middle pregnancy of 29 years old was more likely to be normal, Different cities have little difference, but very significant, Beijing is the highest, Jinzhong is the next, and Harbin is the lowest. The content of magnesium in the blood of women in the middle of pregnancy is significantly different between different urban age groups. All age groups are the highest in Beijing, Jinzhong the next, Harbin is the lowest; however, the magnesium deficiency rate is very low, the three cities are not between. The total average iron content in the middle pregnant women of different cities was normal, and there was no difference between different cities. There were significant differences between different cities. There were significant differences between the three cities of the three cities, the highest in Beijing, the lowest in Jinzhong between 18~29 years, and the lowest in the 29~42 year old group; however, the iron deficiency rate was the lowest in Beijing, Harbin the next, Jinzhong the most. High rate of iron deficiency at the age of 25~28 was.5., the total average copper content in the middle pregnant women in each city was normal, the difference between the three cities was the highest, the highest in Harbin, the second in Beijing and the lowest in Jinzhong. There was no difference between the women in the middle pregnancy and the 25~28 year old groups in different cities, and the difference between the 18~24 year old group and the 29~42 year old group was different between the different cities. It is the lowest in Jinzhong; however, the copper deficiency rate is the lowest in Beijing, the second in Harbin and the highest in Jinzhong; the average zinc content in the middle trimester of pregnant women at 25~28 years old is normal, and the average content of zinc in the middle pregnant women in different cities is statistically different, Beijing is the highest, Harbin the next, Jin. Among the three urban pregnant women, there were significant differences in zinc content between different age groups, the lowest in Jinzhong, the second in Harbin, the highest in Beijing, the lowest in Beijing, the second in Harbin and the highest in Jinzhong, and the most vulnerable to zinc deficiency at the age of 18~24.
Conclusion: 1. the average average level of mineral elements in women in the middle of three cities is normal, and there is no difference in energy and primary nutrition daily intake. The lack of 2. five mineral elements is obviously related to the region. The occupational, educational level and per capita monthly income are the possible factors for the deficiency of the mineral elements in the three cities of.3. and three cities. Age is closely related. These findings provide a theoretical basis for supplementation of mineral elements in pregnant women in the second trimester.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R715.3

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1 何佳南;北方三城市孕中期婦女血礦物質(zhì)元素水平分析[D];蘭州大學(xué);2014年

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本文編號：1975330