本文選題：卵巢上皮性癌 + SOX2　； 參考：《鄭州大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：卵巢癌是婦科常見的惡性腫瘤之一，死亡率居婦科腫瘤首位，，雖然國內(nèi)外有關(guān)卵巢癌的研究眾多，但其發(fā)病原因及發(fā)病機制至今尚未研究清楚。因卵巢癌早期癥狀不易察覺、臨床缺乏有效的早期診斷措施，多數(shù)患者確診時已出現(xiàn)腹水及遠處轉(zhuǎn)移等晚期癥狀，雖然通過手術(shù)和化療能夠明顯的改善晚期卵巢癌患者的生活質(zhì)量，但總體五年生存率仍不超過46%。目前，卵巢癌已成為嚴重威脅廣大女性生命健康的最主要的婦科腫瘤。卵巢癌大多數(shù)起源于卵巢上皮組織，卵巢上皮性癌患者占卵巢癌患者總數(shù)的75%-90%，因此，研究卵巢上皮性癌發(fā)生和發(fā)展的相關(guān)機制，尋找有效的分子標記物和治療靶點，改善預(yù)后仍是目前卵巢癌研究的難點和熱點。 性別決定區(qū)Y框蛋白2(Sex determining region Y-box2，SOX2)是一種干細胞轉(zhuǎn)錄因子，在調(diào)控胚胎及組織發(fā)育、血細胞形成及神經(jīng)分化等方面起著重要的作用。近年來研究表明該基因在多種惡性腫瘤中異常表達,并與腫瘤細胞的增殖、侵襲轉(zhuǎn)移密切相關(guān)。目前，有關(guān)SOX2在卵巢上皮性癌發(fā)病機制中的作用國內(nèi)外少見報道，且結(jié)果不盡相同，仍需進一步深入研究。細胞周期素D1(CyclinD1)作為細胞周期調(diào)控基因，其表達異常可導致細胞增殖失控，已被證實與前列腺癌、肝癌、肺癌等多種惡性腫瘤的發(fā)生及發(fā)展有關(guān)。本研究通過檢測SOX2和CyclinD1在卵巢上皮性癌組織中的表達，探討SOX2和CyclinD1在卵巢上皮性癌發(fā)病機制中的作用，以期為卵巢上皮性癌的早期診斷和治療提供新的理論依據(jù)。 目的 研究不同卵巢上皮組織中SOX2和CyclinD1的表達，探討兩者在卵巢上皮性癌發(fā)生及發(fā)展中的作用及意義，并分析兩者在卵巢上皮性癌組織中表達的相關(guān)性及意義。 材料和方法 1．研究對象：收集鄭州大學第一附屬醫(yī)院及第三附屬醫(yī)院2011年8月-2013年4月手術(shù)標本83例，經(jīng)病理證實：卵巢上皮性癌組織43例（惡性組；漿液性囊腺癌26例，黏液性囊腺癌10例，子宮內(nèi)膜樣癌7例），卵巢良性上皮性腫瘤組織20例（良性組；漿液性和黏液性囊腺瘤各10例），正常卵巢上皮組織20例（正常組）。三組患者年齡21-79歲，中位年齡41歲，惡性組患者術(shù)前均未行放、化療。 2．研究方法：采用免疫組織化學（SP法）對以上83例卵巢組織中SOX2和CyclinD1蛋白的表達進行檢測。采用逆轉(zhuǎn)錄聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)（RT-PCR）方法對上述83例卵巢組織中SOX2和CyclinD1mRNA的表達進行檢測。 3．統(tǒng)計學方法：采用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計軟件分析數(shù)據(jù)。應(yīng)用2檢驗及精確概率法比較不同卵巢上皮組織中及不同臨床病理參數(shù)的卵巢上皮性癌組織中SOX2和CyclinD1蛋白的陽性表達率，檢驗水準α=0.05，組間兩兩比較時檢驗水準α′=α/比較次數(shù)=0.0167。應(yīng)用單因素方差分析比較不同卵巢上皮組織中SOX2和CyclinD1mRNA的表達水平，組間比較采用LSD-t法。卵巢上皮性癌組織中兩蛋白表達的相關(guān)性應(yīng)用Pearson列聯(lián)系數(shù)分析，檢驗水準α=0.05。 結(jié)果 1．SOX2蛋白表達陽性染色位于細胞核。SOX2蛋白在正常組、良性組、惡性組中的陽性表達率分別為5%(1/20)、45.0%(9/20)、81.4%(35/43)，存在顯著差異(P0.001)；兩兩比較差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.0167)。 2．CyclinD1蛋白表達陽性染色位于細胞核。CyclinD1蛋白在正常組、良性組、惡性組中的陽性表達率分別為0%(0/20)、35.0%(7/20)、69.8%(30/43)，存在顯著差異(P0.001)；兩兩比較差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.0167)。 3．卵巢上皮性癌組織中，SOX2和CyclinD1蛋白的表達均與FIGO分期、分化程度以及淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移有關(guān)(P0.05)；與病理類型無關(guān)(P0.05)。 4．SOX2mRNA在正常組、良性組、惡性組中的表達量分別為0.109±0.030、0.439±0.104、0.793±0.174，存在顯著差異(P0.001)；兩兩比較差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.0167)。 5． CyclinD1mRNA在正常組、良性組、惡性組中的表達量分別為0.072±0.026、0.375±0.097、0.681±0.180，存在顯著差異(P0.001)；兩兩比較差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.0167)。 6.卵巢上皮性癌組織中SOX2和CyclinD1蛋白的表達呈正相關(guān)(rp=0.422，P=0.002)。 結(jié)論 1．SOX2在卵巢上皮性癌組織中異常高表達，提示其可能參與了卵巢上皮性癌的發(fā)生及發(fā)展過程。 2．CyclinD1在卵巢上皮性癌組織中異常高表達，提示其可能參與了卵巢上皮性癌的發(fā)生及發(fā)展過程。 3．SOX2和CyclinD1蛋白在卵巢上皮性癌組織中的表達呈正相關(guān)，二者可能協(xié)同參與了卵巢上皮性癌的發(fā)生及發(fā)展過程。
[Abstract]:Ovarian cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women . The mortality rate is the first in gynecological tumors . Although there are many researches on ovarian cancer at home and abroad , the causes and pathogenesis of ovarian cancer have not been studied .

Sex determining region Y - box2 ( SOX2 ) is a kind of stem cell transcription factor , plays an important role in regulating embryonic and tissue development , blood cell formation and neurodifferentiation .

Purpose

To study the expression of SOX2 and Cyclin D1 in epithelial ovarian tissues of different ovarian tissues and to explore the roles and significance of the two in the carcinogenesis and development of epithelial ovarian carcinoma .

Materials and Methods

1 . Object : 83 cases of surgical specimens from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and the Third Affiliated Hospital from August 2011 to April 2013 were collected and confirmed by pathology : 43 cases of epithelial ovarian carcinoma ( malignant group ) ;
There were 26 cases of serous cystadenocarcinoma , 10 cases of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma , 7 cases of endometrioid carcinoma and 20 cases of benign epithelial tumor of ovary ( benign group ) .
There were 20 cases of serous and mucinous cystadenoma ( 10 cases ) and 20 cases of normal ovarian epithelial tissue ( normal group ) .

2 . The expression of SOX2 and Cyclin D1 in the above 83 ovarian tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry ( SP method ) , and the expression of SOX2 and Cyclin D1 mRNA was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT - PCR ) .

3 . Statistical methods : SPSS 17.0 was used to analyze the data . The positive rates of SOX2 and Cyclin D1 in epithelial ovarian cancer tissues of different ovarian epithelial tissues were compared by using 2 - test and accurate probability method .

Results

1 . The positive expression rate of SOX2 protein positive staining was 5 % ( 1 / 20 ) , 45.0 % ( 9 / 20 ) and 81.4 % ( 35 / 43 ) in normal , benign and malignant groups , respectively .
There was significant difference between the two groups ( P 0 . 0167 ) .

2 . The positive expression rate of Cyclin D1 protein was 0 % ( 0 / 20 ) , 35.0 % ( 7 / 20 ) and 69.8 % ( 30 / 43 ) respectively in the normal , benign and malignant groups ( P 0.001 ) .
There was significant difference between the two groups ( P 0 . 0167 ) .

3 . In epithelial ovarian carcinoma , the expression of SOX2 and Cyclin D1 was related to FIGO stage , degree of differentiation and lymph node metastasis ( P0.05 ) .
There was no correlation with pathological type ( P0.05 ) .

4 . The expression of SOX2 mRNA was 0.109 鹵 0.030 , 0.439 鹵 0.104 , 0.793 鹵 0.174 in the normal , benign and malignant groups , respectively ( P < 0.001 ) .
There was significant difference between the two groups ( P 0 . 0167 ) .

5 . The expression of Cyclin D1 mRNA in normal , benign and malignant groups was 0.072 鹵 0.026 , 0.375 鹵 0.097 , 0.681 鹵 0.180 , respectively ( P 0.001 ) .
There was significant difference between the two groups ( P 0 . 0167 ) .

6 . The expression of SOX2 and Cyclin D1 in epithelial ovarian carcinoma was positively correlated ( rp = 0.422 , P = 0.002 ) .

Conclusion

1 . SOX2 is abnormally high in epithelial ovarian carcinoma , suggesting that it may be involved in the occurrence and development of epithelial ovarian carcinoma .

2 . Cyclin D1 is abnormally high in epithelial ovarian carcinoma , suggesting that it may be involved in the occurrence and development of epithelial ovarian carcinoma .

3 . The expression of SOX2 and Cyclin D1 proteins in epithelial ovarian carcinoma is positively correlated , which may be involved in the occurrence and development of epithelial ovarian carcinoma .

【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R737.31

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