【摘要】：目的探討同胎齡段早產(chǎn)兒支氣管肺發(fā)育不良(BPD)的高危因素和臨床特點,為提高臨床診治水平提供參考依據(jù)。方法選取貴州省人民醫(yī)院2012年1月至2016年12月收治的132例BPD早產(chǎn)兒和同期非BPD早產(chǎn)兒137例作為研究對象,并根據(jù)臨床分度標準將BPD患兒分為輕度BPD組(n=42)和中重度BPD組(n=90)。比較不同分組患兒的臨床特點及BPD的高危因素。結(jié)果 BPD早產(chǎn)兒的高危因素包括低胎齡、低出生體質(zhì)量、機械通氣及輸血。中重度BPD組患兒的CPAP或呼吸機持續(xù)時間大于7d以及輸血的百分比顯著高于輕度BPD組,輸血量、吸氧時間和住院時間顯著高于輕度組,差異均具有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)。BPD患兒胎齡小于32周的占92.4%,出生體質(zhì)量小于1 500g的占87.1%,在早期主要表現(xiàn)為Ⅰ級呼吸窘迫綜合征,隨著治療時間的延長,在4周前輕度組患兒肺透亮度減低的比例逐漸增加;而中重度患者在早期同樣表現(xiàn)為Ⅰ級呼吸窘迫綜合征,在2~3周后同輕度組,第4周后該組患兒會發(fā)展至BPDⅣ期。結(jié)論 BPD早產(chǎn)兒的高危因素包括低胎齡、低出生體質(zhì)量、機械通氣及輸血等。根據(jù)患兒的臨床特點有助于判斷BPD的嚴重程度,對指導臨床制訂有效的治療措施和預(yù)防病情加重具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the high risk factors and clinical characteristics of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants of the same gestational age, and to provide reference for the improvement of clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods from January 2012 to December 2016, 132 premature infants with BPD and 137 preterm infants with non-BPD in Guizhou people's Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016 were selected as subjects. Children with BPD were divided into mild BPD group (n = 42) and moderate or severe BPD group (n = 90) according to clinical grading criteria. The clinical features and high risk factors of BPD in different groups were compared. Results the risk factors of premature infants with BPD included low gestational age, low birth mass, mechanical ventilation and blood transfusion. The duration of CPAP or ventilator in moderate and severe BPD group was more than 7 days and the percentage of blood transfusion was significantly higher than that in mild BPD group. The blood transfusion volume, oxygen inhalation time and hospitalization time were significantly higher than those in mild BPD group. The difference was statistically significant (P0.05). The gestational age of bpd was less than 32 weeks (92.4%), the birth weight of bpd was less than 1 500g (87.1%), the main manifestation of bpd was grade 鈪，

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