第二產(chǎn)程分娩體位對母嬰結(jié)局的影響
發(fā)布時間:2018-05-28 03:23
本文選題:手膝俯臥位 + 側(cè)臥位 ; 參考:《河北醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】:目的:探討非平臥位分娩(手膝俯臥位、側(cè)臥位)與平臥位分娩對會陰側(cè)切/裂傷/水腫情況、第二產(chǎn)程時間、產(chǎn)后2h出血量、羊水糞染、胎心情況及新生兒窒息率等的影響。 方法:本研究為前瞻性隊列研究,對2013年1月至2014年3月期間于河北醫(yī)科大學(xué)第四醫(yī)院產(chǎn)科經(jīng)陰道分娩的初產(chǎn)單胎頭位、20-36歲、37-41+6周、非藥物鎮(zhèn)痛、估計胎兒體重在2500-4500g、無陰道分娩禁忌的633例低危產(chǎn)婦進行臨床觀察分析,將第二產(chǎn)程自愿選擇手膝俯臥位、側(cè)臥位中任意一種體位的317例產(chǎn)婦作為非平臥位組,選擇平臥位分娩的316例產(chǎn)婦作為平臥位組,探討分娩體位對母嬰結(jié)局的影響。應(yīng)用SPSS13.0統(tǒng)計軟件進行數(shù)據(jù)分析,計量資料的比較,符合正態(tài)分布,采用均數(shù)及t檢驗;不符合正態(tài)分布,則采用中位數(shù)及Mann-Whitney U秩和檢驗。計數(shù)資料率的比較采用χ2檢驗、Fisher確切概率法。P0.05表示差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。 結(jié)果: 1非平臥位組會陰側(cè)切率(5.36%)低于平臥位組(23.42%),差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=41.91, P=0.000,OR=0.19,95%CI0.11-0.32);會陰Ⅰ度裂傷率(85.18%)多于平臥位(65.19%),差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=33.88,P=0.000,OR=3.07,95%CI2.08-4.52);會陰Ⅱ度裂傷率(7.57%)低于平臥位組(8.23%),會陰正中切開率(1.89%)低于平臥位組(3.16%),但差異均無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05);兩組均無會陰完整及會陰Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度裂傷。非平臥位組會陰水腫發(fā)生率(13.56%)較平臥位組(21.20%)低,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=6.43,P=0.011,OR=0.58,95%CI0.38-0.89)。2非平臥位羊水糞染發(fā)生率(20.82%)低于平臥位(33.23%),差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=12.36,P=0.000, OR=0.53,95%CI0.37-0.76)。非平臥位組第二產(chǎn)程時間長于平臥位組,第二產(chǎn)程延長發(fā)生率高于平臥位組,差異均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。非平臥位組產(chǎn)后2h出血量多于平臥位組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。非平臥位組無產(chǎn)鉗或胎吸助娩者,,無肩難產(chǎn)者,平臥位組產(chǎn)鉗助娩2例、胎吸助娩1例、肩難產(chǎn)1例,兩組比較差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。兩組第二產(chǎn)程應(yīng)用縮宮素、產(chǎn)后應(yīng)用前列腺素類藥物等比較差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。 3非平臥位組胎心正常發(fā)生率(82.34%)高于平臥位組(65.82%),差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=22.48,P=0.000, OR=2.42,95%CI1.67-3.51);胎心早期減速發(fā)生率(10.09%)低于平臥位組(17.09%),差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=6.59,P=0.010, OR=0.55,95%CI0.34-0.87);胎心變異減速發(fā)生率(2.84%)低于平臥位組(6.65%),差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=5.08,P=0.024, OR=0.41,95%CI0.19-0.91);胎心晚期減速發(fā)生率(3.15%)低于平臥位組(7.59%),差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=6.14,P=0.013, OR=0.39,95%CI0.19-0.84);兩組胎心過速差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。非平臥位組新生兒輕度窒息5例,平臥位組新生兒輕度窒息5例,重度窒息1例,兩組新生兒窒息率比較差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。 結(jié)論:第二產(chǎn)程采用非平臥位分娩(手膝俯臥位、側(cè)臥位),可以降低會陰側(cè)切率、減輕會陰裂傷程度、減少會陰水腫、降低羊水糞染及胎心減速的發(fā)生率,改善母嬰結(jié)局。非平臥位第二產(chǎn)程時間較長,但并未增加胎兒窘迫、陰道助娩率及新生兒窒息的發(fā)生率。對不增加母嬰并發(fā)癥情況下的第二產(chǎn)程時限,以及分娩過程對產(chǎn)婦盆底的影響,仍需要大樣本的研究進一步探討。非平臥位分娩過程中,產(chǎn)后2h內(nèi)陰道出血量的中位數(shù)較平臥位分娩多,但分娩體位對產(chǎn)后平均出血量的影響,仍需擴大樣本量進一步研究。
[Abstract]:Objective: To investigate the effects of parturition (prone position of hand and knee, lateral position) and lying position on perineum lateral cut / laceration / edema, second birth process time, postpartum 2H bleeding, amniotic fluid infection, fetal heart condition and neonatal asphyxia rate.
Methods: This study was a prospective cohort study. The clinical observation and analysis of 633 cases of low risk parturients in fourth hospital, Hebei Medical University, from January 2013 to March 2014, were 20-36 years old, 20-36 years old, 37-41+6 weeks, non drug analgesia, 633 cases of low risk maternal fetal weight in 2500-4500g and no taboo of vaginal delivery. 317 parturients in the lateral position and any kind of position in the lateral position were chosen as the non flat position group, and 316 parturients in the supine position were selected as the supine position. The effect of the birth position on the maternal and infant outcome was investigated. The data were analyzed with the SPSS13.0 software, and the data were compared with the normal distribution and the average number was used. And t test; the median and Mann-Whitney U rank sum test were not conformed to the normal distribution. The comparison of the count data rate was compared with the x 2 test, and the Fisher exact probability method.P0.05 indicated that the difference was statistically significant.
Result錛
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