本文選題：肺炎支原體 + 兒童��； 參考：《寧波大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:1.研究寧波地區(qū)兒童肺炎支原體(Mycoplasma Pneumoniae,MP)感染的流行病學(xué)特征。2.探討MP感染與氣候及空氣污染因素PM2.5的相關(guān)性。方法:對寧波市婦女兒童醫(yī)院2013年-2015年住院患兒用被動凝集法進行MP-Ig M(Immunoglobulin M)檢測,同時收集寧波地區(qū)2013年-2015年月氣象數(shù)據(jù)(包括月平均氣溫、月平均濕度、月平均風(fēng)速、月總降水量、月總?cè)照?及空氣污染因素PM2.5的月平均數(shù)據(jù)。不同年份、季節(jié)、性別、年齡分組的組間陽性率比較采用卡方檢驗,MP感染率與氣候因素、空氣污染因素PM2.5之間的相關(guān)性采用Pearson相關(guān)分析及多元逐步回歸分析。結(jié)果:1.2013年-2015年共檢測病例28861例,其中MP感染例數(shù)6618例,總檢出率22.93%。2013年、2014年、2015年的MP感染率分別為20.95%(2511/11986)、21.73%(1244/5725)、25.68%(2863/11150),檢出率呈逐年遞增趨勢.所有檢測病例中,男性檢出率20.51%(3534/17232),女性檢出率26.52%(3084/11629),女性MP感染率高于男性。2.MP在各年齡組的檢出情況如下:嬰兒組4.66%、幼兒組23.79%、學(xué)齡前組33.11%、學(xué)齡期組34.81%,檢出率隨年齡增長而升高,以學(xué)齡期組最高,嬰兒組最低。3.對連續(xù)3年檢測的28861病例進行季節(jié)分布分析,其中春季檢出率20.18%,(1453/7201),夏季檢出率26.94%(1977/7339),,秋季檢出率25.70%(1843/7170),冬季檢出率18.81%(1345/7151),以夏季最高,冬季最低。4.將MP感染率與氣候因素進行相關(guān)性分析及回歸分析:MP感染率與月平均氣溫呈中度正相關(guān),與月平均濕度、月總降水量呈低度正相關(guān),與月平均風(fēng)速、月總?cè)照詹幌嚓P(guān)。MP感染與月平均氣溫回歸方程為MP感染率(%)=15.437+0.414×月平均氣溫(℃)),即隨著月平均氣溫上升MP感染率上升。5 MP感染率與空氣污染因素PM2.5相關(guān)性分析及回歸分析結(jié)果顯示:MP感染率與月平均PM2.5呈中度負相關(guān),并得出回歸方程為MP感染率(%)=29.777-0.162×PM2.5(μg/m3)),即PM2.5每下降1μg/m3,MP感染率上升0.16%。結(jié)論:1.2013-2015年寧波地區(qū)兒童的MP感染率呈逐年遞增趨勢。2.女性MP感染率高于男性,感染率隨年齡增加而增高,以學(xué)齡期兒童高發(fā),MP感染的高峰在夏季,低谷在冬季。3.氣候因素對MP的檢出率存在影響,MP檢出率與月平均溫度、月平均相對濕度,月總降水量呈正相關(guān)。MP檢出率隨著氣溫上升而升高。4.MP檢出率隨PM2.5的下降而上升。MP感染率(%)=29.777-0.162×PM2.5(μg/m3))。
[Abstract]:Purpose 1. To study the epidemiological characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae MPI infection in children in Ningbo. To investigate the correlation between MP infection and climate and air pollution factor PM2.5. Methods: MP-Ig M(Immunoglobulin M was detected by passive agglutination method in Ningbo Women and Children Hospital from 2013 to 2015. Monthly meteorological data (including monthly mean temperature, monthly average humidity, monthly mean wind speed) were collected from 2013 to 2015 in Ningbo. Monthly mean monthly precipitation, monthly sunshine) and air pollution factor PM2.5. The positive rate of MP in different year, season, sex and age group was compared by chi-square test. The correlation between MP infection rate and climate factor was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and multivariate stepwise regression analysis. Results: 1.A total of 28861 cases were detected from 2013 to 2015, among which 6618 cases were infected with MP. The total positive rate of MP infection rate was 22.93% in 2013. In 2014, the MP infection rate in 2015 was 20.9511 / 119861.1244 / 572525 / 25.68 / 2863 / 11150, respectively, and the detection rate was increasing year by year. Among all the tested cases, the detection rate of male was 20.51% 3534 / 17232G, and that of female was 26.52kW / 3084 / 116290.The detection rate of female MP was higher than that of male .2.MP in all age groups as follows: infant group 4.66, infant group 23.79, preschool group 33.11, school-age group 34.81.The detection rate increased with age. The school age group was the highest, and the infant group was the lowest. 3. The seasonal distribution of 28861 cases detected for 3 consecutive years was analyzed. The detection rate in spring was 20.1853 / 7201, in summer 26.94, 25.70 / 7170 in autumn, 18.81 / 13457151 in winter, the highest in summer and the lowest in winter. The correlation between MP infection rate and climatic factors was analyzed and regression analysis was made. The infection rate of MP was positively correlated with monthly mean air temperature, monthly average humidity, monthly total precipitation and monthly average wind speed. The regression equation between MP infection and monthly mean temperature is that the MP infection rate is 15.437 0.414 脳 month mean temperature (鈩，

本文編號：1795146