本文選題：兒童 + 棘球蚴病��； 參考：《中國疾病預(yù)防控制中心》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究的目標(biāo)旨在掌握青海省果洛藏族自治州在校兒童棘球蚴病流行情況和特征,探討兒童患病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素和不同類型超聲診斷儀對(duì)兒童棘球蚴病的診斷價(jià)值,研究確定影響目前常用診斷試劑血清學(xué)檢查結(jié)果的影響因素,為預(yù)防兒童棘球蚴病、制定有針對(duì)性的防治措施、評(píng)估防治效果以及在大規(guī)模防治工作中選取適宜的診斷工具等提供科學(xué)的依據(jù)。 本研究通過對(duì)果洛藏族自治州在校兒童棘球蚴病的普查,發(fā)現(xiàn)果洛州地區(qū)兒童棘球蚴病的流行十分嚴(yán)重,其患病率和血清陽性率分別為2.43%和19.75%,其中細(xì)粒棘球蚴病患病率為0.81%,多房棘球蚴病患病率為1.63%。在5個(gè)調(diào)查縣中,以達(dá)日縣兒童血清陽性率(22.57%)和患病率(5.16%)最高。女童血清陽性率和患病率均高于男童。兒童患病率隨年齡的增長(zhǎng)呈現(xiàn)逐漸增高的趨勢(shì)。另外,研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)患病兒童基本均處于疾病早期的無癥狀階段。 通過病例對(duì)照研究發(fā)現(xiàn),果洛藏族自治州兒童患棘球蚴病與其每天不洗手和鄰居家養(yǎng)犬有關(guān)。提示養(yǎng)成兒童的洗手習(xí)慣、控制犬的數(shù)量和驅(qū)蟲是預(yù)防兒童棘球蚴病的關(guān)鍵措施。 本研究通過單一指標(biāo)和多項(xiàng)指標(biāo)綜合評(píng)價(jià)的方式,比較分析了不同類型超聲儀棘球蚴病病灶影像清晰度的差別。結(jié)果表明,彩色超聲的二維圖像清晰度優(yōu)于黑白B超,而且前者的血流顯像功能為多房棘球蚴病的鑒別診斷提供了依據(jù),提示彩色超聲儀更適用于棘球蚴病流行區(qū)病例的診斷和評(píng)估療效。 本研究利用單因素和多因素logistic回歸分析,探討了影響國內(nèi)棘球蚴病常用診斷試劑血清學(xué)檢查結(jié)果的相關(guān)因素。結(jié)果表明,最大病灶的直徑和病灶分型是影響細(xì)粒棘球蚴病病例血清學(xué)檢測(cè)結(jié)果的主要因素；多房棘球蚴病例血清學(xué)檢查結(jié)果則主要受最大病灶直徑和性別的影響。
[Abstract]:The aim of this study was to understand the prevalence and characteristics of echinococcosis in children in Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, and to explore the risk factors of children's disease and the diagnostic value of different types of ultrasound diagnostic instruments for children with echinococcosis. In order to prevent echinococcosis in children, we have determined the factors that affect the results of serological examination of commonly used diagnostic reagents at present. Evaluation of prevention and control effect and selection of appropriate diagnostic tools in large-scale prevention and control work provide scientific basis. Based on the survey of echinococcosis in school children in Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, it was found that the prevalence of echinococcosis in children in Guoluo Prefecture was very serious. The prevalence rate and seropositive rate were 2.43% and 19.75% respectively. The prevalence of echinococcosis was 0.81 and that of multilocular echinococcosis was 1.63. Among the five counties, the positive rate (22.57%) and prevalence rate (5.16%) of children in Dari County were the highest. The positive rate and prevalence rate of serum in girls were higher than those in boys. The prevalence rate of children increases gradually with the increase of age. In addition, the study also found that the sick children are basically in the early stage of the disease asymptomatic. A case-control study showed that the incidence of echinococcosis in the children of Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture was related to their daily failure to wash their hands and their neighbors' domestic dogs. It was suggested that the key measures to prevent echinococcosis in children were to develop the habit of washing hands in children, to control the number of dogs and to control insect repellent. In this study, we compared and analyzed the difference of image clarity of different types of ultrasound instruments with single index and multiple indexes. The results showed that the definition of color ultrasound was superior to that of black and white B ultrasound, and the function of the former provided a basis for the differential diagnosis of multilocularis echinococcosis. The results suggest that color ultrasound is more suitable for the diagnosis and evaluation of patients with echinococcosis in endemic areas. In this study, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the related factors affecting serological results of diagnostic reagents for echinococcosis in China. The results showed that the diameter and type of the largest lesions were the main factors affecting the serological results of the patients with hydatid granulosus, while the serological results of the patients with multilocularis were mainly affected by the diameter and sex of the largest lesions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國疾病預(yù)防控制中心
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R725.3

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