480例住院新生兒的病死率及死亡原因分析
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the clinical characteristics and causes of death of hospitalized neonates, and to provide evidence for the study and formulation of targeted strategies to reduce neonatal mortality. Methods the clinical data of 480 newborns who died from January 2008 to December 2014 were collected, and the mortality rate of the newborns of different years, different birth ages, birth weight, different gender and different days of age were analyzed. The perinatal abnormal factors, causes of death and death grade were summarized. Results 480 of 41,910 hospitalized neonates died, The mortality rate was 1.1. The mortality of preterm infants was 1.7 and that of full-term infants was 0.7.The mortality of hospitalized neonates decreased from 1.4% in 2008 to 1.1% in 2014. The mortality of premature infants of 32 weeks of gestational age and 1 000 g of birth weight was the most obvious. The lower the gestational age, the higher the mortality of preterm and term infants. The lower the birth weight, the higher the mortality. The neonatal mortality was higher in males (1.31%vs 0.92 vs P 0.05). 61.3% of the dead neonates had definite perinatal abnormal factors, including amniotic fluid abnormality (29.4%), premature rupture of membranes (16.9%), abnormal placenta (16.9%), fetal distress (14.0%), abnormal umbilical cord (12.3%). 242 cases (50.4%) died in 37.7% of 28 days. The first three causes of death were infection, birth defect and respiratory distress syndrome. From 2008 to 2011, respiratory distress syndrome was the leading cause of neonatal death, and infection was the most important cause from 2012 to 2014. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was the main cause of premature infants of 32 weeks of gestational age, weight of 1 500g newborns and death of newborns within 24 hours after birth, and infection was caused by 32 weeks of gestational age and 42 weeks of gestational age. The main causes of neonatal death at birth weight of 1 500 ~ 4 000 g and postnatal 8 ~ 28 d. Neonatal asphyxia is the main cause of death in expired infants. 54.4% of the 480 cases have inevitable death (level 1); 23.3% of them may avoid death (level 2) by creating conditions; 22.3% of them have died (third level) because of worrying about prognosis or not cooperating with treatment for reasons such as economy and so on. Conclusion the level of neonatal rescue is increasing gradually, and the mortality rate is decreasing, especially in the cases with smaller gestational age and lower birth weight. It is an important measure to reduce neonatal mortality to strengthen perinatal management, prevent neonatal infection and enhance the confidence of parents.
【作者單位】: 南方醫(yī)科大學陸軍總醫(yī)院臨床醫(yī)學院附屬八一兒童醫(yī)院;廣東醫(yī)科大學兒科學教研室;陸軍總醫(yī)院臨床醫(yī)學院附屬八一兒童醫(yī)院;
【分類號】:R722.1
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