【摘要】：目的分析早產(chǎn)兒1歲時(shí)神經(jīng)發(fā)育水平及并發(fā)癥所致的影響,為改善神經(jīng)發(fā)育預(yù)后提供資料。方法以住院治療早產(chǎn)兒為研究對(duì)象,采集出生胎齡、出生體重與并發(fā)癥等資料,應(yīng)用Bayley嬰幼兒發(fā)展量表評(píng)估神經(jīng)發(fā)育水平。早產(chǎn)兒按胎齡、出生體重及有無(wú)某種并發(fā)癥分組,統(tǒng)計(jì)各組智力發(fā)展指數(shù)(MDI)、精神運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)展指數(shù)(PDI)及神經(jīng)發(fā)育等級(jí)構(gòu)成。結(jié)果矯正年齡1歲時(shí),早期早產(chǎn)兒組MDI、PDI均數(shù)均顯著低于晚期早產(chǎn)兒組(P0.05),智力、精神運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)育遲滯率均顯著高于晚期早產(chǎn)兒組(P0.01)。低出生體重兒組MDI、PDI均數(shù)均顯著低于正常出生體重兒組(P0.01),智力、精神運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)育遲滯率均顯著高于正常出生體重兒組(P0.01)。有高膽紅素血癥、出生窒息、呼吸窘迫綜合征(NRDS)早產(chǎn)兒MDI、PDI均數(shù)分別顯著低于無(wú)此類(lèi)并發(fā)癥者(P0.05)。結(jié)論胎齡越小、出生體重越低的早產(chǎn)兒智力和運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)育水平越差、發(fā)育遲滯率越高。引起早產(chǎn)兒神經(jīng)發(fā)育損害的主要并發(fā)癥可能是高膽紅素血癥、出生窒息和NRDS。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the level of nerve development and the influence of complications in premature infants at the age of 1 year, and to provide data for improving the prognosis of nerve development. Methods the data of gestational age, birth weight and complications were collected and the neurodevelopmental level was evaluated by Bayley infant development scale. Premature infants were divided into two groups according to gestational age, birth weight and complications. The mental development index (MDI),) psychomotor development index (PDI) and neurodevelopmental grade of each group were counted. Results at the corrected age of 1 year, the mean number of MDI,PDI in the early birth group was significantly lower than that in the late early birth group (P 0.05), and the intelligence and psychomotor retardation rate was significantly higher than that in the late early birth group (P 0.01). The mean number of MDI,PDI in low birth weight group was significantly lower than that in normal birth weight group (P 0.01). The rate of mental retardation and psychomotor retardation in low birth weight group was significantly higher than that in normal birth weight group (P 0.01). The mean number of MDI,PDI in premature infants with hypercholinemia, birth asphyxia and respiratory distress syndrome was significantly lower than that without such complications (P 0.05). Conclusion the younger the gestational age, the worse the intelligence and motor development level and the higher the rate of developmental retardation in premature infants with lower birth weight. The main complications of neurodevelopmental damage in premature infants may be hypercholinemia, birth asphyxia and NRDS..
【作者單位】： 長(zhǎng)沙市婦幼保健院兒童保健科;
【基金】：湖南省科技廳科研課題(2013FJ3065)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R722.6

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