2010-2011年蘭州地區(qū)嬰幼兒病毒性腹瀉流行病學研究
發(fā)布時間:2019-03-26 17:22
【摘要】:目的:A組輪狀病毒、杯狀病毒、星狀病毒和腺病毒是引起嬰幼兒腹瀉的常見病毒病原。本研究旨在了解2010-2011年度蘭州地區(qū)嬰幼兒急性腹瀉中這四種病毒的流行現(xiàn)狀,為小兒病毒性腹瀉的防治提供參考。 方法:收集2010年7月至2011年6月就診于蘭州大學第一醫(yī)院兒科的5歲以下急性腹瀉患兒糞便標本295份,采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(ELISA)檢測A組輪狀病毒,陽性標本采用巢式PCR進行G、P分型;同時采用RT-PCR或PCR檢測杯狀病毒、星狀病毒及腺病毒,陽性標本進行基因測序,腺病毒陽性標本進一步采用巢式PCR及多重PCR進行Hexon及Fiber分型。 結果:1、2010年7月至2011年6月,蘭州地區(qū)的295份腹瀉患兒糞便標本中,病毒的總檢出率是61.4%,其中居于首位的是A組輪狀病毒,占44.7%(132/295),其次為杯狀病毒(13.2%,39/295)、腺病毒(5.1%,15/295)及人星狀病毒(4.7%,14/295)。分型結果顯示:輪狀病毒G血清型中以G1(36.4%),其次是G9(31.1%),P基因型中以P[8](74.2%),其次是P[4](6.8%),二者組合以G1P[8]為主(29.5%);杯狀病毒中69.2%為諾如病毒,其余是札如病毒,諾如病毒以GⅡ-3(13例)為主,其次為GⅡ-4(12例);腺病毒以F組的41型(10/15)為主,同時還檢測到1例A組的31型,2例B組的3型及C組的5型和6型各一例;人星狀病毒以血清型1型為主,占64.3%(9/14),其余為4型。 2、本研究病毒的混合感染率為1O.5%(19/181),均為兩種病毒的混合感染,其中輪狀病毒和GⅡ型諾如病毒、札如病毒、人星狀病毒、腺病毒的混合感染例數分別是3例、3例、5例、5例,GⅡ型諾如病毒和腺病毒混合感染1例,札如病毒和腺病毒混合感染2例;在流行季節(jié)方面,輪狀病毒主要以冬春季節(jié)為主,而杯狀病毒、腺病毒和星狀病毒的流行高峰分別是冬季、春夏季和春季;在年齡分布上,四種病毒均主要在2歲以下兒童中檢出。 結論:本次研究顯示病毒性病原在嬰幼兒腹瀉中占重要地位,輪狀病毒居首位,G9型輪狀病毒及GⅡ-3型諾如病毒的檢出率較過去增高,其潛在的公共衛(wèi)生影響需要予以監(jiān)測和關注。 第二部分:人新型星狀病毒的流行病學研究 目的:最近在腹瀉或正常兒童糞便標本中發(fā)現(xiàn)了幾種新型星狀病毒,隨后在發(fā)熱患兒的血清中被檢出,被認為可能與腹瀉及呼吸道感染相關。我國缺乏相關的研究,其在中國的流行情況尚屬未知。本研究的目的即探討這些新型星狀病毒在我國蘭州及南京地區(qū)的流行情況及其臨床疾病特點。 方法:收集2010年7月至2011年6月期間就診于蘭州大學第一醫(yī)院兒科及南京兒童醫(yī)院消化科的5歲以下急性腹瀉患兒糞便標本723份,利用一步法RT-PCR方法,采用針對人星狀病毒ORF1b區(qū)的通用引物SF0073/SF0076進行檢測,陽性標本采用針對ORF2區(qū)的特異性引物進行分型。對陽性標本進行基因測序,利用DNAstar和MEGA4.0軟件進行序列分析,使用SPSS17.0進行統(tǒng)計學分析。 結果:2010年7月至2011年6月,蘭州地區(qū)及南京地區(qū)的723份腹瀉糞便標本中,新型星狀病毒的檢出率為1.5%(11/723),其中蘭州地區(qū)的檢出率為2.4%(7/295),南京地區(qū)的檢出率為0.9%(4/428),兩地檢出率之間差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(X2=1.547,P=0.214)。分型結果顯示:其中7例AstV-MLB1,2例AstV-MLB2及2例HMOAstV-A,未檢出HMOAstV-B、C及HAstV-VA1-3,3例AstV-MLB1與輪狀病毒混合感染,未發(fā)現(xiàn)與杯狀病毒和腺病毒混合感染的病例。在腹瀉發(fā)生的年齡分布、腹瀉持續(xù)的天數、腹瀉頻率及發(fā)熱和嘔吐的發(fā)生率方面,新型星狀病毒與經典的星狀病毒之間無統(tǒng)計學意義(P值均大于0.05)。 結論:本研究結果顯示新型星狀病毒在我國蘭州和南京地區(qū)腹瀉患兒中存在,可能是嬰幼兒病毒性腹瀉的病原之一,需要進一步的研究。
[Abstract]:Objective: A group of rotavirus, cup-shaped virus, star-like virus and adenovirus are the most common viral pathogens causing infantile diarrhea. The purpose of this study is to understand the prevalence of these four viruses in infant acute diarrhea in Lanzhou,2010-2011, and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of children's viral diarrhea. Methods: A total of 295 stool specimens from children under 5 years of age from July 2010 to June 2011 were collected from the first hospital in Lanzhou University, and the group A rotavirus was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The positive samples were sequenced by RT-PCR or PCR, then nested PCR and multiplex PCR were used to carry out the Hexon and Fiber separation. Results: From July 2010 to June 2011, the total detection rate of the virus was 61.4% in the stool samples of 295 children with diarrhea in Lanzhou area. The first one was group A rotavirus, 44.7% (132/295), followed by cup (13.2%,39/295) and adenovirus (5 .1%,15/295) and human astrovirus (4.7%,14/2 The results showed that in the serotype G, G1 (36.4%), followed by G9 (31.1%), P[8] (74.2%), followed by P[4] (6.8%), with the combination of G1P[8] as the main (29.5%), and 69.2% in the cup. For example, the other viruses, such as viruses, Norovirus, G 鈪,
本文編號:2447760
[Abstract]:Objective: A group of rotavirus, cup-shaped virus, star-like virus and adenovirus are the most common viral pathogens causing infantile diarrhea. The purpose of this study is to understand the prevalence of these four viruses in infant acute diarrhea in Lanzhou,2010-2011, and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of children's viral diarrhea. Methods: A total of 295 stool specimens from children under 5 years of age from July 2010 to June 2011 were collected from the first hospital in Lanzhou University, and the group A rotavirus was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The positive samples were sequenced by RT-PCR or PCR, then nested PCR and multiplex PCR were used to carry out the Hexon and Fiber separation. Results: From July 2010 to June 2011, the total detection rate of the virus was 61.4% in the stool samples of 295 children with diarrhea in Lanzhou area. The first one was group A rotavirus, 44.7% (132/295), followed by cup (13.2%,39/295) and adenovirus (5 .1%,15/295) and human astrovirus (4.7%,14/2 The results showed that in the serotype G, G1 (36.4%), followed by G9 (31.1%), P[8] (74.2%), followed by P[4] (6.8%), with the combination of G1P[8] as the main (29.5%), and 69.2% in the cup. For example, the other viruses, such as viruses, Norovirus, G 鈪,
本文編號:2447760
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