本文選題：兒童　切入點：體質(zhì)　出處：《廣州中醫(yī)藥大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：目的:通過對過敏性疾病患兒進行體質(zhì)辨識,探討兒童過敏性疾病體質(zhì)分布特點以及相關(guān)影響因素,為治療兒童過敏性疾病的科研及臨床診治工作提供思路及參考,并為運用中醫(yī)體質(zhì)早期預防兒童過敏性疾病的提供理論基礎(chǔ)。方法:采用橫斷面調(diào)查研究方法,于2016年5月-2017年2月對廣州中醫(yī)藥大學第二附屬醫(yī)院(廣東省中醫(yī)院)門診就診的過敏性疾病小兒進行體質(zhì)問卷調(diào)查,建立數(shù)據(jù)庫,采用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計包創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫及數(shù)據(jù)分析,計量資料用均數(shù)土標準差表示,計數(shù)資料計算構(gòu)成比及率,組間比較采用卡方檢驗或精確概率法。結(jié)果:1.本研究共調(diào)查過敏性疾病患兒140人,其中鼻炎49例(35.0%),濕疹41例(29.3%),哮喘32例(22.9%),同患過敏性鼻炎和濕疹者11例(7.9%),同患過敏性鼻炎和支氣管哮喘者5例(3.6%),同患濕疹和支氣管哮喘者2例(1.4%)。2.中醫(yī)體質(zhì)類型分布情況:平和質(zhì)10例(7.1%),偏頗體質(zhì)130例(92.9%)。偏頗體質(zhì)中,按頻數(shù)高低,依次是氣虛質(zhì)(39例)、痰濕質(zhì)(31例)、濕熱質(zhì)(20例)、陽虛質(zhì)(19例)、陰虛質(zhì)(17例)、氣郁質(zhì)(4例)。3.中醫(yī)體質(zhì)類型在過敏性鼻炎、濕疹、支氣管哮喘中的分布差異具有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)。過敏性鼻炎中氣虛質(zhì)19例(29.2%),陰虛質(zhì)占15例(23.1%);濕疹中痰濕質(zhì)16例(29.6%),濕熱質(zhì)15例(27.8%);支氣管哮喘中氣虛質(zhì)占14例(35.9%),痰濕質(zhì) 11 例(28.2%)。4.中醫(yī)體質(zhì)類型在性別、過敏性家族史、飲食習慣、性格特點的分布差異具有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05),在各年齡段中分布差異無統(tǒng)計學意義。男性患兒氣虛質(zhì)29例(34.5%),女性患兒痰濕質(zhì)19例(33.9%)。有過敏性家族史者氣虛質(zhì)(26.2%)、陽虛質(zhì)(21.4)多見,無過敏性家族史者氣虛質(zhì)(28.6)、痰濕質(zhì)(25.5)多見。痰濕質(zhì)的患兒性格內(nèi)向安靜比例相對較高;濕熱質(zhì)、陰虛質(zhì)患兒性格開朗好動者比例相對高;素食清淡者氣虛質(zhì)較多見,飲食肥甘厚膩者痰濕質(zhì)較多見。結(jié)論:1.過敏性疾病患兒具有明顯體質(zhì)傾向性,體質(zhì)分型以偏頗質(zhì)為主,主要體質(zhì)類型為氣虛質(zhì)、痰濕質(zhì)、濕熱質(zhì)、陽虛質(zhì)、陰虛質(zhì)。2.不同的過敏性疾病具有不同體質(zhì)傾向。過敏性鼻炎患兒氣虛質(zhì)、陰虛質(zhì)較多見;濕疹患兒痰濕質(zhì)、濕熱質(zhì)較多見;支氣管哮喘患兒氣虛質(zhì)、痰濕質(zhì)較多見。3.過敏性疾病患兒中醫(yī)體質(zhì)類型在性別、年齡、過敏性家族史、飲食習慣、性格特點的分布存在差異,說明體質(zhì)一方面受先天因素的影響具有相對穩(wěn)定性,同時受后天因素的影響具有可調(diào)性。4.中醫(yī)體質(zhì)學在兒童過敏性疾病中的應用:一方面為未病先防,糾正偏頗體質(zhì),減少過敏性疾病的發(fā)生;一方面既病防變,將辨病與辨體相結(jié)合,先安未受邪之地,謹守"脾虛為本"這一核心病機,以運脾為要,不妄用苦寒、攻伐之品也。
[Abstract]:Objective: to identify the physical constitution of children with allergic diseases, to explore the distribution characteristics of children's allergic diseases and the related influencing factors, to provide ideas and references for the scientific research, clinical diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases in children. And to provide a theoretical basis for the early prevention of allergic diseases in children by using traditional Chinese medicine constitution. Methods: a cross-sectional investigation method was used to study the effect of TCM constitution on the prevention of allergic diseases in children. From May 2016 to February 2017, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the children with allergic diseases in the outpatient clinic of the second affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of traditional Chinese Medicine (Guangdong traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital). The database was established, and the database and data analysis were established by using the SPSS17.0 statistical package. The measurement data were expressed by the standard deviation of mean soil, the constitution ratio and rate were calculated by counting data, and the chi-square test or accurate probability method were used to compare the data among groups. Results: 1.The study investigated 140 children with allergic diseases. There were 49 cases of rhinitis, 41 cases of eczema, 32 cases of asthma, 11 cases of allergic rhinitis and eczema, 5 cases of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma, 2 cases of eczema and bronchial asthma, 2 cases of eczema and bronchial asthma. Situation: 10 cases of calmness and quality, 7.1 cases, 130 cases of biased constitution, 92.9%, partial constitution, According to the frequency, 39 cases of Qi deficiency, 31 cases of phlegm and dampness, 20 cases of dampness and heat, 19 cases of Yang deficiency, 17 cases of Yin deficiency, 4 cases of Qi stagnation, 3. The physical types of traditional Chinese medicine in allergic rhinitis, eczema. The distribution difference in bronchial asthma was statistically significant (P 0.05). In allergic rhinitis, there were 19 cases of qi deficiency and 29. 22D, 15 of which were yin deficiency. 16 cases of eczema included phlegm dampness and dampness, and 15 cases of dampness and heat were 27. 8%. In bronchial asthma, qi deficiency accounted for 35. 9%, phlegm dampness was found in 14 cases, and phlegm dampness was found in 14 cases. 11 cases 28. 2 / 4. The type of constitution of traditional Chinese medicine is in sex, A family history of allergies, eating habits, The distribution of personality traits was statistically significant (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in distribution among different age groups. There were 29 cases of qi deficiency in male children, 19 cases of phlegm wet substance in female children and 33. 9% of them. In those with allergic family history, there were 26. 2% of qi deficiency and 21. 4 cases of yang deficiency. The proportion of introverted and quiet children with phlegm dampness was relatively high; the proportion of cheerful and active children with dampness and heat was higher than that of children with yin deficiency; the proportion of children with light vegetarianism was more than that with deficiency of qi. Conclusion 1. Children with allergic diseases have obvious tendency of physique, the main types of constitution are biased, the main types of constitution are deficiency of qi, phlegm and dampness, dampness and heat, Yang deficiency, and so on, the main types of constitution are deficiency of qi, phlegm and dampness, and deficiency of yang, and the main types are deficiency of qi, phlegm and dampness. Different allergic diseases have different constitution tendency. Qi deficiency and yin deficiency are more common in allergic rhinitis children; phlegm and heat are more common in eczema children; asthenia in bronchial asthma children. Phlegm and dampness are more common in children with allergic diseases. There are differences in the distribution of TCM constitution types in gender, age, allergic family history, dietary habits and personality characteristics, indicating that physique is relatively stable under the influence of congenital factors on the one hand. At the same time, influenced by acquired factors, TCM physique can be adjusted. 4. The application of TCM physique in children's allergic diseases: on the one hand, it is to prevent the disease first, to correct the biased constitution, to reduce the occurrence of allergic diseases; on the other hand, to prevent the disease from changing. Will distinguish the disease and the differentiation body to combine, the first peace has not received evil land, defends "spleen deficiency as this" this core pathogenesis, to transport the spleen is important, does not use the bitter cold, attacks the felling goods also.
【學位授予單位】：廣州中醫(yī)藥大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R272
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本文編號：1645109