兒童動(dòng)脈缺血性卒中的病因分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-05-29 05:38
【摘要】:目的:總結(jié)兒童動(dòng)脈缺血性卒中(Arterialischemicstroke,AIS)的臨床特點(diǎn)、病因及危險(xiǎn)因素,以指導(dǎo)早期診斷和有效預(yù)防。 方法:回顧性分析58例于2003年1月-2011年3月在重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬兒童醫(yī)院住院治療的AIS患兒的資料,利用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件描述年齡、性別分布等基本情況及相關(guān)病因和危險(xiǎn)因素,并分析頭部輕微外傷與基底節(jié)鈣化是否存在相關(guān)性等。 結(jié)果: (1)本組58例AIS患兒中,男31例,女27例;年齡2個(gè)月3天-13歲,平均3歲10個(gè)月,其中≥1個(gè)月~<1歲7例(12.1%),≥1歲~<3歲21例(36.2%),≥3歲~<6歲17例(29.3%),≥6歲~<13歲13例(22.4%),幼兒及學(xué)齡前兒童為發(fā)病高峰人群。 (2)本組58例AIS患兒自發(fā)病后至入院最短3小時(shí),最長3個(gè)月,平均6.8天,平均住院時(shí)間為11.45天。 (3)本組58例AIS患兒中常見神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)表現(xiàn)依次為肢體偏癱[52例(92.8%)],中樞性面癱[34例(58.6%)],運(yùn)動(dòng)性失語[16例(27.6%)],頭痛、嘔吐[11例(19.0%)],意識(shí)障礙[8例(13.8%)],驚厥[7例(12.1%)]。 (4)本組58例AIS患兒中40例行血管影像學(xué)檢查,其中33例異常(82.5%),表現(xiàn)為狹窄或中斷,其中,累及左側(cè)大腦中動(dòng)脈19例(47.5%),頸內(nèi)動(dòng)脈16例(40.0%,左右各8例),右側(cè)大腦中動(dòng)脈14例(35.0%),基底動(dòng)脈4例,腦底動(dòng)脈環(huán)缺如1例,7例(17.5%)未見明顯腦底血管網(wǎng)及椎-基底動(dòng)脈異常。 (5)本組58例AIS患兒中,常見病因?yàn)檩p微頭部外傷(26例,44.8%)、煙霧病(8例,13.8%)和顱內(nèi)感染(5例,8.6%),22例(37.9%)患兒有呼吸道感染,6例(10.3%)患兒未找到任何病因或危險(xiǎn)因素。 (6)本組58例AIS患兒中,18例(31.0%)為多病因共存,其中,15例具備2個(gè)危險(xiǎn)因素或病因,2例具備3個(gè)危險(xiǎn)因素或病因,1例具備4個(gè)危險(xiǎn)因素或病因。 結(jié)論: (1)本組58例AIS患兒中,自發(fā)病至入院間隔平均6.8天,,發(fā)病高峰年齡為幼兒時(shí)期及學(xué)齡前時(shí)期,農(nóng)村發(fā)病多于城市,男性發(fā)病多于女性。 (2)本組58例AIS患兒中,最常見的神經(jīng)功能障礙為肢體偏癱,右側(cè)偏癱較左側(cè)偏癱常見,其他常見神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)表現(xiàn)為中樞性面癱、運(yùn)動(dòng)性失語及頭痛、嘔吐等。 (3)本組行血管影像學(xué)檢查的40例AIS患兒中,大腦中動(dòng)脈狹窄或中斷最常見,其中,左側(cè)受累較右側(cè)多見,其次為頸內(nèi)動(dòng)脈受累,7例行血管影像學(xué)檢查(MRA或CTA)未見腦底血管網(wǎng)及椎-基底動(dòng)脈異常。 (4)本組58例AIS患兒中,常見的病因?yàn)檩p微頭部外傷、煙霧病及顱內(nèi)感染,較多患兒病前或病程中有上呼吸道感染。因此,積極預(yù)防感染、減少頭部外傷,對(duì)突發(fā)偏癱患兒早期行頭顱影像和血管檢查將有利于AIS的早期診斷和預(yù)防。
[Abstract]:Objective: to summarize the clinical characteristics, etiology and risk factors of arterial ischemic stroke (Arterialischemicstroke,AIS) in children, so as to guide early diagnosis and effective prevention. Methods: the data of 58 children with AIS hospitalized in the affiliated Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2003 to March 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. the age was described by SPSS17.0 statistical software. Sex distribution and related etiology and risk factors were analyzed, and the correlation between mild head trauma and basal ganglia calcification was analyzed. Results: (1) of the 58 children with AIS, 31 were male and 27 were female; The age ranged from 2 months to 13 years, with an average of 3 years and 10 months. Among them, 7 cases (12.1%) were 鈮
本文編號(hào):2487696
[Abstract]:Objective: to summarize the clinical characteristics, etiology and risk factors of arterial ischemic stroke (Arterialischemicstroke,AIS) in children, so as to guide early diagnosis and effective prevention. Methods: the data of 58 children with AIS hospitalized in the affiliated Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2003 to March 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. the age was described by SPSS17.0 statistical software. Sex distribution and related etiology and risk factors were analyzed, and the correlation between mild head trauma and basal ganglia calcification was analyzed. Results: (1) of the 58 children with AIS, 31 were male and 27 were female; The age ranged from 2 months to 13 years, with an average of 3 years and 10 months. Among them, 7 cases (12.1%) were 鈮
本文編號(hào):2487696
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