本文選題：過敏性疾病 + 兒童�。� 參考：《大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的：了解大連地區(qū)引起兒童過敏性疾病的主要致敏原及其在不同年齡、性別、季節(jié)時可能存在的差別。探討常見兒童過敏性皮膚病與致敏原種類的關(guān)系及是否合并過敏性鼻炎、哮喘與致敏原種類的關(guān)系。 方法：采用德國默克公司生產(chǎn)的變應(yīng)原點刺液，對2006年9月-2009年8月我科門診121名過敏性疾病患兒，詳細詢問病史、既往史，初步診斷為過敏性疾病，并進行皮膚點刺試驗(SPT)。統(tǒng)計學(xué)上應(yīng)用SPSS11.5統(tǒng)計軟件，統(tǒng)計方法為卡方檢驗及Fisher確切概率法， P0．05為差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義，，P0．01為差異有非常顯著意義。 結(jié)果：其結(jié)果進行回顧性分析，121例患兒出現(xiàn)陽性反應(yīng)的92例，陽性率76%；居于前5位的過敏原有粉塵螨（47.9%）、屋塵螨（45.5%）、須發(fā)癬菌（29.8%）、霉菌Ⅱ（28.1%）、霉菌Ⅰ（24.8%）。57.8%的患兒出現(xiàn)3種以上陽性反應(yīng)。干草塵埃陽性率與性別有關(guān)；牛奶類陽性率與年齡有關(guān)；乳膠類、番茄、雞肉、小麥粉、歐芹、干辣椒、香菜陽性率與發(fā)病季節(jié)有關(guān)。干草塵埃陽性率蕁麻疹及濕疹組相當，明顯高于皮炎組；干辣椒和小麥粉陽性率蕁麻疹組明顯低于皮炎和濕疹組。有過敏性鼻炎或哮喘病史組所有過敏原陽性率均高于單純皮膚損害組，其中粉塵螨、屋塵螨、須發(fā)癬菌、霉菌Ⅱ、蚌類、干辣椒、小麥粉、雞蛋、海魚類、柑橘、花生有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。 結(jié)論：粉塵螨、屋塵螨、須發(fā)癬菌、霉菌Ⅱ、霉菌Ⅰ為大連地區(qū)患過敏性疾病兒童的主要過敏原，吸入性過敏原占主要地位，有遺傳過敏體質(zhì)患兒的過敏原陽性率明顯增高，因此，為過敏性疾病患兒臨床的診斷、治療和預(yù)防提供了理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the main allergens and their possible differences in age, sex and season of allergic diseases in children in Dalian area. To investigate the relationship between allergic dermatoses and allergen types in children and whether they are associated with allergic rhinitis, asthma and allergen species. Methods: 121 children with allergic diseases in our department from September 2006 to August 2009 were asked about the history, past history, preliminary diagnosis of allergic diseases and skin prick test. Statistical application of SPSS11.5 statistical software, statistical methods for chi-square test and Fisher exact probability method, P0.05 for the difference was statistically significant (P0.01). Results: the results were analyzed retrospectively in 92 cases of 121 children with positive reaction, the positive rate was 76%, 47.9% of the first 5 allergies were dust mite, 45.5% of house dust mite, 29.88% of Tinea fibrosus, 28.1% of mildew 鈪

本文編號：1960771