發(fā)布時間：2018-05-10 07:44

  本文選題：貧血 + 累積發(fā)病率　； 參考：《復旦學報(醫(yī)學版)》2017年05期

【摘要】：目的了解上海市閔行區(qū)6~11歲在校學生貧血流行特征,為制定新形勢下中小學生貧血預防措施和策略提供依據。方法 2012—2015學年連續(xù)4年對本區(qū)所有6~11歲在校學生42 872名進行血紅蛋白測定。應用SPSS18.0統(tǒng)計軟件完成所有資料分析。結果 6~11歲在校學生貧血患病率為5.05%(95%CI:4.84~5.26),女生貧血患病率為5.28%,顯著高于男生4.84%(χ~2=4.24,P=0.037)。男、女生貧血易患年齡為6歲。持續(xù)就讀于希望學校學生較公辦學校學生更易患貧血(男生:OR=2.37,95%CI:2.03~2.76;女生:OR=2.08,95%CI:1.74~2.49)。持續(xù)超重或肥胖的學生貧血患病風險較營養(yǎng)正常學生低(男生:OR=0.65,95%CI:0.55~0.76;女生:OR=0.75,95%CI:0.61~0.92)。貧血3年累積發(fā)病率為12.80%(95%CI:12.49~13.12%),其中女生為14.52%,顯著高于男生的11.28%(χ~2=100.26,P0.001)。6歲組男生3年累積發(fā)病風險最高,10~11歲組女生貧血3年累積發(fā)病率最高。持續(xù)就讀于希望學校的學生貧血發(fā)病風險最高(男生:RR=1.93,95%CI:1.72~2.16;女生:RR=1.20,95%CI:1.04~1.39),持續(xù)超重或肥胖是貧血發(fā)病的保護因素(男生:RR=0.75,95%CI:0.67~0.84;女生:RR=0.77,95%CI:0.68~0.88)。貧血單次檢出率為14.58%,復發(fā)性貧血檢出率為2.54%。不同年齡、不同性質學校、不同營養(yǎng)狀況的男、女生貧血檢出次數均以1次為主(P0.05)。結論上海市閔行區(qū)6~11歲在校學生貧血處于輕度流行狀態(tài)。有必要繼續(xù)開展全年齡段學齡兒童貧血的普查普治工作,并根據監(jiān)測結果輔以個性化干預措施,加強學齡兒童家長和青春期女生健康宣教,重點關注希望學校和復發(fā)性或持續(xù)性貧血的學生。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemic characteristics of anemia among students aged 6 to 11 years in Minhang District, Shanghai, and to provide basis for making preventive measures and strategies for anemia among primary and middle school students under the new situation. Methods 42,872 students aged 611 years were measured for 4 consecutive years in the 2012-2015 school year. Use SPSS18.0 statistical software to complete all data analysis. Results the prevalence rate of anemia in students aged 6 to 11 years was 5.05% and 5.28% respectively. The prevalence rate of anemia in girls was 5.28, which was significantly higher than that in boys (蠂 2 = 4.24%, P < 0.037). The age of anemia for boys and girls is 6 years. Students who continue to study in hope schools are more likely to suffer from anaemia than those from public schools (male students are more likely to suffer from anaemia than students in public schools) (male students: O: 2.37 / 95 CI: 2.03 / 2.76; female students:% OR2. 082 / 95 CI: 1.74 / 2.49). The risk of anemia in the students who were overweight or obese was lower than that in the normal students (male students: 0. 65%, CI: 0. 55 + 0. 76; female students: 1: 0. 75 and 95% CI: 0. 61: 0. 92). The cumulative incidence of anemia in 3 years was 12.80% 12.49% 13.1212%, of which 14.52% for girls was significantly higher than 11.28% for boys (蠂 2 100.26 P 0.001 0. 6 years old). The highest cumulative incidence of anemia was found in girls aged 1011 years. Students who continue to attend hope schools have the highest risk of anaemia (male students: RRX 1.9395% CI1: 1.72 / 2.16; female students RRN 1.2095 CI: 1.04: 1.39). Persistent overweight or obesity is the protective factor for anemia (male student RRU 0.7595 CIW 0.670.84; female student RR0.777% 95CIW 0.688.88). The detection rate of anemia was 14.58, and that of recurrent anemia was 2.54. The frequency of anemia detection for boys and girls with different ages, different nature schools and different nutritional status was mainly once (P0.05). Conclusion anemia in school students aged 6 to 11 years old in Minhang District of Shanghai is in a mild epidemic state. There is a need to continue the general survey of anaemia among school-age children of all ages and to strengthen health education for parents of school-age children and adolescent girls, based on the results of monitoring, supplemented by individualized interventions, Focus on schools and students with recurrent or persistent anaemia.
【作者單位】： 上海市閔行區(qū)疾病預防控制中心;復旦大學公共衛(wèi)生學院婦幼與兒少衛(wèi)生教研室;
【基金】：上海市閔行區(qū)衛(wèi)生和計劃生育委員會特色項目(2013MWTX02) 上海市研究生教育創(chuàng)新計劃 上海市公共衛(wèi)生與預防醫(yī)學Ⅰ類高峰學科建設計劃~~
【分類號】：R153.2

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