【摘要】：目的兒童支氣管哮喘是近年來十分引人關(guān)注的全球公共健康問題，也是兒童最常見的慢性疾病，嚴重影響兒童的健康及生長發(fā)育。兒童哮喘的發(fā)病率約為5%～l0％，流行病學資料顯示其發(fā)病率和病死率都有上升趨勢。本研究擬通過對195例支氣管哮喘急性發(fā)作兒童的臨床資料進行分析，探討不同年齡組哮喘急性發(fā)作兒童的臨床特點。 方法回顧性分析2006年1月至2010年12月在我院兒科住院的195例哮喘急性發(fā)作患兒的臨床資料，，病例入選標準參照中華醫(yī)學會兒科分會呼吸學組2008年“兒童支氣管哮喘診斷與防治指南”所規(guī)定的確診標準。比較5歲前和5歲后2個年齡組患兒的臨床特點，采用SPSS13.0統(tǒng)計軟件進行統(tǒng)計學分析，呈正態(tài)分布的計量資料以χ±s表示，兩組間比較用t檢驗；計數(shù)資料用χ2檢驗，檢驗水準取α=0.05,以P＜0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計學意義。 結(jié)果與≥5歲組患兒相比，＜5歲組患兒在秋冬季發(fā)病率更高（72.13%vs54.79%），具有血小板計數(shù)高（287.86±90.12vs255.71±65.87）、住院時間長（7.37±2.83vs5.57±2.62）、合并肺炎率高（27.87%vs6.85%）及支原體感染率高（13.11%vs2.74%），過去1年喘息發(fā)作的次數(shù)多（6.03±2.40vs0.61±1.00），哮喘及時診斷率低(19.67%vs61.64%)和治療率低的特點（25.00%vs71.11%）（P＜0.05）。 結(jié)論＜5歲組患兒在哮喘急性發(fā)作時炎癥反應表現(xiàn)較重，更易并發(fā)肺炎和支原體感染，哮喘及時診斷率較低，治療依從性較差。
[Abstract]:Objective bronchial asthma in children is a global public health problem which attracts much attention in recent years. It is also the most common chronic disease in children, which seriously affects children's health, growth and development. The incidence of asthma in children is about 5% and 10%. Epidemiological data show that the incidence and mortality of asthma are on the rise. In this study, the clinical data of 195 children with acute attack of bronchial asthma were analyzed to explore the clinical characteristics of children with acute attack of asthma in different age groups. Methods the clinical data of 195 children with acute asthma attack who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2006 to December 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the diagnostic and preventive criteria of bronchial asthma in 2008, the respiratory group of Pediatrics Branch of Chinese Medical Association was referred to the criteria of diagnosis and treatment of bronchial asthma. The clinical characteristics of two age groups before and after 5 years old were compared. The statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS13.0 statistical software. The measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as 鹵s, and the t test was used between the two groups. The counting data were measured by 蠂 2 test. The level of the test was 偽 = 0.05, P < 0.05. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Results compared with the group of 鈮

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