【摘要】：目的:調(diào)查長(zhǎng)沙市岳麓區(qū)3~5歲學(xué)齡前兒童維生素D(Vit D)不足與缺乏的現(xiàn)狀,了解3~5歲學(xué)齡前兒童超重及肥胖與Vit D不足與缺乏的關(guān)聯(lián)強(qiáng)度。方法:2015年10至12月,采用分層整群抽樣法,選取岳麓區(qū)3個(gè)街道16所幼兒園的2 872名3~5歲兒童,進(jìn)行體格及生化檢查,對(duì)兒童家長(zhǎng)進(jìn)行問(wèn)卷調(diào)查。根據(jù)其體重指數(shù)和Vit D缺乏情況,分別計(jì)算正常體型、超重及肥胖兒童的Vit D不足[血清總25(OH)D 20~30 ng/m L]率和缺乏[血清總25(OH)D20 ng/m L]率。利用多因素logistic模型,分析超重及肥胖與Vit D不足和缺乏的關(guān)聯(lián)。結(jié)果:長(zhǎng)沙3~5歲兒童Vit D不足率和缺乏率分別為39.6%(95%CI:37.8%~41.4%)和19.5%(95%CI:18.1%~21.0%);5歲兒童較4歲及以下兒童的Vit D不足率高(P0.05);補(bǔ)充過(guò)Vit D制劑、課外活動(dòng)量5 h/周者的Vit D不足率和缺乏率較其他人群低(P0.05);牛奶飲用量越多,Vit D不足率和缺乏率越低(P0.05);3~5歲兒童超重及肥胖總患病率為19.3%(95%CI:17.8%~20.7%)。不同體型兒童Vit D不足率和缺乏率不完全相同;超重、肥胖兒童的Vit D不足率和缺乏率高于正常體型組(P0.017),分別為48.6%(95%CI:44.4%~52.9%)和24.6%(95%CI:21.1%~28.4%);在調(diào)整混雜因素的情況下,兒童超重或肥胖仍是Vit D不足和缺乏的危險(xiǎn)因素[與Vit D不足的ORadj=1.37(95%CI:1.26~1.93);與Vit D缺乏的ORadj=1.40(95%CI:1.32~2.01)]。結(jié)論:長(zhǎng)沙岳麓區(qū)3~5歲超重及肥胖兒童的Vit D不足率和缺乏率高于正常體型兒童,超重及肥胖兒童是Vit D缺乏干預(yù)的重點(diǎn)人群。
[Abstract]:Aim: to investigate the status of vitamin D (Vit D) deficiency and deficiency in preschool children aged 3-5 years old in Yuelu District of Changsha City, and to understand the relationship between overweight, obesity and Vit-D deficiency in preschool children aged 3-5 years. Methods: from October to December 2015, 2 872 3-5-year-old children from 16 kindergartens in 3 streets of Yuelu District were selected by stratified cluster sampling. Physical and biochemical examinations were carried out, and the parents of the children were investigated by questionnaire. According to body mass index (BMI) and Vit D deficiency, the rates of Vit D deficiency in normal, overweight and obese children [total serum 25 (OH) D20 ~ 30 ng/m / L] and deficiency rate [total serum 25 (OH) D20 ng/m L] were calculated. Multivariate logistic model was used to analyze the relationship between overweight and obesity and Vit D deficiency and deficiency. Results: the prevalence of Vit-D deficiency and deficiency were 39.6% (95% CI / 37.8%) and 19.5% (95% CI / 18.1% / 21.0%) in 5-year-old children in Changsha respectively. The rate of Vit-D deficiency in 5-year-old children was higher than that in 4-year-old children (P0.05), and the rate of Vit-D deficiency and deficiency in 5-hour / week extracurricular activities was lower than that in other groups (P0.05). The higher the consumption of milk, the lower the rate of, Vit D deficiency and obesity (P0.05), and the overall prevalence of overweight and obesity in 5-year-old children was 19.3% (95% CI 17.8% / 20.7%). The rates of Vit-D deficiency and deficiency in children of different somatotypes were not exactly the same. The rate of Vit-D deficiency and deficiency in overweight and obese children was higher than that in normal children (P0.017), which were 48.6% (95% CI / 44.4%) and 24.6% (95% CI / 21.1% / 28.4%), respectively. In adjusting for confounding factors, overweight or obesity was still a risk factor for Vit D deficiency and deficiency [ORadj=1.37 (95%CI:1.26~1.93) with Vit D deficiency; ORadj=1.40 (95%CI:1.32~2.01) with Vit D deficiency]. Conclusion: the Vit-D deficiency rate and deficiency rate of overweight and obesity children aged 3-5 years in Yuelu district of Changsha were higher than those of normal type children. Overweight and obesity children were the key population of Vit-D deficiency intervention.
【作者單位】： 中南大學(xué)材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院;長(zhǎng)沙市岳麓區(qū)婦幼保健所;湖南師范大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)系;
【基金】：湖南省自然科學(xué)基金(2017JJ3215) 湖南省教育廳科學(xué)研究項(xiàng)目(17C0961)~~
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R723.14

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