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  本文選題：側(cè)面碰撞 + 6歲兒童　； 參考：《天津科技大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：交通事故中兒童盡管不是死亡的主體,但他們是道路交通安全中的弱勢群體,且人們對于兒童乘員的保護(hù)意識相對薄弱。另外,大多數(shù)汽車公司致力于成人安全保護(hù)系統(tǒng)的開發(fā),對于兒童乘員安全約束系統(tǒng)的研究相對欠缺,所以,構(gòu)建具有較高仿真度的兒童有限元模型顯得尤為重要,利用該模型研究側(cè)碰條件下的損傷響應(yīng)及損傷機理,并對比分析不同側(cè)碰速度下兒童胸部損傷響應(yīng)的不同,對于制定兒童安全保護(hù)法規(guī)和降低損傷發(fā)生率具有重要意義。 本研究主要工作如下： 1、基于6歲兒童胸部CT圖像,采用閾值分割方法提取肋骨、肋軟骨、胸骨、腫和心臟等組織的幾何模型,應(yīng)用逆向工程軟件進(jìn)行光滑平順及曲面片劃分。 2、在所建立的幾何模型基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)用網(wǎng)格劃分軟件完成6歲兒童胸部有限元模型的構(gòu)建,并通過比較模型仿真結(jié)果和縮放成人尸體碰撞試驗在軸向載荷條件下胸部的響應(yīng)結(jié)果,結(jié)果表明兩者所得出的碰撞力-位移曲線變化趨勢基本吻合,驗證了該有限元模型的有效性。 3、利用所構(gòu)建的兒童胸部有限元模型進(jìn)行側(cè)面碰撞仿真分析,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)側(cè)碰中肋骨中部、肋結(jié)節(jié)、肺斜裂及肺主支氣管等處出現(xiàn)應(yīng)力集中,容易產(chǎn)生損傷。 4、通過對兒童胸部模型正碰、側(cè)碰響應(yīng)的比較,結(jié)果顯示,正碰、側(cè)碰仿真中最大等效應(yīng)力分別為77.738Mpa和125.668Mpa,說明側(cè)碰條件下兒童胸部產(chǎn)生的損傷幾率比正碰大。 本文通過對6歲兒童胸部有限元模型的側(cè)碰響應(yīng)分析的研究,有助于理解兒童胸部的損傷機理,為兒童乘員損傷防護(hù)裝置的開發(fā)和應(yīng)用提供數(shù)據(jù)參考,同時該模型為構(gòu)建完整的兒童有限元模型奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Although children are not the main body of death in traffic accidents, they are the vulnerable groups in road traffic safety, and people's awareness of child occupants' protection is relatively weak. In addition, most automobile companies devote themselves to the development of adult safety protection system, and the research on child safety restraint system is relatively lacking. Therefore, it is very important to build a child finite element model with high fidelity. The model is used to study the injury response and injury mechanism of children under side impact, and to compare and analyze the different response of children's chest injury under different side impact velocities, which is of great significance for the establishment of child safety protection regulations and the reduction of injury incidence. The main work of this study is as follows: 1. Based on the chest CT images of 6-year-old children, the geometric models of rib, costal cartilage, sternum, swelling and heart were extracted by threshold segmentation method, and smooth and curved slices were divided by reverse engineering software. 2. On the basis of the established geometric model, the finite element model of the chest of 6-year-old children was constructed by using the meshing software, and the results of chest response under axial load were compared with the results of the model simulation and the scaled adult cadaver collision test. The results show that the curves of collision force and displacement are in good agreement with each other, and the validity of the finite element model is verified. 3. The finite element model of children's chest was used to simulate the side impact. It was found that the stress concentration appeared in the middle rib, the costal nodule, the oblique fissure of the lung and the main bronchus of the lung. 4. The results show that the maximum equivalent stress in the simulation is 77.738Mpa and 125.668 Mpa. the results show that the incidence of chest injury in children under side impact is higher than that in positive impact. In this paper, the side impact response analysis of 6 years old child chest finite element model is studied, which is helpful to understand the mechanism of child chest injury and provide data reference for the development and application of child occupant injury protection device. At the same time, the model lays a foundation for the construction of a complete finite element model for children.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R726.5;U467.14

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王建柏;高勁謀;胡平;;道路交通事故致胸部損傷813例救治體會[J];創(chuàng)傷外科雜志;2011年03期

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本文編號：1974259