2011年-2014年黃山地區(qū)兒童支原體感染流行病學(xué)分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-27 18:13
【摘要】：目的:了解肺炎支原體(Mycoplasma pneumaniae,MP)在黃山地區(qū)小兒呼吸道感染中的發(fā)病情況;分析近年來肺炎支原體感染在該地區(qū)兒童中的流行病學(xué)變化特點(diǎn),為增強(qiáng)本地區(qū)對MP感染的防治工作提供可靠的臨床依據(jù)。方法:選取2011年1月-2014年12月在黃山市人民醫(yī)院兒科住院就診的呼吸道感染的患兒5637例,選用濰坊市康華生物技術(shù)有限公司肺炎支原體抗體IgM檢測試劑盒(膠體金法)進(jìn)行檢測,并對所收集的資料根據(jù)不同性別、年齡、月、季節(jié)、居住環(huán)境及所致疾病情況等數(shù)據(jù)運(yùn)用回顧性對照研究的方法進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果:送檢病例計(jì)5637例,1251例結(jié)果為陽性,陽性率為22.19%,MP感染率男女性別患兒間無顯著性差異(P0.05);不同年齡組均可發(fā)病,MP感染率具年齡差異性(P0.05),6個(gè)月小嬰兒感染率最低(7.74%),小于4-7歲年齡組的嬰幼兒,MP感染率呈現(xiàn)與年齡增長正相關(guān)趨勢,4-7歲年齡組MP感染率可高達(dá)(38.41%),7-14歲年齡組感染率則呈下降趨勢;黃山地區(qū)MP感染可發(fā)生在全年四季,但季節(jié)性差異明顯,具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05),冬春季節(jié)明顯高于夏秋,2013年冬季MP感染率高達(dá)(38.28%),為各季節(jié)感染率之首,2011夏季感染率僅為9.80%;MP感染率存在居住環(huán)境差異性,城市兒童MP感染率明顯高于鄉(xiāng)村(P0.05);總的MP感染率在四年中有逐漸上升的趨勢,但2013年的感染率與其他年份同期相比明顯增高,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。MP陽性率在各類呼吸道感染性疾病中以大葉性肺炎最高達(dá)到76.71%,繼之為間質(zhì)性肺炎達(dá)59.77%,哮喘合并感染患兒達(dá)43.28%,支氣管肺炎為22.90%,支氣管炎為9.36%,上呼吸道感染為16.02%,而毛細(xì)支氣管炎的MP陽性率最低為5.03%,MP感染陽性率在不同疾病中的差異顯著,具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。結(jié)論:1、MP感染是近四年黃山地區(qū)兒童呼吸道感染性疾病的主要病原菌,尤其是在4-7歲年齡組的兒童;2、近四年來MP感染率呈逐年上升趨勢,感染率呈現(xiàn)顯著季節(jié)性及年齡差異性,無性別差異;3、2013年黃山地區(qū)可能發(fā)生較明顯的MP感染爆發(fā)流行;4、臨床及疾病預(yù)防控制部門需重視對MP感染的防治,尤其是托兒所、幼兒園、學(xué)校、社團(tuán)等集體機(jī)構(gòu)。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the incidence of mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mycoplasma pneumaniae,MP) in children with respiratory tract infection in Huangshan area, and to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children in Huangshan area in recent years. To enhance the prevention and treatment of MP infection in this area to provide a reliable clinical basis. Methods: 5637 cases of respiratory tract infection were selected from January 2011 to December 2014 in Huangshan people's Hospital. The IgM kit (colloidal gold method) of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody detection kit of Weifang Kanghua Biotechnology Co., Ltd was selected to detect the data collected according to sex, age, month and season. The data of living environment and related diseases were analyzed by the method of retrospective control study. Results: 5637 cases were positive. The positive rate of MP infection rate was 22.19%. There was no significant difference between male and female children with MP infection rate (P0.05), and the infection rate of MP was the lowest in 6-month-old infants (7.74%), and the rate of MP infection in infants younger than 4-7 years old was the lowest (P0.05). The infection rate of MP in the 4-7 age group was as high as 38.41%. The infection rate in the 7-14 age group showed a downward trend. MP infection can occur in the four seasons of the whole year in Huangshan area, but the seasonal difference is obvious. The infection rate of MP in winter and winter was as high as 38.28% (P0.05). The infection rate of MP was 9.80% in summer of 2011. The infection rate of MP in urban children was significantly higher than that in rural areas (P0.05), and the total infection rate of MP increased gradually in four years, but the infection rate in 2013 was significantly higher than that in other years. The positive rate of MP was 76.71 in all kinds of respiratory infectious diseases, 59.77 in interstitial pneumonia, 43.28 in asthmatic children with infection, 22.90 in bronchopneumonia, 9.36 in bronchitis, and in bronchitis. The positive rate of MP in bronchiolitis was the lowest, and the positive rate of MP in different diseases was significantly different. There was statistical significance (P0.05). Conclusion the infection of MP is the main pathogen of respiratory tract infection in Huangshan area in the last four years, especially in the age group of 4-7 years. The infection rate of MP has been increasing year by year in the past four years, and the infection rate is seasonal and different in age. There is no sex difference. In 2013, there may be a more obvious outbreak of MP infection in Huangshan area. Clinical and disease prevention and control departments should pay attention to the prevention and treatment of MP infection, especially nurseries, kindergartens, schools, associations and other collective organizations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：皖南醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：R725.1
本文編號(hào)：2208047
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the incidence of mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mycoplasma pneumaniae,MP) in children with respiratory tract infection in Huangshan area, and to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children in Huangshan area in recent years. To enhance the prevention and treatment of MP infection in this area to provide a reliable clinical basis. Methods: 5637 cases of respiratory tract infection were selected from January 2011 to December 2014 in Huangshan people's Hospital. The IgM kit (colloidal gold method) of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody detection kit of Weifang Kanghua Biotechnology Co., Ltd was selected to detect the data collected according to sex, age, month and season. The data of living environment and related diseases were analyzed by the method of retrospective control study. Results: 5637 cases were positive. The positive rate of MP infection rate was 22.19%. There was no significant difference between male and female children with MP infection rate (P0.05), and the infection rate of MP was the lowest in 6-month-old infants (7.74%), and the rate of MP infection in infants younger than 4-7 years old was the lowest (P0.05). The infection rate of MP in the 4-7 age group was as high as 38.41%. The infection rate in the 7-14 age group showed a downward trend. MP infection can occur in the four seasons of the whole year in Huangshan area, but the seasonal difference is obvious. The infection rate of MP in winter and winter was as high as 38.28% (P0.05). The infection rate of MP was 9.80% in summer of 2011. The infection rate of MP in urban children was significantly higher than that in rural areas (P0.05), and the total infection rate of MP increased gradually in four years, but the infection rate in 2013 was significantly higher than that in other years. The positive rate of MP was 76.71 in all kinds of respiratory infectious diseases, 59.77 in interstitial pneumonia, 43.28 in asthmatic children with infection, 22.90 in bronchopneumonia, 9.36 in bronchitis, and in bronchitis. The positive rate of MP in bronchiolitis was the lowest, and the positive rate of MP in different diseases was significantly different. There was statistical significance (P0.05). Conclusion the infection of MP is the main pathogen of respiratory tract infection in Huangshan area in the last four years, especially in the age group of 4-7 years. The infection rate of MP has been increasing year by year in the past four years, and the infection rate is seasonal and different in age. There is no sex difference. In 2013, there may be a more obvious outbreak of MP infection in Huangshan area. Clinical and disease prevention and control departments should pay attention to the prevention and treatment of MP infection, especially nurseries, kindergartens, schools, associations and other collective organizations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：皖南醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：R725.1
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